Statistical methods
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Results
All (2,481)
All (2,481) (0 to 10 of 2,481 results)
- Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 19-20-0001Description: Documents in this series provide insight into the statistical methods used by Statistics Canada to produce official statistics. They include introductory material, in-depth descriptions of techniques and methods, best practices, and guidelines. All documents have undergone review to ensure that they conform to Statistics Canada's mandate and adhere to generally accepted methodological standards and practices.Release date: 2026-06-16
- Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 19-20-00012026003Description: This article provides nontechnical answers to questions related to the production, use and interpretation of advance indicators for Statistics Canada’s Monthly Survey of Manufacturing, Monthly Wholesale Trade Survey and Monthly Retail Trade Survey.Release date: 2026-06-16
- Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 19-20-00012026002Description: This reference document provides answers on selected topics related to the use, interpretation, and calculation of trend-cycle estimates for seasonally adjusted data. It is designed to complement more technical discussions of seasonal adjustment and trend-cycle estimation found in Statistics Canada publications and reference manuals.Release date: 2026-06-08
- Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202600500003Description: This spotlight article outlines practical methods for assessing the economic impacts of public programs delivered by federal agencies and Crown corporations. It summarizes key steps in conducting quantitative impact analysis, including data linkage, cohort construction and implementation of quasi causal estimators.Release date: 2026-05-27
- Journals and periodicals: 11-633-XDescription: Papers in this series provide background discussions of the methods used to develop data for economic, health, and social analytical studies at Statistics Canada. They are intended to provide readers with information on the statistical methods, standards and definitions used to develop databases for research purposes. All papers in this series have undergone peer and institutional review to ensure that they conform to Statistics Canada's mandate and adhere to generally accepted standards of good professional practice.Release date: 2026-05-27
- Journals and periodicals: 75F0002MDescription: This series provides detailed documentation on income developments, including survey design issues, data quality evaluation and exploratory research.Release date: 2026-05-20
- Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 19-20-00012026001Description: This reference document provides nontechnical answers on selected topics related to the use and interpretation of seasonally adjusted data. It is designed to complement more technical discussions of seasonal adjustment found in Statistics Canada publications and reference manuals.Release date: 2026-05-11
- Notices and consultations: 13-605-XDescription: This product contains articles related to the latest methodological, conceptual developments in the Canadian System of Macroeconomic Accounts as well as the analysis of the Canadian economy. It includes articles detailing new methods, concepts and statistical techniques used to compile the Canadian System of Macroeconomic Accounts. It also includes information related to new or expanded data products, provides updates and supplements to information found in various guides and analytical articles touching upon a broad range of topics related to the Canadian economy.Release date: 2026-05-04
- Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 11-633-X2026002Description: Recent changes in Canada’s immigration levels have heightened interest in understanding how immigration affects housing demand. This article develops a methodological framework for projecting housing use associated with permanent residents (PRs) and non-permanent residents (NPRs) under alternative immigration scenarios. The framework applies observed per capita housing use rates from the Census of Population to estimate incremental housing use by tenure over time.Release date: 2026-04-24
- Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 11-633-X2026001Description: This report defines key concepts related to area-level analysis and introduces area-level measures developed and utilized at Statistics Canada for health analysis. It also provides a decision-making framework and practical recommendations to help researchers select appropriate methods. The goal is to guide readers on when area-level analysis is appropriate and what type of area-level measure is suitable to achieve research objectives.Release date: 2026-03-05
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Data (10)
Data (10) ((10 results))
- Public use microdata: 89F0002XDescription: The SPSD/M is a static microsimulation model designed to analyse financial interactions between governments and individuals in Canada. It can compute taxes paid to and cash transfers received from government. It is comprised of a database, a series of tax/transfer algorithms and models, analytical software and user documentation.Release date: 2026-02-12
- Profile of a community or region: 46-26-0002Description: The National Address Register (NAR) is a list of commercial and residential addresses in Canada that are extracted from Statistics Canada's Building Register and deemed non-confidential.Release date: 2025-12-19
- Table: 89-26-0006Description: PASSAGES is an open-source dynamic microsimulation model aimed at supporting policy analysis and research relating to Canadian retirement income system outcomes at the individual and family level. The publicly available version includes a synthetic starting database, a model, and documentation. A confidential starting database is also available.Release date: 2025-03-12
- 4. Canadian Statistical Geospatial Explorer Hub ArchivedData Visualization: 71-607-X2020010Description: The Canadian Statistical Geospatial Explorer empowers users to discover geo enabled data holdings of Statistics Canada at various levels of geography including at the neighbourhood level. Users are able to visualize, thematically map, spatially explore and analyze, export and consume data in various formats. Users can also view the data superimposed on satellite imagery, topographic and street layers.Release date: 2024-08-21
- Table: 11-10-0074-01Geography: Census tractFrequency: OccasionalDescription:
The divergence index (D-index) describes the degree that families with different income levels are mixing together in neighbourhoods. It compares neighbourhood (census tract, CT) discrete income distributions to a base distribution, which is the income quintiles of the neighbourhood’s census metropolitan area (CMA).
Release date: 2020-06-22 - 6. Housing Data Viewer ArchivedData Visualization: 71-607-X2019010Description: The Housing Data Viewer is a visualization tool that allows users to explore Statistics Canada data on a map. Users can use the tool to navigate, compare and export data.Release date: 2019-10-30
- Table: 53-500-XDescription:
This report presents the results of a pilot survey conducted by Statistics Canada to measure the fuel consumption of on-road motor vehicles registered in Canada. This study was carried out in connection with the Canadian Vehicle Survey (CVS) which collects information on road activity such as distance traveled, number of passengers and trip purpose.
Release date: 2004-10-21 - Table: 13-220-XDescription: In the 1997 edition, new and revised benchmarks were introduced for 1992 and 1988. The indicators are used to monitor supply, demand and employment for tourism in Canada on a timely basis. The annual tables are derived using the National Income and Expenditure Accounts (NIEA) and various industry and travel surveys. Tables providing actual data and percentage changes, for seasonally adjusted current and constant price estimates are included. In addition, an analytical section provides graphs, and time series of first differences, percentage changes, and seasonal factors for selected indicators. Data are published from 1987 and the publication will be available on the day of release. New data are included in the demand tables for non-tourism commodities produced by non-tourism industries and in the employment tables covering direct tourism employment generated by non-tourism industries. This product was commissioned by the Canadian Tourism Commission to provide annual updates for the Tourism Satellite Account.Release date: 2003-01-08
- 9. Historical Statistics of Canada ArchivedTable: 11-516-XDescription:
The second edition of Historical statistics of Canada was jointly produced by the Social Science Federation of Canada and Statistics Canada in 1983. This volume contains about 1,088 statistical tables on the social, economic and institutional conditions of Canada from the start of Confederation in 1867 to the mid-1970s. The tables are arranged in sections with an introduction explaining the content of each section, the principal sources of data for each table, and general explanatory notes regarding the statistics. In most cases, there is sufficient description of the individual series to enable the reader to use them without consulting the numerous basic sources referenced in the publication.
The electronic version of this historical publication is accessible on the Internet site of Statistics Canada as a free downloadable document: text as HTML pages and all tables as individual spreadsheets in a comma delimited format (CSV) (which allows online viewing or downloading).
Release date: 1999-07-29 - 10. National Population Health Survey Overview ArchivedTable: 82-567-XDescription:
The National Population Health Survey (NPHS) is designed to enhance the understanding of the processes affecting health. The survey collects cross-sectional as well as longitudinal data. In 1994/95 the survey interviewed a panel of 17,276 individuals, then returned to interview them a second time in 1996/97. The response rate for these individuals was 96% in 1996/97. Data collection from the panel will continue for up to two decades. For cross-sectional purposes, data were collected for a total of 81,000 household residents in all provinces (except people on Indian reserves or on Canadian Forces bases) in 1996/97.
This overview illustrates the variety of information available by presenting data on perceived health, chronic conditions, injuries, repetitive strains, depression, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, consultations with medical professionals, use of medications and use of alternative medicine.
Release date: 1998-07-29
Analysis (2,037)
Analysis (2,037) (80 to 90 of 2,037 results)
- Articles and reports: 12-001-X202500100020Description: Carl-Erik Särndal’s essay on the challenges to the probability sample survey paradigm (or research tradition) quotes my 2014 article in this journal, which “impatiently” called for a move to a mixed data (or blended data) sources paradigm. I explain my intent not to downgrade probability surveys but to blend them with administrative records and other sources to improve data quality and relevance. The United States has made strides toward blended data since I wrote my article.Release date: 2025-06-30
- 82. Comments by J. Michael Brick on “Progress in survey science and practice: Yesterday-today-tomorrow”Articles and reports: 12-001-X202500100021Description: Survey science appears to be in a critical condition and its future direction is unclear. This paper diagnoses the situation and poses important questions to researchers and users of surveys. My discussion emphasizes the role of design in survey science and the implications of data collected without design considerations.Release date: 2025-06-30
- Articles and reports: 12-001-X202500100022Description: This article confronts survey science with important notions in philosophy of science: progress, paradigm, research tradition, research programmes. The article is conceptual and exploratory, rather than mathematical/technical. This is against a background where survey science must evolve in unfamiliar and challenging conditions. Society is changing. Survey nonresponse is high. Probability sampling surveys are in question, considered too expensive. Low cost alternative data sources - big data and others - must, in the opinion of some, be incorporated in statistics production at the national statistical offices. A lively research tradition has brought progress in survey science over more than one hundred years. The article recalls some of that progress and tries to foresee how the tradition may survive and face the coming decades.Release date: 2025-06-30
- Articles and reports: 12-001-X202500100023Description: This paper is an introduction to the eleven papers included in this special issue for the celebration of the 50th anniversary of the Survey Methodology Journal.Release date: 2025-06-30
- Articles and reports: 75F0002M2025003Description: This discussion paper outlines the proposed changes and updates for the 2023-base Market Basket Measure (MBM) methodology. The paper provides preliminary 2023-base thresholds and poverty rates for 2020 to 2023 and compares these to the 2018-base thresholds and poverty rates. In addition, the paper identifies research topics which will be conducted in preparation for the next comprehensive review and describes the necessary steps which will lead to a final 2023-base methodology planned for the Fall of 2025.Release date: 2025-05-01
- Articles and reports: 13-604-M2025001Description: This documentation outlines the methodology used to develop the Distributions of household economic accounts published in April 2025 for the reference years 2010 to 2024. It describes the framework and the steps implemented to produce distributional information aligned with the National Balance Sheet Accounts and other national accounts concepts. It also includes a report on the quality of the estimated distributions.Release date: 2025-04-14
- Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202500300002Description: Government programs are evaluated to measure their effectiveness. This article discusses the benefits of using Statistics Canada data combined with the data collected from the government program to provide a far more comprehensive evaluation than program data alone can offer. The article also summarizes a recent example of a program evaluation that benefited from Statistics Canada data and the expertise of Statistics Canada researchers in analyzing the data.Release date: 2025-03-26
- Articles and reports: 12-001-X202400200001Description: Cochran’s rule states that a standard (Wald) two-sided 95% confidence interval around a sample mean drawn from a population with positive skewness is reasonable when the sample size is greater than 25 times the square of the skewness coefficient of the population. We investigate whether a variant of this crude rule applies for a proportion estimated from a stratified simple random sample.Release date: 2024-12-20
- Articles and reports: 12-001-X202400200002Description: This paper investigates whether survey data quality fluctuates over the day. After laying out the argument theoretically, panel data from the Survey of Unemployed Workers in New Jersey are analyzed. Several indirect indicators of response error are investigated, including item nonresponse, interview completion time, rounding, and measures of the quality of time diary data. The evidence that we assemble for a time of day of interview effect is weak or nonexistent. Item nonresponse and the probability that interview completion time is among the 5% shortest appear to increase in the evening, but a more thorough assessment requires instrumental variables.Release date: 2024-12-20
- Articles and reports: 12-001-X202400200003Description: The optimum sample allocation in stratified sampling is one of the basic issues of survey methodology. It is a procedure of dividing the overall sample size into strata sample sizes in such a way that for given sampling designs in strata the variance of the stratified \pi estimator of the population total (or mean) for a given study variable assumes its minimum. In this work, we consider the optimum allocation of a sample, under lower and upper bounds imposed jointly on sample sizes in strata. We are concerned with the variance function of some generic form that, in particular, covers the case of the simple random sampling without replacement in strata. The goal of this paper is twofold. First, we establish (using the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker conditions) a generic form of the optimal solution, the so-called optimality conditions. Second, based on the established optimality conditions, we derive an efficient recursive algorithm, named RNABOX, which solves the allocation problem under study. The RNABOX can be viewed as a generalization of the classical recursive Neyman allocation algorithm, a popular tool for optimum allocation when only upper bounds are imposed on sample strata-sizes. We implement RNABOX in R as a part of our package stratallo which is available from the Comprehensive R Archive Network (CRAN) repository.Release date: 2024-12-20
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Reference (382)
Reference (382) (40 to 50 of 382 results)
- Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 99-011-XDescription:
This topic presents data on the Aboriginal peoples of Canada and their demographic characteristics. Depending on the application, estimates using any of the following concepts may be appropriate for the Aboriginal population: (1) Aboriginal identity, (2) Aboriginal ancestry, (3) Registered or Treaty Indian status and (4) Membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Data from the 2011 National Household Survey are available for the geographical locations where these populations reside, including 'on reserve' census subdivisions and Inuit communities of Inuit Nunangat as well as other geographic areas such as the national (Canada), provincial and territorial levels.
Analytical products
The analytical document provides analysis on the key findings and trends in the data, and is complimented with the short articles found in NHS in Brief and the NHS Focus on Geography Series.
Data products
The NHS Profile is one data product that provides a statistical overview of user selected geographic areas based on several detailed variables and/or groups of variables. Other data products include data tables which represent a series of cross tabulations ranging in complexity and are available for various levels of geography.
Release date: 2019-10-29 - Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 11-621-M2018105Description:
Statistics Canada needs to respond to the legalization of cannabis for non-medical use by measuring various aspects of the introduction of cannabis in the Canadian economy and society. An important part of measuring the economy and society is using statistical classifications. It is common practice with classifications that they are updated and revised as new industries, products, occupations and educational programs are introduced into the Canadian economy and society. This paper describes the changes to the various statistical classifications used by Statistics Canada in order to measure the introduction of legal non-medical cannabis.
Release date: 2019-07-24 - 43. Analytical Studies Branch Annual Consolidated Plan for Research, Data Development and Modelling, 2019/2020 ArchivedSurveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 11-633-X2019001Description:
The mandate of the Analytical Studies Branch (ASB) is to provide high-quality, relevant and timely information on economic, health and social issues that are important to Canadians. The branch strategically makes use of expert knowledge and a large range of statistical sources to describe, draw inferences from, and make objective and scientifically supported deductions about the evolving nature of the Canadian economy and society. Research questions are addressed by applying leading-edge methods, including microsimulation and predictive analytics using a range of linked and integrated administrative and survey data. In supporting greater access to data, ASB linked data are made available to external researchers and policy makers to support evidence-based decision making. Research results are disseminated by the branch using a range of mediums (i.e., research papers, studies, infographics, videos, and blogs) to meet user needs. The branch also provides analytical support and training, feedback, and quality assurance to the wide range of programs within and outside Statistics Canada.
Release date: 2019-05-29 - Notices and consultations: 75F0002M2019006Description:
In 2018, Statistics Canada released two new data tables with estimates of effective tax and transfer rates for individual tax filers and census families. These estimates are derived from the Longitudinal Administrative Databank. This publication provides a detailed description of the methods used to derive the estimates of effective tax and transfer rates.
Release date: 2019-04-16 - 45. Transition of Labour Force Survey Data Processing to the Social Survey Processing Environment (SSPE) ArchivedSurveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 75-005-M2019001Description:
The production of statistics from the Labour Force Survey (LFS) involves many activities, one of which is data processing. This step involves the verification and correction of survey data when required in order to produce microdata files. Beginning in January 2019, LFS processing will be transitioned to a new system, the Social Survey Processing Environment. This document describes the development and testing that preceded the implementation of the new system, and demonstrates that the transition is expected to have minimal impact on LFS estimates and be transparent to users of LFS data.
Release date: 2019-02-08 - Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 11-633-X2018019Description:
The Longitudinal Immigration Database (IMDB) is a comprehensive source of data that plays a key role in the understanding of the economic behaviour of immigrants. It is the only annual Canadian dataset that allows users to study the characteristics of immigrants to Canada at the time of admission and their economic outcomes and regional (inter-provincial) mobility over a time span of more than 30 years. The IMDB combines administrative files on immigrant admissions and non-permanent resident permits from Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) with tax files from the Canadian Revenue Agency (CRA). Information is available for immigrant taxfilers admitted since 1980. Tax records for 1982 and subsequent years are available for immigrant taxfilers. This report will discuss the IMDB data sources, concepts and variables, record linkage, data processing, dissemination, data evaluation and quality indicators, comparability with other immigration datasets, and the analyses possible with the IMDB.
Release date: 2018-12-10 - Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 11-633-X2018011Description:
The Longitudinal Immigration Database (IMDB) is a comprehensive source of data that plays a key role in the understanding of the economic behaviour of immigrants. It is the only annual Canadian dataset that allows users to study the characteristics of immigrants to Canada at the time of admission and their economic outcomes and regional (inter-provincial) mobility over a time span of more than 30 years. The IMDB combines administrative files on immigrant admissions and non-permanent resident permits from Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) with tax files from the Canadian Revenue Agency (CRA). Information is available for immigrant taxfilers admitted since 1980. Tax records for 1982 and subsequent years are available for immigrant taxfilers.
This report will discuss the IMDB data sources, concepts and variables, record linkage, data processing, dissemination, data evaluation and quality indicators, comparability with other immigration datasets, and the analyses possible with the IMDB.
Release date: 2018-01-08 - Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 71-526-XDescription:
The Canadian Labour Force Survey (LFS) is the official source of monthly estimates of total employment and unemployment. Following the 2011 census, the LFS underwent a sample redesign to account for the evolution of the population and labour market characteristics, to adjust to changes in the information needs and to update the geographical information used to carry out the survey. The redesign program following the 2011 census culminated with the introduction of a new sample at the beginning of 2015. This report is a reference on the methodological aspects of the LFS, covering stratification, sampling, collection, processing, weighting, estimation, variance estimation and data quality.
Release date: 2017-12-21 - Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 12-606-XDescription: This is a toolkit intended to aid data producers and data users external to Statistics Canada.Release date: 2017-09-27
- 50. Comparison of Place of Residence between the T1 Family File and the Census: Evaluation using record linkage ArchivedSurveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 91F0015M2017013Description:
Using records linkage, this article compares the place of residence in the 2011 Census to that of the 2010 T1 Family File (T1FF). The main result is that although the overall level of consistency in the place of residence is relatively high, it decreases, sometimes substantially, for some segments of the population.
Release date: 2017-09-26
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