Analysis

Description: This article presents data on Indigenous Peoples and their experiences with wildfires, along with spatial data on forest fires and air quality from 2023. The analysis integrates results from the 2024 Survey Series on First Nations People, Métis and Inuit - Emergency Preparedness and Extreme Weather with 2021 Census Indigenous population data, alongside spatial data on forest fires and air quality from 2023. This analytical article uses maps, charts and tables to show findings, including burned-area estimates and air quality index values, to provide a comprehensive overview of wildfire experiences among Indigenous populations in Canada.

Description: Confidence intervals are very often constructed based on a probability distribution that uses a certain number of degrees of freedom as a parameter. This is the case with the Student and the modified Wilson confidence intervals, discussed in this article, which use quantiles from the Student distribution where the number of degrees of freedom is generally unknown. For the length of a confidence interval to be representative of the reliability of an estimate, the actual coverage rate must match the nominal rate. To that end, the number of degrees of freedom in the probability distribution used in practice to calculate the confidence interval must be estimated as precisely as possible. An approximate rule is often used, although it tends to overestimate the actual number of degrees of freedom. In this article, a more precise version of degrees of freedom, derived from the Satterthwaite approximation, is obtained in the context of the Canadian Census of Population. The sampling design is equivalent to a simple random design without replacement, cluster-stratified, and the variance estimation method is an adaptation of the balanced repeated replication method. An explicit expression of the degrees of freedom is obtained under these conditions, enabling the factors influencing them to be identified. For comparison, the degree of freedom formula is also established for the conventional variance estimator. A simulation study shows that using this version of degrees of freedom corrects the undercoverage problem observed with the approximate rule, showing the importance of accurately assessing this number.

Description: This study presents advance estimates for key service industries for 2025, leveraging alternative data sources such as goods and services tax revenue, to assess how selected industries navigated uncertainty amid ongoing trade tensions with the United States, softening labour markets and generally weaker growth in the broader economy.

Description: The focus of this portrait is the analysis of the sociodemographic and socioeconomic outcomes of the Filipino populations in Canada. The portrait uses data from the Census of Population (1996 to 2021), the 2011 National Household Survey, the 2020 General Social Survey – Social Identity, and the 2026 Labour Force Survey. An intersectional approach is used to explore the relationships between multiple diversity measures.

Description: From April 1 to May 6, 2026, Statistics Canada conducted the Canadian Survey on Business Conditions. The purpose of this survey is to collect information on businesses in Canada related to emerging issues. This infographic presents key results from this survey.

Description: In collaboration with the Bank of Canada, this research paper extends previous work on alternative approaches to measuring owned accommodation (OA) in the Canadian Consumer Price Index (CPI), with a particular focus on rental equivalence (RE). The analysis constructs analytical price index series for Canada using the main OA measurement concepts proposed in the International Consumer Price Index Manual and widely adopted internationally. The study examines how OA and the all-items CPI may have evolved from 2004 to 2025 under different methodologies. The inclusion of asking-rent–based RE measures aims to better capture secondary rental market dynamics and provide more timely insights into how rent movements affect OA and the all-items CPI.

Description: Previous research has found variability in cancer incidence and cancer-related outcomes according to place of residence. This study examined geographic variability in the incidence and mortality of breast cancer among females in Canada, using data from the 2021 Canadian Cancer Registry (breast cancer incidence) and the Canadian Vital Statistics – Death database (breast cancer mortality). Age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs) and age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRs) per 100,000 females per year and their rate ratios were calculated, as well as age group-specific and age-standardized stage-specific incidence rates, and examined across provinces and territories, community sizes, and peer groups (i.e., clusters of health regions with similar socioeconomic and demographic characteristics).

Description: This is a health fact sheet about preterm births among mothers from racialized groups. This analysis includes live births from the five-year period preceding the 2021 Census.

Description: This article highlights the 2024 value added in exports data for Canadian manufacturing and provides detailed estimates for iron, steel and aluminum producers, and auto assembly plants and parts suppliers, manufacturing industries that have been directly impacted by the onset of significant tariffs in March 2025 on Canadian exports to the United States.

Description: This infographic provides an overview of characteristics of recent Canadian emigrants, using 2021 Census data and tax data. It presents results disaggregated by various characteristics, including age, immigrant status, level of education, occupation, and more.

Description: From April 1 to May 6, 2026, Statistics Canada conducted the Canadian Survey on Business Conditions. The purpose of this survey is to collect information on businesses in Canada related to emerging issues. This infographic presents key results from this survey.

Description: This infographic provides an overview of characteristics of recent Canadian emigrants, using 2021 Census data and tax data. It presents results disaggregated by various characteristics, including age, immigrant status, level of education, occupation, and more.

Description: From January 2 to February 6, 2026, Statistics Canada conducted the Canadian Survey on Business Conditions. The purpose of this survey is to collect information on businesses in Canada related to emerging issues. This infographic presents key results from this.

Description: This infographic explores ocean and coastal ecosystems from a natural capital accounting perspective. It presents the extent of ocean and coastal areas, examines ocean condition through warming trends, and highlights ecosystem services such as fish and seafood harvests and the experimental monetary values of three selected ocean and coastal ecosystem services: commercial fishing, carbon sequestration, and nature-based tourism.

Description: From October 1st to November 5th, 2025, Statistics Canada conducted the Canadian Survey on Business Conditions. The purpose of this survey is to collect information on businesses in Canada related to emerging issues. This infographic presents key results from this.

Description: From July 2nd to August 6th, 2025, Statistics Canada conducted the Canadian Survey on Business Conditions. The purpose of this survey is to collect information on businesses in Canada related to emerging issues. This infographic presents key results from this.

Description: From April 1st to May 5th, 2025, Statistics Canada conducted the Canadian Survey on Business Conditions. The purpose of this survey is to collect information on businesses in Canada related to emerging issues. This infographic presents key results from this.

Description: What is it that helps someone transition from homeless to housed? We’re looking at new analysis of data from the Canadian Housing Survey to explore exactly that. In conversation with Peter Tilley, the CEO of the Ottawa Mission, and Jeff Randle, Chief of the Housing Need Project section at Statistics Canada, we’re asking why homelessness (and homelessness data!) is more complex than you might think, what factors most often led to regaining housing, and why housing can be challenging to maintain even after it’s been regained.

Description: From January 2nd to February 6th, 2025, Statistics Canada conducted the Canadian Survey on Business Conditions. The purpose of this survey is to collect information on businesses in Canada related to emerging issues. This infographic presents key results from this.

Description: This infographic provides an overview of the diversity and demographic characteristics of the Muslim population in Canada. Using data from the 2001 and 2021 Census of Population data (2001 and 2021), it explores topics such as the distribution of the Muslim population by province and territory and by age group, the main racialized groups, the top countries of birth, and the top languages most often spoken at home by the Muslim population in Canada.

Description: This article presents data on Indigenous Peoples and their experiences with wildfires, along with spatial data on forest fires and air quality from 2023. The analysis integrates results from the 2024 Survey Series on First Nations People, Métis and Inuit - Emergency Preparedness and Extreme Weather with 2021 Census Indigenous population data, alongside spatial data on forest fires and air quality from 2023. This analytical article uses maps, charts and tables to show findings, including burned-area estimates and air quality index values, to provide a comprehensive overview of wildfire experiences among Indigenous populations in Canada.

Description: Confidence intervals are very often constructed based on a probability distribution that uses a certain number of degrees of freedom as a parameter. This is the case with the Student and the modified Wilson confidence intervals, discussed in this article, which use quantiles from the Student distribution where the number of degrees of freedom is generally unknown. For the length of a confidence interval to be representative of the reliability of an estimate, the actual coverage rate must match the nominal rate. To that end, the number of degrees of freedom in the probability distribution used in practice to calculate the confidence interval must be estimated as precisely as possible. An approximate rule is often used, although it tends to overestimate the actual number of degrees of freedom. In this article, a more precise version of degrees of freedom, derived from the Satterthwaite approximation, is obtained in the context of the Canadian Census of Population. The sampling design is equivalent to a simple random design without replacement, cluster-stratified, and the variance estimation method is an adaptation of the balanced repeated replication method. An explicit expression of the degrees of freedom is obtained under these conditions, enabling the factors influencing them to be identified. For comparison, the degree of freedom formula is also established for the conventional variance estimator. A simulation study shows that using this version of degrees of freedom corrects the undercoverage problem observed with the approximate rule, showing the importance of accurately assessing this number.

Description: This study presents advance estimates for key service industries for 2025, leveraging alternative data sources such as goods and services tax revenue, to assess how selected industries navigated uncertainty amid ongoing trade tensions with the United States, softening labour markets and generally weaker growth in the broader economy.

Description: The focus of this portrait is the analysis of the sociodemographic and socioeconomic outcomes of the Filipino populations in Canada. The portrait uses data from the Census of Population (1996 to 2021), the 2011 National Household Survey, the 2020 General Social Survey – Social Identity, and the 2026 Labour Force Survey. An intersectional approach is used to explore the relationships between multiple diversity measures.

Description: In collaboration with the Bank of Canada, this research paper extends previous work on alternative approaches to measuring owned accommodation (OA) in the Canadian Consumer Price Index (CPI), with a particular focus on rental equivalence (RE). The analysis constructs analytical price index series for Canada using the main OA measurement concepts proposed in the International Consumer Price Index Manual and widely adopted internationally. The study examines how OA and the all-items CPI may have evolved from 2004 to 2025 under different methodologies. The inclusion of asking-rent–based RE measures aims to better capture secondary rental market dynamics and provide more timely insights into how rent movements affect OA and the all-items CPI.

Description: Previous research has found variability in cancer incidence and cancer-related outcomes according to place of residence. This study examined geographic variability in the incidence and mortality of breast cancer among females in Canada, using data from the 2021 Canadian Cancer Registry (breast cancer incidence) and the Canadian Vital Statistics – Death database (breast cancer mortality). Age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs) and age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRs) per 100,000 females per year and their rate ratios were calculated, as well as age group-specific and age-standardized stage-specific incidence rates, and examined across provinces and territories, community sizes, and peer groups (i.e., clusters of health regions with similar socioeconomic and demographic characteristics).

Description: This is a health fact sheet about preterm births among mothers from racialized groups. This analysis includes live births from the five-year period preceding the 2021 Census.

Description: This article highlights the 2024 value added in exports data for Canadian manufacturing and provides detailed estimates for iron, steel and aluminum producers, and auto assembly plants and parts suppliers, manufacturing industries that have been directly impacted by the onset of significant tariffs in March 2025 on Canadian exports to the United States.

Description: This article presents data on the extent and condition of Canada’s ocean and coastal ecosystems, as well as the ecosystem services—also known as “nature’s contributions to people”—they provide. Building on earlier pilot accounts, this article offers new physical and monetary estimates of ocean ecosystem services. It also marks the release of experimental monetary valuations of selected ocean ecosystem services, such as commercially harvested wild fish and seafood, nature-based tourism, and blue carbon sequestration.

Description: Household food insecurity, the inadequate or insecure access to food caused by financial constraints, is a serious population health problem in Canada and is strongly associated with numerous adverse health outcomes among children and adults. This study examines whether and how the sociodemographic and economic patterning of households’ vulnerability to food insecurity changed across these years.

Description:

The Record Linkage Project Process Model (RLPPM) was developed by Statistics Canada to identify the processes and activities involved in record linkage. The RLPPM applies to linkage projects conducted at the individual and enterprise level using diverse data sources to create new data sources to meet analytical and operational needs.

Description:

Many of the 60 or so Aboriginal languages in Canada are considered endangered to varying degrees for their long-term survival. Assessing language vitality or endangerment through the measurement of various factors can provide useful information to help ensure the continuity of a language. This paper illustrates how the 2011 Census of Population and the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) can be used to measure some of the factors that provide information related to the vitality of Aboriginal languages.

Description:

This document of fact sheets provides an Aboriginal language profile of Métis, Inuit, and off-reserve First Nations children under the age of six in Canada. The 2006 Aboriginal Children's Survey is used to provide broad indicators of young Aboriginal children's experiences with Aboriginal languages. Data include their ability to speak and understand an Aboriginal language, and their exposure to Aboriginal languages at home and in the community. Family characteristics associated with Aboriginal language knowledge are also presented. Finally, the hopes and expectations of parents regarding their children's acquisition of an Aboriginal language are described.

Description:

This report provides an overview of the first available data on business fraud in Canada focusing on businesses in the retail, banking and insurance sectors. Data used in this report are from the Survey of Fraud against Businesses, 2007-2008. The Survey of Fraud against Businesses provides national-level data on the prevalence and types of fraud experienced, how businesses respond to incidents of fraud, the monetary and non-monetary costs of fraud and fraud detection and prevention practices.

Description:

This report introduces the Crime Severity Index, a new tool for measuring police-reported crime in Canada that for the first time tracks changes in the severity of crime, not just volume.The report also examines how crime is measured in Canada, as well as recent improvements to statistics on crime that are gathered from the police.

Description:

This report depicts the demographic characteristics, health and wellness, living arrangements, social networks and social participation, security from crime and victimization, work patterns and related activities, income and expenditures, and lifestyles of the population aged 65 and over. It examines many of these issues, where data allow, in terms of different age groups within the senior population, for example those aged 65 to 74 and those aged 85 and over. Information are also presented for individuals in the 55 to 64 age range.

The report also includes a chapter on Aboriginal seniors and a chapter on immigrant seniors.

It presents the most comprehensive statistical picture of the situation of Canada's senior population with data drawn from a wide array of sources including the census, as well as other surveys such as the National Population Health Survey, General Social Survey, Canadian Community Health Survey, and Survey of Labour and Income dynamics.

Description:

This paper contains regional and provincial findings from the second wave of the Longitudinal Survey of Immigrants to Canada (LSIC). The LSIC was designed to study how newly arrived immigrants adjust over time to living in Canada.

This paper focuses on the issue of labour market integration for immigrants at the regional and provincial levels. Labour market integration is a critical aspect of the immigrant settlement process. For the major provinces and Census Metropolitan Areas, this paper addresses questions such as: how long does it take newly arrived immigrants to get their first job? How many of them find employment in their intended occupation? And what obstacles do they encounter when looking for work?

Description:

The Longitudinal Survey of Immigrants to Canada (LSIC), conducted jointly by Statistics Canada and Citizenship and Immigration Canada under the Policy Research Initiative, is a comprehensive survey designed to study the process by which new immigrants adapt to Canadian society. About 12,000 immigrants aged 15 and older who arrived in Canada from abroad between October 2000 and September 2001 were interviewed. By late 2005, when all three waves of interviews will have been completed, the survey will provide a better understanding of how the settlement process unfolds for new immigrants.

The results of this survey will provide valuable information on how immigrants are meeting various challenges associated with integration and what resources are most helpful to their settlement in Canada. The main topics being investigated include housing, education, foreign credentials recognition, employment, income, the development and use of social networks, language skills, health, values and attitudes, and satisfaction with the settlement experience.

Results from the first wave of the LSIC had shown that labour market integration was a particularly critical aspect of the immigrant settlement process. This paper therefore focuses on this issue. The release addresses questions such as: how long does it take newly arrived immigrants to get their first job? How many of them find employment in their intended occupation? And what obstacles do they encounter when looking for work?

Description:

This publication of the Canadian food processing industry provides an overview of industry trends and comparisons with the other G-7 countries.

Description:

This paper provides a descriptive analysis of issues related to the access and use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) among Canadian youth. In particular, this research examines the extent to which inequities in the use and access of ICT exist among Canadian high school students, based on gender, socio-economic status and rural-urban location. Three datasets have been used to study this issue: the Canadian portion of the Second International Technology in Education Study (SITES), an international survey which measures schools' use of technological resources; the Youth in Transition Survey (YITS), which was conducted in conjunction with the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA); and Cycle 14 of the General Social Survey (GSS), which focusses specifically on issues related to ICT access and use.The results of these analyses suggest that there is a 'digital divide' among Canadian youth, in terms of access to and experience with ICT. Rural youth are less likely to have access to computers in the home; however, frequency of use and perceived competency levels are not compromised by this trend. Female youth and those from families with low levels of parental education are also less likely to have access to computers in their homes. These groups tend to spend less time on the computer and report lower levels of computer skills competency.