Employment and unemployment

Description: This study examines differences in employment rates between immigrants with disabilities and Canadian-born persons with disabilities, using pooled data from the Labour Force Survey (January 2022 to December 2024) and the supplementary Disability Labour Market Indicators. The analysis focuses on persons aged 18 to 64 years and compares employment rates across levels of education.

Description: Canadian passenger bus and urban transit industries, employment and compensation, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), annual.

Description: This interactive data visualization provides an overview of employment in rural Canada. The dashboard allows users to compare employment in different industries. Data can be visualized for Canada or for a selected province.

Description: Historical releases of employment and average weekly earnings (including overtime) for all employees by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), last 5 months.

Description: Historical releases of employment and average weekly earnings (including overtime) for all employees by province, territory and North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), last 5 months.

Description: Number of persons in the labour force (employment and unemployment) and not in the labour force, unemployment rate, participation rate, and employment rate, by gender and detailed age group.

Description: Number of persons in the labour force (employment and unemployment) and not in the labour force, unemployment rate, participation rate, and employment rate, by gender and detailed age group. Data are presented for 24 months earlier, 12 months earlier and current month, as well as 24-month and year-over-year level change and percentage change.

Description: Number of persons in the labour force (employment and unemployment) and not in the labour force, unemployment rate, participation rate, and employment rate, by educational attainment, gender and age group, monthly.

Description: Unemployment rate, participation rate, and employment rate by type of student during school months, gender and age group, monthly.

Description: Number of persons in the labour force (employment and unemployment) and unemployment rate, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), gender and age group.

Description: Canadian passenger bus and urban transit industries, employment and compensation, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), annual.

Description: This interactive data visualization provides an overview of employment in rural Canada. The dashboard allows users to compare employment in different industries. Data can be visualized for Canada or for a selected province.

Description: Historical releases of employment and average weekly earnings (including overtime) for all employees by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), last 5 months.

Description: Historical releases of employment and average weekly earnings (including overtime) for all employees by province, territory and North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), last 5 months.

Description: Number of persons in the labour force (employment and unemployment) and not in the labour force, unemployment rate, participation rate, and employment rate, by gender and detailed age group.

Description: Number of persons in the labour force (employment and unemployment) and not in the labour force, unemployment rate, participation rate, and employment rate, by gender and detailed age group. Data are presented for 24 months earlier, 12 months earlier and current month, as well as 24-month and year-over-year level change and percentage change.

Description: Number of persons in the labour force (employment and unemployment) and not in the labour force, unemployment rate, participation rate, and employment rate, by educational attainment, gender and age group, monthly.

Description: Unemployment rate, participation rate, and employment rate by type of student during school months, gender and age group, monthly.

Description: Number of persons in the labour force (employment and unemployment) and unemployment rate, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), gender and age group.

Description: Number of employees by class of worker, North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) and gender.

Description: In March 2020, child care provision in Canada was greatly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, and most provinces mandated the closure of child care centres, schools and family child care homes. This study examines the percentage of child care workers who claimed the Canada Emergency Response Benefit (CERB) and their characteristics. 

Description: Indigenous-owned businesses are a growing and important component of Canada’s economic landscape. These businesses not only contribute to entrepreneurship and community development but also serve as important sources of employment for Indigenous people. This study represents a novel contribution to the evidence base. Statistics Canada first helped close a critical data gap by developing a framework to identify Indigenous business owners and Indigenous-owned businesses. Building on that foundation, the present analysis extends the work to fill another gap, providing data on Indigenous employment within Indigenous-owned businesses.

Description: Persons with disabilities face disadvantages in employment, and these have implications for their well-being. The gap in employment between persons with and without disabilities is a widely used measure of inequality. This study examines gaps in educational attainment and employment between immigrants with and without disabilities, using data from the 2022 Canadian Survey on Disability.

Description: This paper looks at trends in employment and layoffs following the introduction of U.S. tariffs. It focusses on Canadian industries that are dependent on exports to the U.S. and compares these trends with industries that are less reliant on U.S. demand for goods.

Description: This report explores various population characteristics, workplace experiences and employment rates of persons with disabilities in 2017 and 2022 to investigate the changes that occurred during this period, and how these changes impacted various subgroups of persons with disabilities.

Description: This article uses annual data from the Job Vacancy and Wage Survey (JVWS) and the Labour Force Survey (LFS) to examine unmet labour demand in 2024 for health care occupations with a focus on specific occupations such as regulated nurses (including registered nurses and registered psychiatric nurses, nurse practitioners, and licensed practical nurses) and personal support workers. It provides an overview of job vacancy trends in healthcare over time in Canada as well as vacancy rates and offered wages for the selected occupations by regional remoteness.

Description: This study uses data from the 2017 and 2022 Canadian Survey on Disability to examine perceived labour market discrimination among persons with disabilities in Canada, drawing comparisons over time when possible. It sheds light on the characteristics of individuals who believe that they were refused a job interview, a job or a promotion as a result of their disability, and also examines whether these individuals considered themselves or believed that an employer would consider them to be disadvantaged in employment.

Description: Using data from the Labour Force Survey and the Survey of Employment, Payrolls and Hours, this study examines the impacts of tariff-related trade uncertainty on the Canadian labour market. The characteristics of jobs and workers most vulnerable to U.S. tariffs are explored. Impacts on employment in industries dependent on U.S. demand for Canadian exports, as well as Canadian regions with a higher share of jobs in industries dependent on U.S. demand, are also examined. In addition, this study uses adjusted concepts to compare the unemployment rates in Canada and the United States.

Description: Recently imposed tariffs on Canadian exports by the United States could reduce U.S. demand for Canadian products and, consequently, potentially lead to job losses in industries dependent on U.S. demand for Canadian exports. Although it is too early to know how workers in industries dependent on U.S. demand for Canadian exports might adapt to potential job losses, the purpose of this article is to examine historical patterns of their post-displacement labour market outcomes, which could yield valuable insights.

Description: Since 2010, engaging Canadians to participate in the LFS has become more challenging due to a variety of social and technological changes. The decline in the LFS response rate accelerated in 2020, exacerbated by public health measures during the COVID-19 pandemic. This technical paper presents preliminary results of two collection initiatives implemented using an online first strategy to improve the LFS response rates by confirming respondent contact information and expanding the availability of online response. Through these and other planned initiatives, Statistics Canada is working to ensure that the LFS estimates continue to provide an accurate and representative portrait of the Canadian labour market.

Description:

This report contains basic conceptual and data quality information to help users interpret and make use of census occupation data. It gives an overview of the collection, coding (to the 2001 National Occupational Classification), edit and imputation of the occupation data from the 2001 Census. The report describes procedural changes between the 2001 and earlier censuses, and provides an analysis of the quality level of the 2001 Census occupation data. Finally, it details the revision of the 1991 Standard Occupational Classification used in the 1991 and 1996 Censuses to the 2001 National Occupational Classification for Statistics used in 2001. The historical comparability of data coded to the two classifications is discussed. Appendices to the report include a table showing historical data for the 1991, 1996 and 2001 Censuses.

Description:

This report contains basic conceptual and data quality information intended to facilitate the use and interpretation of census industry data. It provides an overview of the industry processing cycle, including elements such as regional processing, edit and imputation, and the tabulation of error rates. A detailed explanation of the automated coding systems used in the 2001 Census is also documented, in addition to notable changes in the imputation procedures. The report concludes with summary tables that indicate the level of data quality in the 2001 Census industry data. Appendices to the report contain historical data going back to the 1971 Census.

Description:

This report contains basic conceptual and data quality information intended to facilitate the use and interpretation of census industry data. It provides an overview of the industry processing cycle, including elements such as regional processing, edit and imputation, and the tabulation of error rates. Notable changes in the industrial classification structure are discussed as well as differences in the coding procedures from the previous census (1996). The report concludes with summary tables that indicate the level of data quality in the 2001 Census industry data.

Description:

The Youth in Transition Survey (YITS) is a longitudinal survey designed to provide policy-relevant information about school-work transitions and factors influencing pathways. YITS will provide vehicle for future research and analysis of major transitions in young people's lives, particularly those between education, training and work. Information obtained from, and research based on, the survey will help clarify the nature and causes of short and long-term challenges young people face in school-work transitions and support policy planning and decision making to help prevent or remedy these problems.

Objectives of the Youth in Transition Survey were developed after an extensive consultation with stakeholders with an interest in youth and school-work transitions. Content includes measurement of major transitions in young people's lives including virtually all formal educational experiences and most labour-market experiences. Factors influencing transitions are also included family background, school experiences, achievement, aspirations and expectations, and employment experiences.

The implementation plan encompasses a longitudinal survey for each of two age cohorts, to be surveyed every two years. Data from a cohort entering at age 15 will permit analysis of long-term school-work transition patterns. Data from a cohort entering at ages18-20 will provide more immediate, policy-relevant information on young adults in the labour market.

Cycle one for the cohort aged 15 will include information collected from youth, their parents, and school principals. The sample design is a school-based frame that allows the selection of schools, and then individuals within schools. This design will permit analysis of school effects, a research domain not currently addressed by other Statistics Canada surveys. Methods of data collection include a self-completed questionnaire for youth and school principals, a telephone interview with parents, and assessment of youth competency in reading, science and mathematics as using self-completed test booklets provided under the integration of YITS with the OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA). A pilot survey was conducted in April 1999 and the main survey took place in April-May 2000. Interviews were conducted with 30,000 students aged 15 from 1,000 schools in Canada. A telephone interview with parents of selected students took place in June 2000.

The sample design for the cohort aged 18-20 is similar to that of the Labour-Force survey. The method of data collection is computer-assisted telephone interviewing. The pilot survey was conducted in January 1999. In January-February 2000, 23, 000 youth participated in the main survey data collection.

Data from both cohorts is expected to be available in 2001. Following release of the first international report by the OECD/PISA project and the first national report, data will be publically available, permitting detailed exploration of content themes.

Description:

This paper examines a new variable which would show whether a person's job is related to his or her postsecondary education. This variable would help to explain other characteristics measured in the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID), such as wages, supervisory roles, and job stability.

Description:

The employment/population ratio is a good barometer of the state of the economy and an important though little-used labour market indicator. This article takes a look at the ratio's strengths and limitations, as well as its variation since 1946. Provincial and international comparisons are included.

Description:

This paper examines the robustness of a measure of the average complete duration of unemployment in Canada to a host of assumptions used in its derivation. In contrast to the average incomplete duration of unemployment, which is a lagging cyclical indicator, this statistic is a coincident indicator of the business cycle. The impact of using a steady state as opposed to a non steady state assumption, as well as the impact of various corrections for response bias are explored. It is concluded that a non steady state estimator would be a valuable compliment to the statistics on unemployment duration that are currently released by many statistical agencies, and particularly Statistics Canada.

Description:

This paper presents an analysis of the questions in the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID) relating to supervision and management. It uses data collected in January 1993.

Description: The Standard Occupational Classification provides a systematic classification structure to identify and categorize the entire range of occupational activity in Canada. This up-to-date classification is based upon, and easily related to, the National Occupational Classification. It consists of 10 broad occupational categories which are subdivided into major groups, minor groups and unit groups. Definitions and occupational titles are provided for each unit group. An alphabetical index of the occupational titles classified to the unit group level is also included.

Description:

This study illustrates quarterly trends in unemployment rates based on alternative measures. By all of the indicators studies there was an overall increase in unemployment during the early 1990s.