Analysis

Description:

This article provides an overview of Canada's international merchandise trade in personal protective equipment in May 2020, as well as an update on exports and imports of medical and protective goods.

Description:

This study examines Canadians' concerns about the impact of COIVD-19 on their own health and the health of others, and the precautions individuals have taken to avoid infection.

Description:

Canada recently adopted the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Children and Youth (24-Hour Guidelines) for young people aged 5 to 17 years-an international first, providing integrated recommendations for physical activity, sedentary time and sleep. Since the release of the guidelines, very few studies have examined the associations of adherence to the 24-Hour Guidelines with health outcomes-and none focus on psychosocial health. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the associations of meeting the 24-Hour Guidelines and their behaviour-specific recommendations with psychosocial health among Canadian children and youth.

Description:

This Juristat examines the characteristics and socioeconomic circumstances of young offenders who participated in the Nova Scotia Restorative Justice Program in 2009/2010. Drawing on information from tax data and the 2016 Census of Population, this analysis provides information on economic and social marginalization which may have contributed to their offending, as well as some of the challenges they continued to face in young adulthood. In particular, differences between the circumstances of male and female offenders are shown.

Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin

Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin

Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin

Description:

Canada Day 2020 feels a little bit different, due to COVID-19. Explore what the data say about how Canadians are caring for each other and themselves. We may be physically apart, but we're facing these challenges together.

Description:

Every year, Statistics Canada collects data from hundreds of surveys. As the amount of data gathered increases, Statistics Canada has introduced infographics to help people, business owners, academics, and management at all levels, understand key information derived from the data. Infographics can be used to quickly communicate a message, to simplify the presentation of large amounts of data, to see data patterns and relationships, and to monitor changes in variables over time.

These infographics will provide a quick overview of Statistics Canada survey data.

Description:

A series of articles on various subjects which explore the impact of COVID-19 on the socio-economic landscape. New articles will be released periodically.

Description:

This article provides an overview of Canada's international merchandise trade in personal protective equipment in May 2020, as well as an update on exports and imports of medical and protective goods.

Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin

Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin

Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin

Description:

Canada Day 2020 feels a little bit different, due to COVID-19. Explore what the data say about how Canadians are caring for each other and themselves. We may be physically apart, but we're facing these challenges together.

Description:

A series of articles on various subjects which explore the impact of COVID-19 on the socio-economic landscape. New articles will be released periodically.

Description:

This article presents an impact analysis and 2020 outlook for the Couriers and messenger services price index (CMSPI) amid the COVID-19 pandemic.

Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin

Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin

Description:

Over the past few decades, computer technology has gradually changed workplaces, leading to a reduction of routine and manual job tasks, and an increase in non-routine, cognitive tasks. More recent developments in artificial intelligence and machine learning could be even more far-reaching, as they are designed to execute tasks that were traditionally considered non-automatable.

Description:

This study examines Canadians' concerns about the impact of COIVD-19 on their own health and the health of others, and the precautions individuals have taken to avoid infection.

Description:

Canada recently adopted the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Children and Youth (24-Hour Guidelines) for young people aged 5 to 17 years-an international first, providing integrated recommendations for physical activity, sedentary time and sleep. Since the release of the guidelines, very few studies have examined the associations of adherence to the 24-Hour Guidelines with health outcomes-and none focus on psychosocial health. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the associations of meeting the 24-Hour Guidelines and their behaviour-specific recommendations with psychosocial health among Canadian children and youth.

Description:

This Juristat examines the characteristics and socioeconomic circumstances of young offenders who participated in the Nova Scotia Restorative Justice Program in 2009/2010. Drawing on information from tax data and the 2016 Census of Population, this analysis provides information on economic and social marginalization which may have contributed to their offending, as well as some of the challenges they continued to face in young adulthood. In particular, differences between the circumstances of male and female offenders are shown.

Description:

For several decades, national statistical agencies around the world have been using probability surveys as their preferred tool to meet information needs about a population of interest. In the last few years, there has been a wind of change and other data sources are being increasingly explored. Five key factors are behind this trend: the decline in response rates in probability surveys, the high cost of data collection, the increased burden on respondents, the desire for access to “real-time” statistics, and the proliferation of non-probability data sources. Some people have even come to believe that probability surveys could gradually disappear. In this article, we review some approaches that can reduce, or even eliminate, the use of probability surveys, all the while preserving a valid statistical inference framework. All the approaches we consider use data from a non-probability source; data from a probability survey are also used in most cases. Some of these approaches rely on the validity of model assumptions, which contrasts with approaches based on the probability sampling design. These design-based approaches are generally not as efficient; yet, they are not subject to the risk of bias due to model misspecification.

Description:

Model-based methods are required to estimate small area parameters of interest, such as totals and means, when traditional direct estimation methods cannot provide adequate precision. Unit level and area level models are the most commonly used ones in practice. In the case of the unit level model, efficient model-based estimators can be obtained if the sample design is such that the sample and population models coincide: that is, the sampling design is non-informative for the model. If on the other hand, the sampling design is informative for the model, the selection probabilities will be related to the variable of interest, even after conditioning on the available auxiliary data. This will imply that the population model no longer holds for the sample. Pfeffermann and Sverchkov (2007) used the relationships between the population and sample distribution of the study variable to obtain approximately unbiased semi-parametric predictors of the area means under informative sampling schemes. Their procedure is valid for both sampled and non-sampled areas.

Description:

Probability sampling designs are sometimes used in conjunction with model-based predictors of finite population quantities. These designs should minimize the anticipated variance (AV), which is the variance over both the superpopulation and sampling processes, of the predictor of interest. The AV-optimal design is well known for model-assisted estimators which attain the Godambe-Joshi lower bound for the AV of design-unbiased estimators. However, no optimal probability designs have been found for model-based prediction, except under conditions such that the model-based and model-assisted estimators coincide; these cases can be limiting. This paper shows that the Godambe-Joshi lower bound is an upper bound for the AV of the best linear unbiased estimator of a population total, where the upper bound is over the space of all covariate sets. Therefore model-assisted optimal designs are a sensible choice for model-based prediction when there is uncertainty about the form of the final model, as there often would be prior to conducting the survey. Simulations confirm the result over a range of scenarios, including when the relationship between the target and auxiliary variables is nonlinear and modeled using splines. The AV is lowest relative to the bound when an important design variable is not associated with the target variable.

Description:

Cut-off sampling is applied when there is a subset of units from the population from which getting the required information is too expensive or difficult and, therefore, those units are deliberately excluded from sample selection. If those excluded units are different from the sampled ones in the characteristics of interest, naïve estimators may be severely biased. Calibration estimators have been proposed to reduce the design-bias. However, when estimating in small domains, they can be inefficient even in the absence of cut-off sampling. Model-based small area estimation methods may prove useful for reducing the bias due to cut-off sampling if the assumed model holds for the whole population. At the same time, for small domains, these methods provide more efficient estimators than calibration methods. Since model-based properties are obtained assuming that the model holds but no model is exactly true, here we analyze the design properties of calibration and model-based procedures for estimation of small domain characteristics under cut-off sampling. Our results confirm that model-based estimators reduce the bias due to cut-off sampling and perform significantly better in terms of design mean squared error.

Description:

Selecting the right sample size is central to ensure the quality of a survey. The state of the art is to account for complex sampling designs by calculating effective sample sizes. These effective sample sizes are determined using the design effect of central variables of interest. However, in face-to-face surveys empirical estimates of design effects are often suspected to be conflated with the impact of the interviewers. This typically leads to an over-estimation of design effects and consequently risks misallocating resources towards a higher sample size instead of using more interviewers or improving measurement accuracy. Therefore, we propose a corrected design effect that separates the interviewer effect from the effects of the sampling design on the sampling variance. The ability to estimate the corrected design effect is tested using a simulation study. In this respect, we address disentangling cluster and interviewer variance. Corrected design effects are estimated for data from the European Social Survey (ESS) round 6 and compared with conventional design effect estimates. Furthermore, we show that for some countries in the ESS round 6 the estimates of conventional design effect are indeed strongly inflated by interviewer effects.

Description:

In surveys, logical boundaries among variables or among waves of surveys make imputation of missing values complicated. We propose a new regression-based multiple imputation method to deal with survey nonresponses with two-sided logical boundaries. This imputation method automatically satisfies the boundary conditions without an additional acceptance/rejection procedure and utilizes the boundary information to derive an imputed value and to determine the suitability of the imputed value. Simulation results show that our new imputation method outperforms the existing imputation methods for both mean and quantile estimations regardless of missing rates, error distributions, and missing-mechanisms. We apply our method to impute the self-reported variable “years of smoking” in successive health screenings of Koreans.

Description:

The recent development of several artificial intelligence applications—such as driverless vehicles, robo-writers and computer-aided medical diagnostics—has led to concerns about the role of human workers in the future workforce. The COVID-19 pandemic has added to these concerns, as businesses may turn to new artificial intelligence technologies to perform work activities not traditionally regarded as automatable, such as social tasks. While previous studies have estimated the share of Canadian workers at high risk of automation-related job transformation, this study is the first to examine in great detail the automation risks faced by different groups of workers.

Description:

Every year, Statistics Canada collects data from hundreds of surveys. As the amount of data gathered increases, Statistics Canada has introduced infographics to help people, business owners, academics, and management at all levels, understand key information derived from the data. Infographics can be used to quickly communicate a message, to simplify the presentation of large amounts of data, to see data patterns and relationships, and to monitor changes in variables over time.

These infographics will provide a quick overview of Statistics Canada survey data.

Description:

Health Reports, published by the Health Analysis Division of Statistics Canada, is a peer-reviewed journal of population health and health services research. It is designed for a broad audience that includes health professionals, researchers, policymakers, and the general public. The journal publishes articles of wide interest that contain original and timely analyses of national or provincial/territorial surveys or administrative databases. New articles are published electronically each month.

Health Reports had an impact factor of 2.768 for 2018 and a five-year impact factor of 2.905. All articles are indexed in PubMed. Our online catalogue is free and receives more than 500,000 visits per year. External submissions are welcome.

Description:

This publication provides in-depth analysis and detailed statistics on a variety of topics and issues related to justice and public safety. Topics include crime, victimization, homicide, civil, family and criminal courts, and correctional services. Issues related to community safety, and perceptions of safety are also covered. The publication is intended for those with an interest in Canada's justice and public safety systems as well as those who plan, establish, administer and evaluate programs and projects related to justice and public safety.

Description:

The journal publishes articles dealing with various aspects of statistical development relevant to a statistical agency, such as design issues in the context of practical constraints, use of different data sources and collection techniques, total survey error, survey evaluation, research in survey methodology, time series analysis, seasonal adjustment, demographic studies, data integration, estimation and data analysis methods, and general survey systems development. The emphasis is placed on the development and evaluation of specific methodologies as applied to data collection or the data themselves.

Description:

The Analytical Studies Branch Research Paper Series provides for the circulation of research conducted by Analytical Studies Branch staff and collaborators. The Series is intended to stimulate discussion on a variety of topics, such as labour, immigration, education and skills, income mobility, well-being, aging, firm dynamics, productivity, economic transitions, and economic geography. Readers of the Series are encouraged to contact the authors with their comments and suggestions. All the papers in the Analytical Studies Branch Research Paper Series go through institutional and peer review to ensure that they conform to Statistics Canada's mandate as a governmental statistical agency and adhere to generally accepted standards of good professional practice.

Description:

These papers provide background information as well as in depth analysis on data reported in any of the following accounts: income and expenditure accounts, provincial economic accounts, financial flow accounts, national balance sheet accounts, estimates of labour income, and national tourism indicators.

Description:

Articles in the Economic Insights series highlight issues related to the growth and development of Canada's economy. In some cases, these articles highlight new insights or synthesize the results of previous research carried out by Statistics Canada; in others, they provide contextual information that accompanies the release of new data or updates from previous papers. The Economic Insights series features concise examinations of economic events, research results, trends, and important structural changes in the economy.

Description:

Health fact sheets will include short, focused, single-theme analysis documents. Over the course of the series, analysis will include topics on: Health conditions, lifestyle, well-being, disability, prevention and detection of disease, deaths, pregnancy and birth, health care services and environmental factors.

Description:

Short and focused data tables related to current events.

Description:

The newsletter offers information aimed at three main groups, businesses (small to medium), communities and ethno-cultural groups/communities. Articles and outreach materials will assist their understanding of national and local data from the many relevant sources found on the Statistics Canada website.