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Description: Using data from the Labour Force Survey, this study assesses the degree to which employment and hourly wage rates of unpartnered mothers with young children have caught up to their partnered peers between 1997 and 2023. Focusing on mothers aged 18 to 49 with at least one child aged 5 or younger, the analysis examines differences between partnered (i.e., currently married or living common law) and unpartnered mothers, with disaggregation by unpartnered mothers who have never been married and those who were previously married. The study also examines employment and wage gaps by various diverse groups, such as the experiences of immigrant mothers, as well as Indigenous mothers.

Description: This infographic uses data from the Labour Force Survey to look at trends in employment and wage among mothers with young children (age 5 and under). Special attention is paid to differences based on partnership status of mothers.

Description: This web application provides access to Statistics Canada’s Labour Market Indicators for Canada, by province and by census metropolitan area. This dynamic application allows users to view geographical rankings for each labour market indicator and to create quick and easy reports with interactive maps and charts that can be easily copied into other programs. All provincial and CMA estimates used in this application are seasonally adjusted, 3-month moving averages. Labour Force Survey data at the provincial level published each month in The Daily are seasonally adjusted monthly estimates.

Description: This web application provides access to Statistics Canada’s Labour Market Indicators for Canada, by province, territory and economic region (ER). This dynamic application allows users to view a snapshot of key labour market indicators, observe geographical rankings for each indicator using an interactive map and table, and easily copy data into other programs. The provincial and ER estimates used in this application from the Labour Force Survey (LFS) are three-month moving averages, unadjusted for seasonality. The provincial, territorial and ER estimates used in this application from the Job Vacancy and Wage Survey (JVWS) are quarterly data, unadjusted for seasonality. Historical estimates are available in this application, with data going back 10 years for the LFS and from the first quarter of 2016 for JVWS.

Description:

This interactive visualization application provides a comprehensive picture of the Canadian labour market using the most recent Labour Force Survey data available. The estimates are seasonally adjusted and available by province, sex, age group and industry. Historical estimates, going back 5 years, are also included for monthly employment changes and unemployment rates. The interactive application allows users to quickly and easily explore and personalize the information presented. Combine multiple provinces, sexes and age groups to create your own labour market domains of interest.

Description:

The Canadian Labour Market Observatory consists of interactive data visualization applications showcasing the vast amount of publicly available labour market information. The fully interactive applications allow Canadians to quickly and easily personalize the information in a way that is relevant to them and their interests.

Description: This interactive visualization application provides a comprehensive picture of the Canadian labour market using the most recent data from the Survey of Employment, Payrolls and Hours (SEPH). The estimates are seasonally adjusted and available by province and largest industrial sector. Historical estimates, going back 10 years, are also included. The interactive application allows users to quickly and easily explore and personalize the information presented. Combine multiple provinces and industrial sectors to create your own labour market domains of interest.

Description: Using administrative data, such as goods and services tax (GST) revenue, this study assesses how persistent inflationary cost pressures, rising interest rates and technological advancements, in particular the integration of artificial intelligence (AI), has influenced revenue growth across most service industries in 2023.

Description: These reference guides are intended for users of the Education and Labour Market Longitudinal Platform (ELMLP). The guide provides an overview of the Postsecondary Student Information System (PSIS) and the Registered Apprenticeship Information System (RAIS), the general methodology used to create longitudinal indicators, and important technical information for users.

Description: This survey was designed to collect details on topics such as: i) the extent to which graduates of postsecondary programs have been successful in obtaining employment since graduation; ii) the relationship between the graduates' program of study and the employment subsequently obtained; iii) the type of employment obtained and qualification requirements; iv) sources of funding for postsecondary education; and v) government-sponsored student loans and other sources of student debt. The survey results are directed towards policy makers, researchers, educators, employers and persons interested in public postsecondary education and graduates' transition from school to work.

Description:

Using 2006 Census data, this profile provides a statistical overview of the labour market activity, industry, occupation, education, language of work, place of work and mode of transportation variables for Canada, provinces, territories, census divisions, census subdivisions and dissemination areas.

In the census product line, groups of variables, such as this one, are referred to as release components of profiles. These are made available with the major releases of variables of the census cycle, starting with age and sex. Together, they will form a complete cumulative profile of all the variables for each level of geography, plus one cumulative profile for the dissolved census subdivisions.

Starting with the age and sex major day of release, and on major days of release thereafter, profile component data will be available for particular topics at the Canada, province and territory, census division and census subdivision levels, at the census metropolitan area, census agglomeration and census tract levels, and at the federal electoral district (based on the 2003 Representation Order) level. Profile component data for all other standard areas, including dissemination areas, urban areas, designated places and forward sortation areas, will be available approximately four weeks after the major days of release.

Description:

Using 2006 Census data, this profile provides a statistical overview of the labour market activity, industry, occupation, education, language of work, place of work and mode of transportation variables for Canada, provinces, territories and forward sortation areas.

In the census product line, groups of variables, such as this one, are referred to as release components of profiles. These are made available with the major releases of variables of the census cycle, starting with age and sex. Together, they will form a complete cumulative profile of all the variables for each level of geography, plus one cumulative profile for the dissolved census subdivisions.

Starting with the age and sex major day of release, and on major days of release thereafter, profile component data will be available for particular topics at the Canada, province and territory, census division and census subdivision levels, at the census metropolitan area, census agglomeration and census tract levels, and at the federal electoral district (based on the 2003 Representation Order) level. Profile component data for all other standard areas, including dissemination areas, urban areas, designated places and forward sortation areas, will be available approximately four weeks after the major days of release.

Description:

Using 2006 Census data, this profile provides a statistical overview of the labour market activity, industry, occupation, education, language of work, place of work and mode of transportation variables for census metropolitan areas, census agglomerations and census subdivisions.

In the census product line, groups of variables, such as this one, are referred to as release components of profiles. These are made available with the major releases of variables of the census cycle, starting with age and sex. Together, they will form a complete cumulative profile of all the variables for each level of geography, plus one cumulative profile for the dissolved census subdivisions.

Starting with the age and sex major day of release, and on major days of release thereafter, profile component data will be available for particular topics at the Canada, province and territory, census division and census subdivision levels, at the census metropolitan area, census agglomeration and census tract levels, and at the federal electoral district (based on the 2003 Representation Order) level. Profile component data for all other standard areas, including dissemination areas, urban areas, designated places and forward sortation areas, will be available approximately four weeks after the major days of release.

Description:

Using 2006 Census data, this profile provides a statistical overview of the labour market activity, industry, occupation, education, language of work, place of work and mode of transportation variables for designated places.

In the census product line, groups of variables, such as this one, are referred to as release components of profiles. These are made available with the major releases of variables of the census cycle, starting with age and sex. Together, they will form a complete cumulative profile of all the variables for each level of geography, plus one cumulative profile for the dissolved census subdivisions.

Starting with the age and sex major day of release, and on major days of release thereafter, profile component data will be available for particular topics at the Canada, province and territory, census division and census subdivision levels, at the census metropolitan area, census agglomeration and census tract levels, and at the federal electoral district (based on the 2003 Representation Order) level. Profile component data for all other standard areas, including dissemination areas, urban areas, designated places and forward sortation areas, will be available approximately four weeks after the major days of release.

Description:

Using 2006 Census data, this profile provides a statistical overview of the labour market activity, industry, occupation, education, language of work, place of work and mode of transportation variables for urban areas.

In the census product line, groups of variables, such as this one, are referred to as release components of profiles. These are made available with the major releases of variables of the census cycle, starting with age and sex. Together, they will form a complete cumulative profile of all the variables for each level of geography, plus one cumulative profile for the dissolved census subdivisions.

Starting with the age and sex major day of release, and on major days of release thereafter, profile component data will be available for particular topics at the Canada, province and territory, census division and census subdivision levels, at the census metropolitan area, census agglomeration and census tract levels, and at the federal electoral district (based on the 2003 Representation Order) level. Profile component data for all other standard areas, including dissemination areas, urban areas, designated places and forward sortation areas, will be available approximately four weeks after the major days of release.

Description:

This report presents findings from the 2006 Census of Population labour release. The data illustrate the changing trends in the Canadian labour force between 2001 and 2006, highlighting the impact of changes in the economy over this period on the labour market. More specifically, this report presents industrial and occupational employment trends, as well as trends for key demographic groups in the labour force such as older workers, immigrants and Aboriginal Peoples. Numerous colour maps, figures and tables illustrate the latest provincial, territorial and metropolitan labour force trends observed from the 2006 Census of Population.

Description:

Using 2006 Census data, this profile provides a statistical overview of the labour market activity, industry, occupation, education, language of work, place of work and mode of transportation variables for Canada, provinces, territories, census divisions and census subdivisions.

In the census product line, groups of variables, such as this one, are referred to as release components of profiles. These are made available with the major releases of variables of the census cycle, starting with age and sex. Together, they will form a complete cumulative profile of all the variables for each level of geography, plus one cumulative profile for the dissolved census subdivisions.

Starting with the age and sex major day of release, and on major days of release thereafter, profile component data will be available for particular topics at the Canada, province and territory, census division and census subdivision levels, at the census metropolitan area, census agglomeration and census tract levels, and at the federal electoral district (based on the 2003 Representation Order) level. Profile component data for all other standard areas, including dissemination areas, urban areas, designated places and forward sortation areas, will be available approximately four weeks after the major days of release.

Description:

Using 2006 Census data, this profile provides a statistical overview of the labour market activity, industry, occupation, education, language of work, place of work and mode of transportation variables for census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations.

In the census product line, groups of variables, such as this one, are referred to as release components of profiles. These are made available with the major releases of variables of the census cycle, starting with age and sex. Together, they will form a complete cumulative profile of all the variables for each level of geography, plus one cumulative profile for the dissolved census subdivisions.

Starting with the age and sex major day of release, and on major days of release thereafter, profile component data will be available for particular topics at the Canada, province and territory, census division and census subdivision levels, at the census metropolitan area, census agglomeration and census tract levels, and at the federal electoral district (based on the 2003 Representation Order) level. Profile component data for all other standard areas, including dissemination areas, urban areas, designated places and forward sortation areas, will be available approximately four weeks after the major days of release.

This table is available free on the Internet, Catalogue no. 94-579-XWE2006004.

Description:

Using 2006 Census data, this profile provides a statistical overview of the labour market activity, industry, occupation, education, language of work, place of work and mode of transportation variables for census metropolitan areas, tracted census agglomerations and census tracts.

In the census product line, groups of variables, such as this one, are referred to as release components of profiles. These are made available with the major releases of variables of the census cycle, starting with age and sex. Together, they will form a complete cumulative profile of all the variables for each level of geography, plus one cumulative profile for the dissolved census subdivisions.

Starting with the age and sex major day of release, and on major days of release thereafter, profile component data will be available for particular topics at the Canada, province and territory, census division and census subdivision levels, at the census metropolitan area, census agglomeration and census tract levels, and at the federal electoral district (based on the 2003 Representation Order) level. Profile component data for all other standard areas, including dissemination areas, urban areas, designated places and forward sortation areas, will be available approximately four weeks after the major days of release.

Description:

Using 2006 Census data, this profile provides a statistical overview of the labour market activity, industry, occupation, education, language of work, place of work and mode of transportation variables for Canada, provinces, territories and federal electoral districts (2003 Representation Order).

In the census product line, groups of variables, such as this one, are referred to as release components of profiles. These are made available with the major releases of variables of the census cycle, starting with age and sex. Together, they will form a complete cumulative profile of all the variables for each level of geography, plus one cumulative profile for the dissolved census subdivisions.

Starting with the age and sex major day of release, and on major days of release thereafter, profile component data will be available for particular topics at the Canada, province and territory, census division and census subdivision levels, at the census metropolitan area, census agglomeration and census tract levels, and at the federal electoral district (based on the 2003 Representation Order) level. Profile component data for all other standard areas, including dissemination areas, urban areas, designated places and forward sortation areas, will be available approximately four weeks after the major days of release.

Description: A large body of studies have consistently demonstrated that higher proficiency in the destination-country language improves immigrant labour market outcomes. However, because of the lack of objective measures of language skills, previous studies have mainly drawn on subjective measures of language proficiency and were confined to the effect of only one dimension or general language skills. This study examines the effects of test-based measures of official language proficiency in four dimensions — listening, speaking, reading and writing —on immigrant employment and earnings.

Description: Racialized Canadians are generally more likely than their non-racialized, non-Indigenous counterparts to pursue a university-level education. Despite this, their labour market outcomes are often less favourable. Using data from the integrated file of the Postsecondary Student Information System, the 2016 Census and the T1 Family File, this article compares the employment earnings, unionization rate and pension plan coverage rate of racialized graduates with a bachelor’s degree with those of non-racialized, non-Indigenous graduates, two years after graduation.

Description: The COVID-19 lockdowns early in the pandemic had significant impacts on employment in both Canada and the United States. Post-COVID-19, the labour markets have behaved quite differently in their recovery phases. While there have been some similarities, especially by industry, there have been some stark differences as well. This paper examines the differences between the two labour markets post-lockdown by comparing the employment recovery of the various industries, the labour force participation rates, and labour churn.

Description: This fact sheet, which provides an analysis of the Canadian environmental and clean technology products sector labour force characteristics, covers job shares, job growth, educational attainment and annual average wages and salaries by gender for the period 2012 to 2019.

Description:

Using data from the Survey of Employers on Workers’ Skills, the paper examines the link between firm characteristics and the prevalence of skills gaps in the workplace and recruitment difficulties in Canada.

Description:

This technical reference guide is intended for users of the Education and Labour Market Longitudinal Platform (ELMLP). The data for the products associated with this issue are derived from integrating Postsecondary Student Information System (PSIS) administrative data with other administrative data on earnings. Statistics Canada has derived a series of annual indicators on the labour market outcomes of public postsecondary graduates including median employment income by educational qualification, field of study, age group and gender for Canada, the provinces and the territories combined. This document has been updated to reflect the 2022 methodology used to produce labour market outcomes indicators.

Description: In order to examine how Canadian youth are doing, this publication brings together and analyzes a wide range of data sources. The chapters provide information on various important aspects of their lives, including their mental and physical health, labour market participation, education, social participation, the environment and demographic issues. A chapter is dedicated to Indigenous youth, in recognition of the distinct challenges they face.

Description:

Following high school graduation, some students decide to delay their postsecondary education (PSE). This raises the issue of the long-term implications of taking a gap year. The main question asked in this study is “Among high school graduates who eventually registered for postsecondary studies, how do the long-term labour market outcomes compare between those who took a gap year (i.e. attended PSE between 12 and 15 months after high school graduation) and those who followed a more linear path into PSE (i.e. attended PSE within three months of high school graduation)?” The analysis is based on data from the Youth in Transition Survey, Cohort A (YITS-A) linked to the T1 Family File (T1FF) and takes into account differences in a very rich set of characteristics including academic performance, cognitive and non-cognitive ability, parental characteristics (presence, education, aspirations, education savings behaviour), peers, and high school fixed effects.

Description:

From the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, there were widespread concerns about young people’s labour market prospects. This article describes the COVID-19 youth economic activity and health monitor (YEAH) project at University College London (UCL) in collaboration with Statistics Canada and other institutes in Europe, which is aimed to shed light on this area by examining the pandemic’s impacts on the dynamics of youth employment and well-being.

Description:

The labour market outcomes of recently arrived immigrants are often more negatively affected during recessions than those of the Canadian-born. Entering the labour market during a recession may also result in “scarring” effects for both immigrants and Canadian-born workers—the notion that the effects of entering a labour market during a period of high unemployment persists years into the future. However, the severity and characteristics of recessions vary significantly and may affect immigrants’ outcomes differently. This paper compares immigrants’ outcomes during the past three recessions.

Description: These reference guides are intended for users of the Education and Labour Market Longitudinal Platform (ELMLP). The guide provides an overview of the Postsecondary Student Information System (PSIS) and the Registered Apprenticeship Information System (RAIS), the general methodology used to create longitudinal indicators, and important technical information for users.

Description: This handbook complements the tables of the Pan-Canadian Education Indicators Program (PCEIP). It is a guide that provides general descriptions for each indicator and indicator component. PCEIP has five broad indicator sets: a portrait of the school-age population; financing education systems; elementary and secondary education; postsecondary education; and transitions and outcomes.

The Pan-Canadian Education Indicators Program (PCEIP) is a joint venture of Statistics Canada and the Council of Ministers of Education, Canada.

Description:

This technical reference guide (updated to include the 2022 datasets) is intended for users of the Education and Labour Market Longitudinal Platform (ELMLP). The data for the products associated with this issue are derived from integrating Postsecondary Student Information System (PSIS) administrative data with other administrative data on earnings. Statistics Canada has derived a series of annual indicators on the labour market outcomes of public postsecondary graduates including median employment income by educational qualification, field of study, age group and gender for Canada, the provinces and the territories combined.

Description:

This technical reference guide is intended for users of the Education and Labour Market Longitudinal Platform (ELMLP). The data products associated with this release are derived from integrating the longitudinal Registered Apprenticeship Information System (RAIS) 2008 to 2019 data with other administrative data. Statistics Canada has derived a series of indicators on the earnings of newly registered journeypersons by cohort size and selected trades, for Canada, all provinces and for grouped territories.

Description:

This technical reference guide is intended for users of the Education and Labour Market Longitudinal Platform (ELMLP). The data for the products associated with this issue are derived from integrating Postsecondary Student Information System (PSIS) administrative data with other administrative data on earnings. Statistics Canada has derived a series of annual indicators on the labour market outcomes of public postsecondary graduates including median employment income by educational qualification, field of study, age group and sex for Canada, the provinces and the territories combined.

Description:

This technical reference guide is intended for users of the Education and Labour Market Longitudinal Platform (ELMLP). The data for the products associated with this issue are derived from integrating Postsecondary Student Information System (PSIS) administrative data with other administrative data on earnings. Statistics Canada has derived a series of annual indicators on the labour market outcomes of public postsecondary graduates including median employment income by educational qualification, field of study, age group and gender for Canada, the provinces and the territories combined.

Description:

This technical reference guide is intended for users of the Education and Labour Market Longitudinal Platform (ELMLP). The data for the products associated with this issue are derived from integrating Postsecondary Student Information System (PSIS) administrative data with other administrative data on earnings. Statistics Canada has derived a series of annual indicators on the labour market outcomes of public postsecondary graduates including median employment income by educational qualification, field of study, age group and sex for Canada, the provinces and the territories combined.

Description:

This fact sheet offers a concise overview of updated—new or modified—content for the 2021 Census of Population that is specific to the theme of education, labour, commuting, and Veterans, which includes the following topics: education, labour market conditions, commuting to work, and Veteran and military service. The changes considered for these topics are explained, along with the resulting approach for 2021.

Description:

This technical reference guide is intended for users of the Education and Labour Market Longitudinal Platform (ELMLP). The data for the products associated with this release are derived from integrating the Registered Apprenticeship Information System (RAIS) 2008 to 2017 data with other administrative data on earnings. Statistics Canada has derived a series of indicators on educational pathways and labour market outcomes for registered apprentices by select trades, cohorts of apprentices, by sex, for Canada, all provinces, the Atlantic region, and for grouped territories.

Description:

This technical reference guide is intended for users of the Education and Labour Market Longitudinal Platform (ELMLP). The data for the products associated with this release are derived from integrating the Registered Apprenticeship Information System (RAIS) with other administrative data on earnings. Statistics Canada has derived a series of indicators on educational pathways and labour market outcomes for registered apprentices by select trades, cohorts of apprentices, by sex, for Canada, all provinces, the Atlantic region, and for grouped territories.