Analysis

Description:

Labour productivity growth in the business sector in Canada started to decline in 2000, from 2.3% per year in the period from 1991 to 2000 to 1.0% per year in the period from 2000 to 2015. This paper examines how innovation, innovation diffusion across firms, and business dynamism affected the productivity slowdown.

Description: The manner in which Canadians conduct their daily activities can have a profound impact on their surroundings thereby compelling them to adapt their practices to be less harmful to the environment. This is even more of a reality for Canadian businesses as their operations are significant contributors to the amount of pollution and environmental pressures generated each year in Canada. For this reason, it is important to monitor the amount and the type of environmental protection that Canadian industry has undertaken over the years. The article highlights expenditures made by Canadian industry to protect the environment from industrial activities between 2006 and 2016. The main data source for this paper is the Environmental Protection Expenditures Survey (EPES), which is conducted every two years. Several graphs and a summary of findings are included.

Description:

This study is part of the movement in the literature that supposes that entrepreneurship is an important factor in economic development and growth. A company’s success or failure is largely determined by the quality of corporate decisions made by the entrepreneur. However, since business decisions are intangible, their impact on a company’s performance is difficult to measure. This analysis aims to quantify the impact of business decisions. To measure intangibles, indexes were developed to measure a company’s management practices and long-term strategic directions, much like those developed by Bloom and Van Reenen (2007) and Brouillette and Ershov (2014).

Description:

This infographic presents results from the Survey of Innovation and Business Strategy relating to the innovation rates of Canadian enterprises between 2015 and 2017. The innovation rates were measured for product, process, organizational and marketing innovation. Results are presented by region, economic activity and enterprise size.

Description:

This working paper profiles Canadian firms involved in the development and production of Bioproducts. It provides data on the number and types of Bioproducts firms in 2015, covering bioproducts revenues, research and development, use of biomass, patents, products, business practices and the impact of government regulations on the sector.

Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin

Description:

This Economic Insights article highlights notable changes in the pace and composition of industrial research and development (R&D) spending in Canada during the 2000-to-2013 period. The analysis is based on historical time series data that conclude with the publication of estimates for reference year 2013. New data on industrial R&D will be released in the coming months. These new survey results begin with estimates for reference year 2014 and reflect conceptual and methodological changes designed to enhance the scope and relevance of the program. Following the introduction of these changes, a study on the break in the time series will be conducted later in 2017. his article highlights trends in industrial R&D spending in advance of the upcoming release of the new data. The analysis underscores the extent to which support for higher R&D spending in more recent years has come from resource-based companies.

Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin

Description:

This paper asks whether research and development (R&D) drives the level of competitiveness required to successfully enter export markets and whether, in turn, participation in export markets increases R&D expenditures. Canadian non-exporters that subsequently entered export markets in the first decade of the 2000s are found to be not only larger and more productive, as has been reported for previous decades, but also more likely to have invested in R&D. Both extramural R&D expenditures (purchased from domestic and foreign suppliers) and intramural R&D expenditures (performed in-house) increase the ability of firms to penetrate export markets. Exporting also has a significant impact on subsequent R&D expenditures; exporters are more likely to start investing in R&D. Firms that began exporting increased the intensity of extramural R&D expenditures in the year in which exporting occurred.

Description:

This article provides information on women aged 25 to 64 in natural and applied science occupations in Canada (i.e. scientific occupations), using data from the 1991 and 2001 censuses and the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS). The employment conditions of men and women in these occupations are also examined, based on data from the Labour Force Survey (LFS).

Description:

Canada's economic competitiveness depends on scientific and technological development and also on the people responsible for this development, especially those engaged in R&D. In an earlier Science statistics bulletin, we published the gross domestic expenditures on R&D in Canada (GERD). This issue presents a supplementary measure to the GERD, the number of personnel who perform Canada's R&D activities.

Description:

This release contains estimates of total spending on research and development (R&D) in the health field in Canada. Tables demonstrate expenditures on health R&D by both performer and funder from 2004 to 2008 preliminary estimates.

Description:

Data on science and technology (S&T) expenditures and full-time equivalent personnel allocated to biotechnology for fiscal year 2007/2008 were collected from selected federal government departments and agencies. The biotechnology S&T data comprise expenditures on research and development (R&D) and related scientific activities (RSA) for both intramural and extramural performers and the full-time equivalent personnel associated with these activities.

Description:

This publication presents recent information on the performance and funding of Federal government expenditures on scientific activities, 2008/2009 (intentions). The statistics presented are derived from the survey of science and technology (S&T) activities of federal departments and agencies.

Description:

The information in this document is intended primarily to be used by scientific and technological (S&T) policy makers, both federal and provincial, largely as a basis for inter-provincial and inter-sectoral comparisons. The statistics are aggregates of the provincial government and provincial research organization science surveys conducted by Statistics Canada under contract with the provinces, and cover the period 2002/2003 to 2006/2007.

Description:

This service bulletin contains historical and current data on research and development (R&D) expenditures and personnel in Canada, by industry. In Canada, the industrial or business enterprise sector is the largest R&D performer.

Description:

The higher education sector is composed of all universities, colleges of technology and other institutes of postsecondary education, whatever their source of finance or legal status. It also includes all research institutes, experimental stations and clinics operating under the direct control of, or administered by, or associated with higher education establishments.

Description:

This release contains estimates of total spending on research and development (R&D) in the health field in Canada. Tables demonstrate expenditures on health R&D by both performer and funder from 1996 to 2007 preliminary estimates. Historical data indicates that in Canada, health R&D expenditures as a percentage of Gross Domestic Expenditures on Research and Development (GERD) are growing.

Description:

Data on science and technology (S&T) expenditures and full-time equivalent personnel allocated to biotechnology for fiscal year 2006/2007 were collected from selected federal government departments and agencies.The biotechnology S&T data comprise expenditures on research and development (R&D) and related scientific activities (RSA) for both intramural and extramural performers and the full-time equivalent personnel associated with these activities.

Description:

Canada's economic competitiveness depends on scientific and technological development and also on the people responsible for this development, especially those engaged in R&D. In an earlier Science statistics bulletin, we published the gross domestic expenditures on R&D in Canada (GERD). This issue presents a supplementary measure to the GERD, the number of personnel who perform Canada's R&D activities.

Description: This study examines the economic footprint created by the Canadian research and development pharmaceutical sector on the Canadian economy in 2021, including a focus on the contribution of Innovative Medicines Canada’s members. While the impact of the sector’s medical research is well known, less known are the economic impacts of the sector on the Canadian economy, such as the value generated, the jobs supported and the investments made.

Description: This article explores trends in patent applications made by Canadian-resident businesses for advanced technologies from 2001 to 2019, drawing on Eurostat's aggregation of high-tech patents. Approximately one-third of applications fall under high-tech categories, the bulk of which were associated with Communication, Computer, and Automated business equipment technologies. While these fields saw growth until 2012, a subsequent decline occurred, notably in Computer and Electronic Product Manufacturing. Biotechnology, Semiconductors, and Lasers showed limited dynamism, while aviation technology applications surged by nearly twentyfold over the period.

Description: This study compares the Government of Canada’s direct and indirect measures to support R&D, as captured by business innovation and growth support (BIGS) programs and the Scientific Research and Experimental Development (SR&ED) tax incentive program. BIGS and SR&ED are two central instruments that the Canadian government uses to stimulate R&D expenditures in the business sector.

Description: This study examined the impact of federal business innovation and growth support (BIGS) programs on firm financial performance measured using revenue, profit and employment metrics. Using Statistics Canada’s Business Linkable File Environment data, the study observed the effects of BIGS on exporting versus non-exporting firms and Canadian- versus U.S.-owned firms from 2015 to 2020. Unlike previous studies that relied mainly on survey data, one significant aspect of this research was the use of a new dataset, enabling panel data structures and models to be employed. To assess the impact of BIGS and research and development spending on three interrelated measures of firm financial performance, the CDM (Crépon et al., 1998) framework was adopted.

Description: This paper presents a profile of Canadian women inventors who patent in Canada, based on a rigorous matching methodology and a comprehensive linked dataset that allows examination of not only patent applications, but also various demographic and business characteristics associated with inventors. Using data on patent applications from the Canadian Intellectual Property Office, linked to the Canadian Employer–Employee Dynamics Database from 2005 to 2019, this research seeks to answer the following questions: Who are the women inventors in Canada? What are their demographic characteristics? In what types of businesses do they work? How many are entrepreneurs?

Description: This research study examines the economic impact of the semiconductor industry in Canada in 2020 as it relates to several economic concepts, such as sales and revenue, employment, research and development, and international trade. The study is based on a custom list of 561 firms in the industry provided by Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada.

Description: This analysis provides a first-ever snapshot of the businesses performing clean technology activities that have been funded by the federal government through Business Innovation and Growth Support (BIGS) programs.

Description: This article examines the patenting activity of women-owned businesses and compares it to that of men- and equally-owned businesses, and businesses where gender of ownership cannot be determined. It adds to the literature on the gender gap in patenting, as most of it has focused on women as researchers or inventors, and not as business owners.

Description: This study examines the economic footprint created by the Canadian research and development pharmaceutical sector on the Canadian economy in 2020, including a focus on the contribution of Innovative Medicines Canada’s members. While the impact of the sector’s medical research is well known, less known are the economic impacts of the sector on the Canadian economy, such as the value generated, the jobs supported and the investments made.

Description:

This paper provides an update to the work of Abbes et al. (2022a) and to the Canadian Patent Research Database (CPRD). The CPRD was created to study patenting, an important indicator of innovative activity, at the micro level.

Description:

This on-line report summarizes research and development (R&D) activities performed and funded by Canadian business enterprises and industrial research institutes and associations. The data are used, for instance, to plan and evaluate R&D tax incentive programs, to provide indicators of the state of industrial innovation and to complement national aggregates for scientific R&D expenditures and personnel. Among the topics covered are current and capital expenditures on research and development, energy R&D expenditures by area of technology, R&D expenditures as a percentage of company revenues, sources of funds for intramural R&D, personnel engaged in R&D, and foreign payments made and received for technological services. Most historical tables are presented for the latest five years and disaggregated by 46 industrial groupings, size of R&D program, employment size, revenue size, country of control, and by province.

Description:

This report provides statistical information of the federal government's activities in science and technology. It covers expenditures and person-years by type of science, performing sectors, provinces and federal departments and agencies. Technical notes, definitions, bibliography and subject index are included.

Description:

Presented in almanac style, the 2012 Canada Year Book contains more than 500 pages of tables, charts and succinct analytical articles on every major area of Statistics Canada's expertise. The Canada Year Book is the premier reference on the social and economic life of Canada and its citizens.

Description:

This series, which consists of about six issues per year, presents a variety of science and technology statistics. Each issue concerns a different topic, for example: research and development expenditures and personnel in business enterprises, science and technology expenditures and personnel in the federal government or provincial governments; and estimates of higher education expenditures on research and development.

Description:

Statistics Canada is engaged in the "Information System for Science and Technology Project" to develop useful indicators of activity and a framework to tie them together into a coherent picture of science and technology (S&T) in Canada. The working papers series is used to publish results of the different initiatives conducted within this project. The data are related to the activities, linkages and outcomes of S&T. Several key areas are covered such as: innovation, technology diffusion, human resources in S&T and interrelations between different actors involved in S&T. This series also presents data tabulations taken from regular surveys on research and development (R&D) and S&T and made possible by the project.

Description:

This annual publication is based on the Survey of Intellectual Property Commercialization in the Higher Education Sector which tracks the progress of innovation in this area.

The objective of the survey is to assure the availability of pertinent information to monitor science and technology related activities and to support the development of science and technology policy. The topic studied is intellectual property management at universities and affiliated teaching hospitals. The data are used to determine how to maximize the benefits resulting from public sector research. Data users include the federal and provincial governments and university administrators and researchers.

Description:

The bulletin summarizes and highlights new results in the analysis of science, technology and the information society. The articles cover current issues in science and technology activities, advanced technologies, innovation in industry and electronic media. The bulletin is designed to be easily readable by non-experts.

Description:

The Canada e-Book is an online version of the Canada Year Book with texts, tables, charts and audio clips that present the country's economic and social trends. The Canada e-Book illustrates Canada and Canadians under four broad headings: The Land, The People, The Economy, and The State. You will find a wealth of information on topics including the human imprint on the environment, population and demography, health, education, household and family life, labour force, arts and leisure, industries, finance, government and justice. All Canadians will enjoy this useful reference that helps explain the social, economic and cultural forces that shape our nation.

Description:

Statistics Canada is engaged in an Information System for Science and Technology Project which purpose is to develop useful indicators of activity and a framework to tie them together into a coherent picture of science and technology in Canada. This series publishes analytical work relating to science and technology issues. These documents relate to specific questions or complex analyses derived from survey results conducted at Statistics Canada. More speculative studies related to science and technology issues are also published.

Description:

This publication outlines a five-year strategic plan for the development of an information system for science and technology.