Employment and unemployment

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Key indicators

Selected geographical area: Canada

Employment - Canada
(April 2024)

20,491,000

0.4%

(monthly change)
Unemployment rate - Canada
(April 2024)

6.1%

0.0 pts

(monthly change)

More employment and unemployment indicators

Selected geographical area: Canada

Average weekly earnings - Canada
(February 2024)

$1,232.44

4.5%

(12-month change)
Jobs held by males, environmental and clean technology products sector - Canada
(2021)

224,328 jobs
Jobs held by females, environmental and clean technology products sector - Canada
(2021)

89,929 jobs
Average hourly wage, environmental and clean technology products sector—full-time jobs - Canada
(2021)

51.47 dollars
Average hourly wage, environmental and clean technology products sector—part-time jobs - Canada
(2021)

33.97 dollars
Participation rate for the population aged 25 to 54 years - Canada
(2021 Census of Population)

85.6%
Percentage of immigrants in the labour force aged 25 to 54 years - Canada
(2021 Census of Population)

27.7%
Workers using more than one language regularly at work - Canada
(2021 Census of Population)

11.7%
Proportion of adults aged 25 to 54 years who worked full year full time in 2015 - Canada
(2016 Census of Population)

49.8%
Proportion of adults aged 65 years and over who worked full year full time in 2015 - Canada
(2016 Census of Population)

5.9%
% of workers using English or French at work - Canada
(2016 Census of Population)

99.2%
% of workers using more than one language at work - Canada
(2016 Census of Population)

15.4%

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Results

All (627)

All (627) (80 to 90 of 627 results)

81. Child care workers in Canada
Articles and reports: 75-006-X202100100005
Description:
This study uses data from the Census of Population and the Labour Force Survey (LFS) to examine the personal and job characteristics of child care workers and how some of these characteristics have changed over time. It also studies the changes in employment among child care workers since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Release date: 2021-06-25
82. International students as a source of labour supply: Transition to permanent residency
Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202100600002
Description:
International students are increasingly viewed as a promising pool of skilled individuals who can be tapped for participation in the Canadian labour market. This is a key motivating factor for providing international students with pathways to obtain permanent residency. This article documents the share of international students who became landed immigrants across various sociodemographic characteristics.
Release date: 2021-06-23
83. International students as a source of labour supply: Retention in their province of study
Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202100600003
Description:
The retention of international students in their province of study is increasingly being regarded as a potential source of skilled labour by regions seeking labour force growth. This article examines the retention of international students who completed their studies between 2010 and 2016 in their province of study after graduation.
Release date: 2021-06-23
84. Gender differences in employment one year into the COVID-19 pandemic: An analysis by industrial sector and firm size
Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202100500005
Description:
An important aspect of the impact of COVID-19 is its disproportional impact across gender. This Insights article proposes a year-over-year approach that compares employment from March 2020 to February 2021 to their March-2019-to-February-2020 counterparts. It uses the Labour Force Survey to study gender gaps patterns in employment by industrial sector (goods or services) and firm size.

Release date: 2021-05-26
85. Gendered impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the proportion of youth neither in employment nor education at the start of the school year
Articles and reports: 75-006-X202100100003
Description:
This article examines the period of September to October 2020, which signalled the beginning of new school year and also the start of the second wave of COVID-19 in Canada. It illuminates the decisions that youth (and, in the case of secondary students, their parents) made about their schooling, and how the combination of these possibly difficult decisions, with the unprecedented drops in youth employment, affected the proportion of youth who were that youth not in employment, education or training - NEET.

Release date: 2021-05-25
86. Diversity Among Board Directors and Officers: Exploratory Estimates on Family, Work and Income
Articles and reports: 11F0019M2021005
Description:
This study provides the first socioeconomic profile of women board directors and officers in Canada from an intersectional lens. Linking data from the Corporations Returns Act with those from the 2016 Census, exploratory estimates are presented. The study analyzes disparities in family, work and income characteristics, mainly by gender and visible minority status. Further, it informs on the types of businesses in which diverse women executives contribute to corporate governance and strategic decision making.

Release date: 2021-05-18
87. Are the gaps in labour market outcomes between immigrants and their Canadian-born counterparts starting to close?
Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202100400004
Description:
This study examines whether the gaps in the employment rates and weekly earnings between immigrants and Canadian-born individuals increased or decreased over the last two decades. Earlier studies have well documented the expanding earnings gap between new immigrant workers and their Canadian-born counterparts during the 1980s and 1990s. However, significant policy changes in immigration selection and settlement have been introduced since the early 2000s, and the employment rate and entry earnings among new immigrants have been improving in recent years. Little research has been undertaken to examine whether the earnings gap between new immigrant and Canadian-born workers has recently started to close.

Release date: 2021-04-28
88. One useful labour market indicator
Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202100300001
Description: Analysts often use the unemployment and labour force participation rates as key indicators of the dynamism—or lack thereof—of the labour market, while some analysts want to know what percentage of jobs are part-time or temporary, or what percentage of workers are self-employed. One labour market indicator summarizes the influence of these five factors: the percentage of the population holding a paid job that is full-time and permanent.
Release date: 2021-03-24
89. Workers’ responses to job loss when employment opportunities are scarce
Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202100200002
Description:
This Insights article examines the degree to which workers who lost their job in 2009 started a business, changed regions, went back to school or began a registered apprenticeship in 2010, the year following job loss. The analysis combines the 2001 Census of Population with Statistics Canada’s Longitudinal Worker File and Registered Apprenticeship Information System.

Release date: 2021-02-24
90. The changing nature of work in Canada amid recent advances in automation technology
Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202100100004
Description:
In recent years, technological advancements in artificial intelligence and machine learning have broadened the realm of tasks that have the potential to be accomplished through automation technology. Consequently, these developments have raised questions about the future of work. Debate on this issue has focused primarily on the risk of job loss attributable to automation, with less attention given to how automation may change the nature of workers’ jobs. This study employs a task-based approach that shifts the focus from job replacement to changes in the nature of Canadians’ work. This approach views occupations as a set of tasks, allowing researchers to assess the effects of automation in the context of changes in occupational tasks.
Release date: 2021-01-27

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Analysis (627)

Analysis (627) (30 to 40 of 627 results)

31. Inflationary pressures, wages and profits
Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202300600005
Description: The recent period of high inflation has prompted a number of studies examining its causes and consequences. Of particular interest if whether “greedflation”, the situation where businesses are taking the opportunity in a high inflationary environment to increase their prices above their underlying costs of production in order to garner higher profits. This article sheds light on this by investigating how labour costs (primarily wages and salaries), and non-labour costs (primarily returns to capital) are evolving relative to inflation.
Release date: 2023-06-28
32. Paid Employment, Self-employment and Gig Work in Administrative and Survey Data
Articles and reports: 11F0019M2023003
Description: This study combines survey and administrative data to examine the correspondence between paid-employment and self-employment activities reported in each of these data sources by the same individuals. The study also looks at the role of self-employment as a supplemental income source for individuals whose self-declared main labour market activity is wage employment.
Release date: 2023-06-06
33. Unemployment and job vacancies by education, 2016 to 2022
Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202300500001
Description: The increase in the number of job vacancies observed in Canada over the last few years has attracted considerable attention. This article provides new insights on this issue by comparing the number of job vacancies requiring a given education level with the number of unemployed individuals with such education.
Release date: 2023-05-24
34. Do university-educated immigrants recover economically from a slow start?
Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202300500003
Description: The selection of highly educated immigrants is based in part on the premise that they can better adapt to the labour market and will have, on average, better economic outcomes than less-educated immigrants. Earlier research indicates that this is the case. However, some university-educated immigrants have a slow start in the initial years after immigration. Little Canadian research has considered whether these immigrants eventually catch up with similarly educated immigrants who have early economic success. Likewise, it is unknown whether they outperform less-educated immigrants. Using the Longitudinal Immigration Database, this study looks at the long-term economic outcomes of university-educated economic principal applicant immigrants who immigrated at the ages of 20 to 44 during the period from 1990 to 2014 by their earnings level in the initial years after immigration.
Release date: 2023-05-24
35. Canadian regional labour statistics and inter-regional movements of paid workers, 2001 to 2021
Articles and reports: 13-605-X202300100003
Description: This paper focuses on the new regional labour statistics built based on the economic regions where people work. It reviews the methodology in creating these new experimental regional labour statistics. The data allow us to analyse regional labour markets as well as to track the flows of workers from one economic region to other regions.
This paper is the first that compares such statistics over an entire a decade (2010 with 2021) and investigates the extent that the COVID-19 pandemic restrictions affected employment and labour movements among regional economies.
Release date: 2023-05-18
36. Interjurisdictional employment in Canada, 2002 to 2019
Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202300300004
Description: This article presents an overview of interjurisdictional employment in Canada over the 2002-to-2019 period. Interjurisdictional employees are individuals who maintain their primary residence in their home province or territory while working outside this province or territory. The results are based on Statistics Canada’s Canadian Employer-Employee Dynamic Database and pertain to employees aged 18 or older earnings at least $1,000 in 2016 dollars within Canada.
Release date: 2023-03-22
37. Portrait of Women by the Relative Remoteness of their Communities, Series 4: Labour Characteristics
Articles and reports: 45-20-00022023001
Description: Using data from the 2016 Census of Population and the updated Remoteness Index Classification, this paper focuses on the employment and unemployment rates, full-time employment, representation in industries and occupations, and the employment income of women by the relative remoteness of their communities.
Release date: 2023-03-20
38. Labour market outcomes of Indigenous journeypersons in Canada
Articles and reports: 81-595-M2022001
Description: This study analyses the representation of First Nations people, Métis and Inuit journeypersons in the skilled trades population and their labour market outcomes in term of earnings comparatively to the rest of journeyperson population.
Release date: 2023-03-13
39. Measuring the value of women’s contribution to the Canadian economy: New insights based on recent work
Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202300200001
Description: Women play a key role in the Canadian economy as workers and entrepreneurs, and as providers of unpaid household work. Women are important contributors to the labour market. In this article, recent Statistics Canada research that focuses on improving our estimates of women’s contribution to the economy – through both paid and unpaid work – is summarized.
Release date: 2023-02-22
40. Patenting activity of women-owned businesses in Canada
Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202300200003
Description: This article examines the patenting activity of women-owned businesses and compares it to that of men- and equally-owned businesses, and businesses where gender of ownership cannot be determined. It adds to the literature on the gender gap in patenting, as most of it has focused on women as researchers or inventors, and not as business owners.
Release date: 2023-02-22

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Date modified:: 2024-05-23