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All (138)

All (138) (40 to 50 of 138 results)

41. Decomposing the Between-firm Employment Earnings Dispersion in the Canadian Business Sector: The Role of Firm Characteristics
Articles and reports: 11F0019M2020006
Description:
This paper examines the role of firm characteristics in accounting for the between-firm average employment earnings dispersion in the Canadian business sector between 2002 and 2015. It uses two decomposition methods to analyze the level of and changes in the between-firm average employment earnings dispersion by firm characteristics, such as productivity, globalization status (importing, exporting, foreign ownership), technology intensity, firm size, firm age, industry and geographic region.
Release date: 2020-02-20
42. Neighbourhood, Dwelling and Apartment Building Income Mixing: Measures and Experimental Estimates Across Census Metropolitan Areas
Articles and reports: 11-633-X2020001
Description:
This paper reviews alternative measures of income mixing within geographic units and applies them using geographically detailed income data derived from tax records. It highlights the characteristics of these measures, particularly their ease of interpretation and their suitability to decomposition across different levels of analysis, from neighbourhoods to individual apartment buildings. The discussion focuses on three measures: the dissimilarity index, the information theory index and the divergence index (D-index). Particular emphasis is placed on the D-index because it most effectively describes how income distributions at the sub-metropolitan level (e.g., neighbourhoods) differ from distributions at the metropolitan level (i.e., how much income sorting occurs across neighbourhoods). Furthermore, the D-index can consistently measure the contributions of income sorting within neighbourhoods (e.g., across individual apartment buildings) to the degree of income mixing at the neighbourhood and metropolitan scales.
Release date: 2020-01-21
43. Suggestion of confidence interval methods for the Cronbach alpha in application to complex survey data
Articles and reports: 12-001-X201900300009
Description:
We discuss a relevant inference for the alpha coefficient (Cronbach, 1951) - a popular ratio-type statistic for the covariances and variances in survey sampling including complex survey sampling with unequal selection probabilities. This study can help investigators who wish to evaluate various psychological or social instruments used in large surveys. For the survey data, we investigate workable confidence intervals by using two approaches: (1) the linearization method using the influence function and (2) the coverage-corrected bootstrap method. The linearization method provides adequate coverage rates with correlated ordinal values that many instruments consist of; however, this method may not be as good with some non-normal underlying distributions, e.g., a multi-lognormal distribution. We suggest that the coverage-corrected bootstrap method can be used as a complement to the linearization method, because the coverage-corrected bootstrap method is computer-intensive. Using the developed methods, we provide the confidence intervals for the alpha coefficient to assess various mental health instruments (Kessler 10, Kessler 6 and Sheehan Disability Scale) for different demographics using data from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R).
Release date: 2019-12-17
44. Semiparametric quantile regression imputation for a complex survey with application to the Conservation Effects Assessment Project Archived
Articles and reports: 12-001-X201900200001
Description:
Development of imputation procedures appropriate for data with extreme values or nonlinear relationships to covariates is a significant challenge in large scale surveys. We develop an imputation procedure for complex surveys based on semiparametric quantile regression. We apply the method to the Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP), a large-scale survey that collects data used in quantifying soil loss from crop fields. In the imputation procedure, we first generate imputed values from a semiparametric model for the quantiles of the conditional distribution of the response given a covariate. Then, we estimate the parameters of interest using the generalized method of moments (GMM). We derive the asymptotic distribution of the GMM estimators for a general class of complex survey designs. In simulations meant to represent the CEAP data, we evaluate variance estimators based on the asymptotic distribution and compare the semiparametric quantile regression imputation (QRI) method to fully parametric and nonparametric alternatives. The QRI procedure is more efficient than nonparametric and fully parametric alternatives, and empirical coverages of confidence intervals are within 1% of the nominal 95% level. An application to estimation of mean erosion indicates that QRI may be a viable option for CEAP.
Release date: 2019-06-27
45. Self-employed Canadians: Who and Why? Archived
Articles and reports: 71-222-X2019002
Description:
This article describes a summary profile of workers who were self-employed in their main job during the 12 months prior to September 2018, with a focus on the main reasons motivating them to be their own boss.
Release date: 2019-05-28
46. Development of a small area estimation system at Statistics Canada Archived
Articles and reports: 12-001-X201900100009
Description:
The demand for small area estimates by users of Statistics Canada’s data has been steadily increasing over recent years. In this paper, we provide a summary of procedures that have been incorporated into a SAS based production system for producing official small area estimates at Statistics Canada. This system includes: procedures based on unit or area level models; the incorporation of the sampling design; the ability to smooth the design variance for each small area if an area level model is used; the ability to ensure that the small area estimates add up to reliable higher level estimates; and the development of diagnostic tools to test the adequacy of the model. The production system has been used to produce small area estimates on an experimental basis for several surveys at Statistics Canada that include: the estimation of health characteristics, the estimation of under-coverage in the census, the estimation of manufacturing sales and the estimation of unemployment rates and employment counts for the Labour Force Survey. Some of the diagnostics implemented in the system are illustrated using Labour Force Survey data along with administrative auxiliary data.
Release date: 2019-05-07
47. Results from the 2016 Census: Long commutes to work by car Archived
Articles and reports: 75-006-X201900100002
Description:
Commuting is a fact of life for millions of Canadians. Using data from the 2016 Census on place of work and commuting, this study examines the characteristics of those who spend at least 60 minutes travelling to work, with a focus on those who commute by car, truck or van (or “car commuters”).
Release date: 2019-02-25
48. The Canadian Immigrant Labour Market: Recent Trends from 2006 to 2017 Archived
Articles and reports: 71-606-X2018001
Description:
This report uses immigrant data series from the Labour Force Survey to provide a description of immigrants' labour-market outcomes, from 2006 to 2017.
Release date: 2018-12-24
49. Financial and Wealth Accounts on a from-whom-to-whom basis: selected financial instruments Archived
Articles and reports: 13-605-X201800154970
Description:
The 2008 financial crisis demonstrated how quickly economic shocks can spread between sectors and countries, making it apparent that the existing set of macroeconomic statistics contained gaps for identifying such systemic issues. Users therefore require new products from the System of National Accounts that demonstrate the financial linkages between sectors in the economy. The Special Data Dissemination Plus (SDDS+) and G20 Data Gaps initiatives were established by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) to address some of these data gaps, and presented specific recommendations to G20 countries. One of these recommendations asks statistical agencies to begin compiling more detailed data on the interconnectedness of the economy by incorporating a "From-Whom-To-Whom" (FWTW) framework. This FWTW framework includes statistics that make counterparty information explicit, showing how various sectors of the economy are connected by financial interdependencies. In other words, the data presented on this new basis allows users to answer the question "whom is funding whom and with what financial instruments". In this visualisation tool, we present six instruments on a FWTW basis in a fully customizable pivot table.
Release date: 2018-12-21
50. Prevalence of insomnia for Canadians aged 6 to 79 Archived
Articles and reports: 82-003-X201801200002
Description:
This study estimates the prevalence of nighttime insomnia symptoms among Canadians aged 6 to 79, and examines trends over time (2007 to 2015). The study is based on 21,826 respondents from the 2007-to-2015 Canadian Health Measures Survey.
Release date: 2018-12-19

Stats in brief (14)

Stats in brief (14) (0 to 10 of 14 results)

1. Data ethics part 2: Ethical reviews
Stats in brief: 89-20-00062022004
Description:
Gathering, exploring, analyzing and interpreting data are essential steps in producing information that benefits society, the economy and the environment. In this video, we will discuss the importance of considering data ethics throughout the process of producing statistical information.

As a pre-requisite to this video, make sure to watch the video titled “Data Ethics: An introduction” also available in Statistics Canada’s data literacy training catalogue.

Release date: 2022-10-17
2. Statistics 101: Statistical Bias
Stats in brief: 89-20-00062022005
Description:
In this video, you will learn the answers to the following questions: What are the different types of error? What are the types of error that lead to statistical bias? Where during the data journey statistical bias can occur?

Release date: 2022-10-17
3. Indigenous workers receiving Canada Emergency Response Benefit payments in 2020
Stats in brief: 45-28-0001202200100007
Description:
This article uses administrative data from the Canada Emergency Response Benefit (CERB) program linked to the 2016 long-form Census to examine socio-economic characteristics of Indigenous workers who received the benefit between March and September 2020. Proportions of workers who received payment are presented by age group, sex, province or region, industry of employment, income and size of business as well as for First Nations, Métis and Inuit workers separately.

Release date: 2022-08-03
4. The outlook of rural businesses, fourth quarter of 2021 Archived
Stats in brief: 45-28-0001202200100001
Description:
This article examines some of the effects of COVID-19 on rural businesses in Canada, with comparison to urban counterparts by industry for contextual support. Topics include business obstacles, expectations for the next year, workforce changes and other subjects from the Canadian Survey on Business Conditions, fourth quarter of 2021.

Release date: 2022-01-12
5. Outlook of rural businesses and impacts related to COVID-19, third quarter of 2021 Archived
Stats in brief: 45-28-0001202100100038
Description:
This article examines some of the effects of COVID-19 on rural businesses in Canada, with comparison to urban counterparts by industry for contextual support. Topics include business obstacles, expectations for the next year, workforce changes and other subjects from the Canadian Survey on Business Conditions, third quarter of 2021.

Release date: 2021-10-18
6. Colorectal cancer screening during the COVID-19 pandemic: Impact of paused screening and evaluation of strategies to reduce delays Archived
Stats in brief: 45-28-0001202100100018
Description:
Colorectal cancer screening, along with other health care services, was suspended in Canada in the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic response. This pause was deemed necessary to allow health care facilities to establish appropriate infection-control measures to prevent COVID-19 outbreaks and to reserve health system capacity for COVID-19 patients. The current article projects the impact of a three-month suspension of screening for colorectal cancer using a fecal test for average-risk individuals, and compares strategies to minimize the harm from screening interruptions. The projections come from OncoSim, a cancer microsimulation model co-developed by Statistics Canada and the Canadian Partnership Against Cancer.
Release date: 2021-06-17
7. People living in apartments and larger households were at higher risk of dying from COVID-19 during the first wave of the pandemic Archived
Stats in brief: 45-28-0001202100100004
Description:
The risks of mortality due to COVID-19 have been found to be higher for some Canadians (e.g., older population, especially those living in long term care residences, etc.). For Canadians living in close quarters there could also be an increased risk. This article examines the rate of mortality due to COVID-19 associated with people living in different types of private dwellings in Quebec and Ontario. Additionally, the size of the household and the living arrangements are also explored among individuals.
Release date: 2021-04-13
8. Online shopping during the COVID-19 pandemic Archived
Stats in brief: 11-627-M2020088
Description:
Using a custom tabulation of data from the Monthly Retail Trade Survey, this infographic provides a graphical analysis of retail e-commerce vs. in-store sales for selected industries in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Release date: 2021-02-05
9. The changes in health and well-being of Canadians with long-term conditions or disabilities since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic Archived
Stats in brief: 45-28-0001202000100082
Description:
This article examines how the self-reported health and mental health of people with long-term health conditions or disabilities has changed since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic explored by age, sex and type of reported difficulty. Additionally, the rates of health service disruptions are explored by type of service and region.

Release date: 2020-10-07
10. COVID-19 Impact Analysis and 2020 Outlook: For-hire Motor Carrier Freight Services Price Index Archived
Stats in brief: 45-28-0001202000100067
Description:
This article presents an impact analysis and 2020 outlook for the For-hire Motor Carrier Freight Services Price Index (FHMCFSPI) amid the COVID-19 pandemic. The FHMCFSPI represents the change in the price of for-hire motor carrier freight services, which are services of goods transportation provided by the trucking industry.
Release date: 2020-08-17

Articles and reports (122)

Articles and reports (122) (0 to 10 of 122 results)

1. Enhancing data for rural Canada: Small area estimation of remote work opportunities
Articles and reports: 18-001-X2024001
Description: This study applies small area estimation (SAE) and a new geographic concept called Self-contained Labor Area (SLA) to the Canadian Survey on Business Conditions (CSBC) with a focus on remote work opportunities in rural labor markets. Through SAE modelling, we estimate the proportions of businesses, classified by general industrial sector (service providers and goods producers), that would primarily offer remote work opportunities to their workforce.
Release date: 2024-04-22
2. Application of sampling variance smoothing methods for small area proportion estimation Archived
Articles and reports: 11-522-X202200100005
Description: Sampling variance smoothing is an important topic in small area estimation. In this paper, we propose sampling variance smoothing methods for small area proportion estimation. In particular, we consider the generalized variance function and design effect methods for sampling variance smoothing. We evaluate and compare the smoothed sampling variances and small area estimates based on the smoothed variance estimates through analysis of survey data from Statistics Canada. The results from real data analysis indicate that the proposed sampling variance smoothing methods work very well for small area estimation.
Release date: 2024-03-25
3. Exploring gaps in prescription drug insurance coverage among men and women in Canada using an intersectional lens
Articles and reports: 75-006-X202400100001
Description: Using data from the Canadian Community Health Survey, this study examines men’s and women’s coverage for four types of drug insurance plans (government-sponsored, employer-sponsored, association-sponsored and private drug insurance plans), disaggregated by various socioeconomic, demographic and geographical factors. The study further examines the extent of cost-related medication non-adherence among men and women, disaggregated by type of drug insurance plan.
Release date: 2024-01-10
4. Primary health care access among First Nations people living off reserve, Métis and Inuit, 2017 to 2020
Articles and reports: 41-20-00022023005
Description: Using combined data from the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) from 2017 to 2020, this study examines various indicators of access to primary health care providers (referred to as regular health care providers in the CCHS) and usual places of care among First Nations people living off reserve, Métis and Inuit. These indicators are explored by various socio-demographic characteristics, including sex, age, income, region, and remoteness.
Release date: 2023-10-06
5. Self-reported concussions in Canada: A cross-sectional study
Articles and reports: 82-003-X202300600002
Description: Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are a major public health concern impacting the lives of many Canadians. Among all TBIs, concussions are the most common. However, to date, the incidence of concussions among the Canadian population has remained unknown. To address this data surveillance gap, this study presents national estimates on the percentage of Canadians aged 12 years or older (excluding those living in the territories) who sustained one or more concussions in 2019.
Release date: 2023-06-21
6. Examining variations in immigrants’ lower risk of suicide-related behaviours
Articles and reports: 75-006-X202200100012
Description:
Based on data from the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) and the Canadian Census Health and Environment Cohort (CanCHEC), this study provides an understanding of suicide-related behaviours, namely suicide ideation and completed suicides, among Canadian immigrants.

Release date: 2022-12-01
7. From slaughter to supermarket: How supply-chains inform beef prices
Articles and reports: 62F0014M2022010
Description: In 2021, Canada recorded its highest annual increase in the Consumer Price Index (CPI) since 1991, as global supply-chains felt the repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic, transportation and supply disruptions, and rebounding energy prices – all alongside the effects of the climate crisis.
This analysis uses price data from the Industrial Product Price Index (IPPI), the Wholesale Services Price Index (WSPI), the Retail Services Price Index (RSPI), and the CPI to detail how manufacturers price movement works it way through the supply-chain to ultimately inform the price consumers pay for beef.
Release date: 2022-09-02
8. Bayesian inference for a variance component model using pairwise composite likelihood with survey data
Articles and reports: 12-001-X202200100002
Description:
We consider an intercept only linear random effects model for analysis of data from a two stage cluster sampling design. At the first stage a simple random sample of clusters is drawn, and at the second stage a simple random sample of elementary units is taken within each selected cluster. The response variable is assumed to consist of a cluster-level random effect plus an independent error term with known variance. The objects of inference are the mean of the outcome variable and the random effect variance. With a more complex two stage sampling design, the use of an approach based on an estimated pairwise composite likelihood function has appealing properties. Our purpose is to use our simpler context to compare the results of likelihood inference with inference based on a pairwise composite likelihood function that is treated as an approximate likelihood, in particular treated as the likelihood component in Bayesian inference. In order to provide credible intervals having frequentist coverage close to nominal values, the pairwise composite likelihood function and corresponding posterior density need modification, such as a curvature adjustment. Through simulation studies, we investigate the performance of an adjustment proposed in the literature, and find that it works well for the mean but provides credible intervals for the random effect variance that suffer from under-coverage. We propose possible future directions including extensions to the case of a complex design.

Release date: 2022-06-21
9. Non-response follow-up for business surveys
Articles and reports: 12-001-X202200100006
Description:
In the last two decades, survey response rates have been steadily falling. In that context, it has become increasingly important for statistical agencies to develop and use methods that reduce the adverse effects of non-response on the accuracy of survey estimates. Follow-up of non-respondents may be an effective, albeit time and resource-intensive, remedy for non-response bias. We conducted a simulation study using real business survey data to shed some light on several questions about non-response follow-up. For instance, assuming a fixed non-response follow-up budget, what is the best way to select non-responding units to be followed up? How much effort should be dedicated to repeatedly following up non-respondents until a response is received? Should they all be followed up or a sample of them? If a sample is followed up, how should it be selected? We compared Monte Carlo relative biases and relative root mean square errors under different follow-up sampling designs, sample sizes and non-response scenarios. We also determined an expression for the minimum follow-up sample size required to expend the budget, on average, and showed that it maximizes the expected response rate. A main conclusion of our simulation experiment is that this sample size also appears to approximately minimize the bias and mean square error of the estimates.

Release date: 2022-06-21
10. Technical guide for the Machinery and Equipment Price Index
Articles and reports: 62F0014M2022006
Description:
This article presents the data sources and methodology for the Machinery and Equipment Price Index (MEPI). The MEPI is an input price index that measures the quarterly change in the price of machinery and equipment purchased by industries in Canada. The MEPI is an important indicator of economic activity in all industries undertaking capital investment, serving as a tool for performance evaluation, cost monitoring, contract assessment and benchmark comparisons. It also provides supplemental information to the Canadian System of Macroeconomic Accounts to calculate gross domestic product and measure changes in productivity.

Release date: 2022-05-16

Journals and periodicals (2)

Journals and periodicals (2) ((2 results))

1. Gross Domestic Product by Industry: Sources and Methods with Industry Details Archived
Journals and periodicals: 15-548-X
Description:
This document describes all aspects of output-based Gross Domestic Product (GDP), also known as GDP by industry or simply monthly GDP. It contains a comprehensive record of specific methodologies and data sources, on an industry by industry basis.
It is meant to complement a previous Statistics Canada publication, released in November 2002, entitled Gross Domestic Product by Industry, Sources and Methods (Catalogue no. 15-547), which discusses in general terms the concepts, definitions, classifications and statistical methods underlying the monthly GDP measures.
Release date: 2006-02-28
2. From Home to School - How Canadian Children Cope Archived
Journals and periodicals: 89F0117X
Geography: Canada
Description:
This report outlines some initial results from the School Component of the first and second cycles of the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth (NLSCY). It examines the longitudinal influence of Early Childhood Care and Education and literacy activities on young children's future academic and cognitive outcomes. This overview highlights the information newly available from this component of the survey; it is not comprehensive in its coverage or its analysis. Indeed, the information collected by the NLSCY is so rich and detailed that researchers and analysts will be using it to address a variety of important questions concerning the education of children and youth in Canada for many years to come. Here then, we are merely scratching the surface to stimulate awareness of this rich new data source, and to illustrate the kinds of analyses it makes possible.
Release date: 1999-10-14

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