Analysis

Description: Statistics Canada is committed to sharing our knowledge and expertise to help all Canadians develop their data literacy skills by developing a series of data literacy training resources. Data literacy is a key skill needed in the 21st century. It is generally described as the ability to derive meaning from data. Data literacy focuses on the competencies or skills involved in working with data, including the ability to read, analyze, interpret, visualize data, as well as to drive good decision-making.

Description: This publication brings together and analyzes a wide range of data sources in order to provide information on various aspects of Canadian society, including labour, income, education, social, and demographic issues, that affect the lives of Canadians.

Description: Using data from the Longitudinal Immigration Database, this article examines recent trends in the admission, retention and labour market outcomes of foreign postdoctoral fellows in Canada. Foreign postdoctoral fellows are identified as individuals whose first Canadian work permit was issued under the Labour Market Impact Assessment exemption code designated for postdoctoral appointments within the International Mobility Program (IMP). Their outcomes are compared with those of other IMP work permit holders, Temporary Foreign Worker Program participants and immigrants who entered Canada directly as permanent residents.

Description: This technical reference guide is intended for users of the Education and Labour Market Longitudinal Platform (ELMLP). The data for the products associated with this issue are derived from integrating Postsecondary Student Information System (PSIS) administrative data with other administrative data on earnings and data from the Census of Population long-form. Statistics Canada has derived a series of annual indicators on the labour market outcomes of public postsecondary graduates including median employment income by educational qualification, field of study, Indigenous identity, racialized group, age group and gender for Canada, the provinces and the territories combined. This document has been updated to reflect the 2026 methodology used to produce labour market outcome indicators.

Description: This article examines trades certification outcomes from 2008 to 2023 among apprentices who were childhood immigrants, compared with their Canadian-born counterparts, across eight registration cohorts (2008 to 2015).

Description: The series includes analysis on the characteristics of those with elementary-secondary, postsecondary and apprenticeship training. It also features analysis on students’ pathways through the education system and into the labour market—including findings for different levels of education and fields of study. This research highlights specific groups of interest such as youth, women, men, immigrants, Indigenous people (First Nations people, Métis and Inuit) and visible minorities, and how intersections between these characteristics influence people’s educational experiences. Other topics include access to education; national and international adult performance assessments; use of technology; lifelong learning; and adult education.

Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin

Description: Following significant changes introduced by Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) to the international education program, this study aims to assess the feasibility of developing a system to produce up-to-date estimates of international students enrolled in public postsecondary institutions in Canada. Based on survey data and complemented by two administrative data sources, these estimates will address an important data need and provide a clearer picture of the potential impact that immigration policies have had on international postsecondary education in Canada, particularly for the 2024-2025 and 2025-2026 academic years.

Description: Canada’s Poverty Reduction Strategy introduced the Official Poverty Line for Canada and a dashboard of 12 indicators to track progress on poverty reduction for Canadians and their households. This infographic presents trend information for Canada's official poverty rate and the associated 12 indicators.

Description: The NEET measure (not in employment, education or training) is a popular approach to identifying youth who, at a point in time, may be at risk for economic and social difficulties. This article develops and applies a complementary indicator that focuses on a longer time period and also acknowledges unpaid caregiving as a productive activity. Youth are considered not in employment, education or training, excluding short transitions (NEETEST), if they were NEET (excluding unpaid caregiving) for a full year.

Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin

Description: Canada’s Poverty Reduction Strategy introduced the Official Poverty Line for Canada and a dashboard of 12 indicators to track progress on poverty reduction for Canadians and their households. This infographic presents trend information for Canada's official poverty rate and the associated 12 indicators.

Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin

Description: Comparison of international student enrolments at Canadian public colleges between 2014/2015 and 2023/2024 by province of study, country of citizenship, and field of study, using Postsecondary Student Information System (PSIS) data.

Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin

Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin

Description: There is a growing trend in the prevalence of activity limitations among both certified journeypersons and non-journeypersons between 2016 and 2021, with certified journeypersons experiencing this increase at a faster rate. In the context of the skilled trades, activity limitations can pose as a barrier for prospective journeypersons, and the possibility of worsening their condition can also pose as a motivating factor for them to leave an apprenticeship program and/or quit the skilled trades altogether. These points are of particular interest given the various reports on the incoming labour shortages in the skilled trades and the need to attract and retain journeypersons in the field to meet future demands.

Description: This infographic provides details on the graduation rate and time to graduation of doctoral students up to ten years after their first enrollment, by STEM and BHASE groupings.

Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin

Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin

Description: Using data from the Longitudinal Immigration Database, this article examines recent trends in the admission, retention and labour market outcomes of foreign postdoctoral fellows in Canada. Foreign postdoctoral fellows are identified as individuals whose first Canadian work permit was issued under the Labour Market Impact Assessment exemption code designated for postdoctoral appointments within the International Mobility Program (IMP). Their outcomes are compared with those of other IMP work permit holders, Temporary Foreign Worker Program participants and immigrants who entered Canada directly as permanent residents.

Description: This technical reference guide is intended for users of the Education and Labour Market Longitudinal Platform (ELMLP). The data for the products associated with this issue are derived from integrating Postsecondary Student Information System (PSIS) administrative data with other administrative data on earnings and data from the Census of Population long-form. Statistics Canada has derived a series of annual indicators on the labour market outcomes of public postsecondary graduates including median employment income by educational qualification, field of study, Indigenous identity, racialized group, age group and gender for Canada, the provinces and the territories combined. This document has been updated to reflect the 2026 methodology used to produce labour market outcome indicators.

Description: This article examines trades certification outcomes from 2008 to 2023 among apprentices who were childhood immigrants, compared with their Canadian-born counterparts, across eight registration cohorts (2008 to 2015).

Description: Following significant changes introduced by Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) to the international education program, this study aims to assess the feasibility of developing a system to produce up-to-date estimates of international students enrolled in public postsecondary institutions in Canada. Based on survey data and complemented by two administrative data sources, these estimates will address an important data need and provide a clearer picture of the potential impact that immigration policies have had on international postsecondary education in Canada, particularly for the 2024-2025 and 2025-2026 academic years.

Description: The NEET measure (not in employment, education or training) is a popular approach to identifying youth who, at a point in time, may be at risk for economic and social difficulties. This article develops and applies a complementary indicator that focuses on a longer time period and also acknowledges unpaid caregiving as a productive activity. Youth are considered not in employment, education or training, excluding short transitions (NEETEST), if they were NEET (excluding unpaid caregiving) for a full year.

Description: The Pan-Canadian Education Indicators Program (PCEIP) draws from a wide variety of data sources to provide information on the school-age population, elementary, secondary and postsecondary education, transitions, and labour market outcomes.

PCEIP products include data tables, fact sheets, an interactive dashboard, a data explorer, and a handbook. They present indicators for all of Canada, the provinces, the territories, and include year over year comparisons.

The PCEIP is an ongoing initiative of the Canadian Education Statistics Council, a partnership between Statistics Canada and the Council of Ministers of Education, Canada that provides a set of statistical measures on education systems in Canada.

Description: A shortage of health care professionals, especially family doctors and nurses, has been a widespread concern from coast to coast to coast. Few studies have examined recent trends in the retention of health care professionals. In particular, questions remain about whether outmigration pressures exert influence and how retention varies across specialties and regions. This article aims to examine health graduates' retention in Canada and in their province of study during the first few years after completing Canadian postsecondary programs, relying on data from the Postsecondary Student Information System (PSIS) and T1 Family File (T1FF).

Description: This study examines the educational pathways and outcomes of first-generation postsecondary students—students whose parents did not complete postsecondary education (PSE)—relative to non-first-generation students. Using descriptive statistics, this article leverages a unique integrated dataset formed by 2006 Census data and the Postsecondary Student Information System to examine (1) enrolment rates, (2) the graduation and persistence rates per enrolled cohorts from 2010/2011 to 2015/2016, and (3) the students' time to graduation.

Description: Persons with disabilities face disadvantages in employment, and these have implications for their well-being. The gap in employment between persons with and without disabilities is a widely used measure of inequality. This study examines gaps in educational attainment and employment between immigrants with and without disabilities, using data from the 2022 Canadian Survey on Disability.

Description: The study primarily compares 18- to 60-year-old Francophone immigrants with foreign teacher education (obtained outside Canada) with their non-immigrant counterparts who obtained their teacher education anywhere (Francophone non-immigrants with teacher education).

Description: Statistics Canada is committed to sharing our knowledge and expertise to help all Canadians develop their data literacy skills by developing a series of data literacy training resources. Data literacy is a key skill needed in the 21st century. It is generally described as the ability to derive meaning from data. Data literacy focuses on the competencies or skills involved in working with data, including the ability to read, analyze, interpret, visualize data, as well as to drive good decision-making.

Description: This publication brings together and analyzes a wide range of data sources in order to provide information on various aspects of Canadian society, including labour, income, education, social, and demographic issues, that affect the lives of Canadians.

Description: The series includes analysis on the characteristics of those with elementary-secondary, postsecondary and apprenticeship training. It also features analysis on students’ pathways through the education system and into the labour market—including findings for different levels of education and fields of study. This research highlights specific groups of interest such as youth, women, men, immigrants, Indigenous people (First Nations people, Métis and Inuit) and visible minorities, and how intersections between these characteristics influence people’s educational experiences. Other topics include access to education; national and international adult performance assessments; use of technology; lifelong learning; and adult education.

Description: The fact sheets in this series provide an "at-a-glance" overview of particular aspects of education in Canada and summarize key data trends in selected tables published as part of the Pan-Canadian Education Indicators Program (PCEIP).

The PCEIP mission is to publish a set of statistical measures on education systems in Canada for policy makers, practitioners and the general public to monitor the performance of education systems across jurisdictions and over time. PCEIP is a joint venture of Statistics Canada and the Council of Ministers of Education, Canada (CMEC).

Description:

The documents in this collection are based on data from the Longitudinal and International Study of Adults, a survey that examines a variety of topics on the well-being of Canadians and measures the effect of changes in certain areas on people's lives. The survey covers several topics, such as jobs, health, adult education and training, income and earnings, as well as the family dynamic. Reports on the survey content, concepts, methodology and data quality are also available.

Description:

The National Apprenticeship Survey (NAS) looks at factors affecting the completion, certification and transition of apprentices to the labour market. The survey was a collaborative effort on the part of Employment and Social Development Canada (ESDC) and Statistics Canada. It is hoped that the findings will contribute to the ongoing dialogue by governments, industry and unions to ensure that the apprenticeship systems in Canada continue to respond to the demands of the 21st Century.

Description:

The Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC), an initiative of OECD, provides internationally comparable measures of three skills that are essential to processing information: literacy, numeracy, and problem-solving in technology-rich environments (referred to as PS-TRE). Canada is one of 24 countries and sub-national regions participating in this initiative. This study aims to provide a picture of the competencies of the Canadian population aged 16 to 65 in all three skill domains.

Description: Presented in almanac style, the 2012 Canada Year Book contains more than 500 pages of tables, charts and succinct analytical articles on every major area of Statistics Canada's expertise. The Canada Year Book is the premier reference on the social and economic life of Canada and its citizens.

Description: This free online periodical provides summary information on issues and gives access to education indicators and Canadian education analysis. It presents information, statistics and analysis in a non-technical, highly readable format for teachers, students, parents, education associations, researchers and policy makers. It is published bimonthly by Statistics Canada's Centre for Education Statistics.

Description:

Literacy for Life, is the second report from the Adult Literacy and Life Skills Survey. It presents additional results on the nature and magnitude of the literacy gaps faced by OECD countries and how these gaps have evolved over the medium term.

It offers new insights into the factors that influence the formation of adult skills in various settings - at home and at work - for the eleven countries participating in the first and last round of data collection between 2003 and 2008. The study offers comparative evidence on the impact of various factors on the supply of skill. The study offers a special focus on numeracy skills and problem solving skills. It explores the relationships between numeracy and key socio-demographic factors as well as labour market outcomes and earnings.

It highlights the importance of problem solving skills by defining this foundational skill and by exploring its determinants as well as its relative role in influencing important labour market outcomes.

The report offers also an analysis of performance across multiple skill domains. It investigates the skill profiles of various population groups defined in terms of the demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of those who score at levels deemed to be low in one or more skill domains and explores the resulting consequences.

The report concludes by investigating the issue of skill mismatch in the labour market and its relationship to adult learning. The extent and distribution of mismatch between the day to day literacy related requirements of workers and the literacy skills they have obtained is an important issue that is being explored in this study.