Employment and unemployment
Key indicators |
Selected geographical area:Canada
-
21,140,0000.1%
(monthly change) -
6.5%-0.1 pts
(monthly change)
More employment and unemployment indicators
Selected geographical area:Canada
-
$1,345.793.8%
(12-month change) -
85.6%
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Percentage of immigrants in the labour force aged 25 to 54 years - Canada
(2021 Census of Population)27.7% -
11.7%
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Proportion of adults aged 25 to 54 years who worked full year full time in 2015 - Canada
(2016 Census of Population)49.8% -
Proportion of adults aged 65 years and over who worked full year full time in 2015 - Canada
(2016 Census of Population)5.9% -
99.2%
-
15.4%
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Subject
Type
Geography
Survey or statistical program
- Selected: Census of Population (616)
- Labour Force Survey (24)
- National Household Survey (15)
- Postsecondary Student Information System (8)
- Annual Income Estimates for Census Families and Individuals (T1 Family File) (6)
- Longitudinal Immigration Database (3)
- Canadian Employer-Employee Dynamics Database (3)
- Consumer Price Index (2)
- Corporations Returns Act (2)
- Vital Statistics - Birth Database (2)
- Census of Agriculture (2)
- Annual Demographic Estimates: Canada, Provinces and Territories (2)
- Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (2)
- National Graduates Survey (2)
- Survey of Employment, Payrolls and Hours (1)
- Quarterly Trucking Survey (1)
- Indigenous Peoples Survey (1)
- Survey of Work History (1)
- Survey of Union Membership (1)
- Labour Market Activity Survey (1)
- Longitudinal Administrative Databank (1)
- Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (1)
- Programme for International Student Assessment (1)
- Population projections on immigration and diversity for Canada and its regions (1)
- Job Vacancy and Wage Survey (1)
- General Social Survey: Canadians at Work and Home (1)
- Administrative Personal Income Masterfile (1)
Results
All (616)
All (616) (20 to 30 of 616 results)
- Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202400900001Description: Little is known about the workforce utilization of Canadian men with a nursing education, who accounted for 12% of people eligible to practise nursing in 2021 (Canadian Institute for Health Information, 2022). This article compares racialized and White men aged 25 to 64 years with a nursing education in terms of their skill utilization in the workforce.Release date: 2024-09-25
- Articles and reports: 11F0019M2024005Description: This study provides experimental estimates of the number and percentage of workers in Canada potentially susceptible to AI-related job transformation based on the complementarity-adjusted AI occupational exposure index.Release date: 2024-09-03
- Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202400800001Description: Investing in a postsecondary education is an important decision in the lives of young people, because it may lead to significantly higher lifetime earnings, which may vary substantially across different disciplines. The purpose of this short article is to present results for master’s degree graduates aged 25 to 34 collected on the 2021 Census of Population. Only individuals who worked during the census reference week (May 2 to 8, 2021) and who completed a Canadian master’s degree program are included.Release date: 2024-08-28
- Stats in brief: 11-627-M2024029Description: The infographic uses data from the integrated file of the Postsecondary Student Information System, the 2016 Census, the 2021 Census and the T1 Family File to compare the job quality of Indigenous graduates with a bachelor's degree with that of non-racialized and non-Indigenous graduates two years after graduation. Job quality indicators include employment income, unionization rate, and employer pension plan coverage rate.Release date: 2024-06-24
- Table: 98-10-0643-01Geography: Canada, Geographical region of Canada, Province or territory, Census metropolitan area, Census metropolitan area partFrequency: OccasionalUniverse: Persons in private households in occupied private dwellings, 2021 and 2016 censuses — 25% Sample dataVariable list: Highest certificate, diploma or degree (6A), Gender (3a), Age and first official language spoken (10), Immigrant and generation status (9), Visible minority (15), Labour force status (3A), Census year (2)Description: Labour force status by visible minority and selected characteristics (age group, gender, first official language spoken, immigrant status, period of immigration, generation status and highest certificate, diploma or degree), for the population aged 15 years and over in private households in Canada, geographical regions of Canada, provinces and territories and census metropolitan areas with parts.Release date: 2024-03-26
- Table: 98-10-0646-01Geography: Canada, Geographical region of Canada, Province or territory, Census metropolitan area, Census metropolitan area partFrequency: OccasionalUniverse: Persons in private households in occupied private dwellings, 2021 and 2016 censuses — 25% Sample dataVariable list: Highest certificate, diploma or degree (6A), Gender (3a), Age and first official language spoken (10), Immigrant and generation status (9), Visible minority (15), Percent, Census year (2)Description: Legislative and senior management occupations by visible minority and selected characteristics (age group, gender, first official language spoken, immigrant status, period of immigration, generation status, highest certificate, diploma or degree), for the population aged 15 years and over in private households in Canada, geographical regions of Canada, provinces and territories and census metropolitan areas with parts.Release date: 2024-03-26
- Table: 98-10-0648-01Geography: Canada, Geographical region of Canada, Province or territory, Census metropolitan area, Census metropolitan area partFrequency: OccasionalUniverse: Persons in private households in occupied private dwellings, 2021 and 2016 censuses — 25% Sample dataVariable list: Visible minority (15), Gender (3a), Age (6), First official language spoken (5), Immigrant and generation status (7), Census year (2), Youth not in employment, education or training (1)Description: Youth not in education, employment or training by visible minority and selected characteristics (age group, gender, first official language spoken, immigrant and generation status), for the population aged 15 to 29 years old in private households in Canada, geographical regions of Canada, provinces and territories and census metropolitan areas with parts.Release date: 2024-03-26
- Table: 98-10-0650-01Geography: Canada, Geographical region of Canada, Province or territory, Census metropolitan area, Census metropolitan area partFrequency: OccasionalUniverse: Persons in private households in occupied private dwellings, 2021, 2016 and 2011 censuses — 25% Sample dataVariable list: Highest certificate, diploma or degree and location of study (24), Gender (3a), Age (15A), First official language spoken (5), Immigrant and generation status (10), Occupation - (NOC) 2016 - Skill-level category (1), Census year (3), Visible minority (15)Description: Overqualification (based on skill level C and D) by visible minority and selected characteristics (age group, gender, first official language spoken, immigrant status, period of immigration, generation status and highest certificate, diploma or degree), for the population aged 15 years and over in private households in Canada, geographical regions of Canada, provinces and territories and census metropolitan areas with parts.Release date: 2024-03-26
- Articles and reports: 81-595-M2023005Description: Using a database that integrates anonymized data from the Postsecondary Student Information System (PSIS) with data from the 2016 Census, the 2021 Census and the T1 Family File (T1FF), this article will examine demographic characteristics of Indigenous graduates at the bachelor level, as well as certain job quality indicators, such as annual employment income level, unionization rate and pension plan coverage rate, at the beginning of their career, that is two years after graduating.Release date: 2024-02-21
- Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202301200002Description: Investing in a postsecondary education is one of the most important decisions made by people over their lifetime. Understanding the potential outcomes associated with specific postsecondary academic programs may help inform young people, but most of the available information focuses on earnings. While important, earnings say little about what postsecondary graduates are likely to do in their career, which may factor heavily in their decision-making process. This article presents the most prevalent jobs held by graduates of Canadian bachelor’s degree programs aged 25 to 34 using the 2021 Census of Population.Release date: 2023-12-21
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Data (520)
Data (520) (10 to 20 of 520 results)
- Table: 98-10-0648-01Geography: Canada, Geographical region of Canada, Province or territory, Census metropolitan area, Census metropolitan area partFrequency: OccasionalUniverse: Persons in private households in occupied private dwellings, 2021 and 2016 censuses — 25% Sample dataVariable list: Visible minority (15), Gender (3a), Age (6), First official language spoken (5), Immigrant and generation status (7), Census year (2), Youth not in employment, education or training (1)Description: Youth not in education, employment or training by visible minority and selected characteristics (age group, gender, first official language spoken, immigrant and generation status), for the population aged 15 to 29 years old in private households in Canada, geographical regions of Canada, provinces and territories and census metropolitan areas with parts.Release date: 2024-03-26
- Table: 98-10-0650-01Geography: Canada, Geographical region of Canada, Province or territory, Census metropolitan area, Census metropolitan area partFrequency: OccasionalUniverse: Persons in private households in occupied private dwellings, 2021, 2016 and 2011 censuses — 25% Sample dataVariable list: Highest certificate, diploma or degree and location of study (24), Gender (3a), Age (15A), First official language spoken (5), Immigrant and generation status (10), Occupation - (NOC) 2016 - Skill-level category (1), Census year (3), Visible minority (15)Description: Overqualification (based on skill level C and D) by visible minority and selected characteristics (age group, gender, first official language spoken, immigrant status, period of immigration, generation status and highest certificate, diploma or degree), for the population aged 15 years and over in private households in Canada, geographical regions of Canada, provinces and territories and census metropolitan areas with parts.Release date: 2024-03-26
- Table: 42-10-0055-01Geography: Canada, Province or territoryFrequency: OccasionalDescription: Number of persons employed as child care workers, early childhood educators and assistants, or home child care providers, Canada, provinces, territories.Release date: 2023-12-19
- Table: 98-10-0146-01Geography: Canada, Province or territoryFrequency: OccasionalUniverse: Population aged 17 and over who worked since 2020, in private households, 2021 Census — 25% Sample dataVariable list: Industry - Subsectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 (122), Occupation - Major group - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 (56), Work activity during the reference year (9), Age (15D), Gender (3), Statistics (3), Military service status (4A)Description: Data on military service status by industry subsectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017, occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021, work activity during the reference year, age and gender for the population aged 17 and over who worked since 2020, in private households, Canada, provinces and territories.Release date: 2023-11-15
- Table: 98-10-0485-01Geography: Canada, Province or territory, Census division, Census subdivisionFrequency: OccasionalUniverse: Population aged 15 years and over in private households, 2021 Census — 25% Sample dataVariable list: Age (15A), Labour force status (8), Gender (3)Description: Data on labour force status by age and gender for the population aged 15 years and over, in private households in Canada, provinces and territories, census divisions, and census subdivisions.Release date: 2023-11-15
- Table: 98-10-0486-01Geography: Census metropolitan area, Census agglomeration, Census tractFrequency: OccasionalUniverse: Population aged 15 years and over in private households, 2021 Census — 25% Sample dataVariable list: Age (15A), Labour force status (8), Gender (3)Description: Data on labour force status by age and gender for the population aged 15 years and over, in private households in census metropolitan areas, tracted census agglomerations and census tracts.Release date: 2023-11-15
- Table: 98-10-0590-01Geography: Canada, Province or territory, Census divisionFrequency: OccasionalUniverse: Population aged 15 years and over in private households, 2021 Census — 25% Sample dataVariable list: Occupation - TEER category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 (9A), Mobility status 5 years ago (9), Highest certificate, diploma or degree (7), Age (15A), Gender (3), Statistics (3), Labour force status (8)Description: Data on labour force status including employment, unemployment and labour force participation rates by occupation TEER (Training, Education, Experience and Responsibility) category, mobility status 5 years ago, highest level of education, age and gender, for the population aged 15 years and over in private households in Canada, provinces and territories, and census divisions.Release date: 2023-11-15
- Table: 98-10-0591-01Geography: Canada, Province or territory, Census divisionFrequency: OccasionalUniverse: Labour force aged 15 years and over in private households, 2021 Census — 25% Sample dataVariable list: Occupation - Minor group - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 (309A), Labour force status (3), Age (5A), Gender (3), Statistics (3), Class of worker including job permanency (16A)Description: Data on class of worker including job permanency by occupation minor group (4-digit code) from the National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021, labour force status, age and gender, for the labour force aged 15 years and over in private households in Canada, provinces and territories and census divisions.Release date: 2023-11-15
- Table: 98-10-0592-01Geography: Canada, Province or territory, Census divisionFrequency: OccasionalUniverse: Labour force aged 15 years and over in private households, 2021 Census — 25% Sample dataVariable list: Industry - Groups - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 (428A), Statistics (3), Labour force status (3), Age (15A), Gender (3), Class of worker (7A)Description: Data on class of worker by industry (4-digit code) from the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017, labour force status, age and gender, for the labour force aged 15 years and over, in private households in Canada, provinces and territories and census divisions.Release date: 2023-11-15
- Table: 98-10-0593-01Geography: Canada, Province or territory, Census metropolitan area, Census agglomeration, Census metropolitan area part, Census agglomeration partFrequency: OccasionalUniverse: Labour force aged 15 years and over in private households, 2021 Census — 25% Sample dataVariable list: Occupation - Unit group - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 (821A), Statistics (3), Labour force status (3), Age (15A), Gender (3), Class of worker (7A)Description: Data on class of worker by occupation unit groups (5-digit code) from the National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021, labour force status, age and gender, for the labour force aged 15 years and over, in private households in Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations with parts.Release date: 2023-11-15
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Analysis (87)
Analysis (87) (0 to 10 of 87 results)
- Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202600500004Description: This article provides a broad assessment of occupational match and associated earnings outcomes among immigrants admitted to Canada from 2010 to 2020. Using linked data from the Longitudinal Immigration Database and the 2021 Census, the study examines the extent to which recent immigrants work in occupations aligned with their intended occupation at admission, identifies the characteristics associated with occupational match, and analyzes the earnings implications of matching versus not matching into intended occupations.Release date: 2026-05-27
- Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202600300003Description: A central concern surrounding recent advances in generative artificial intelligence (AI) technologies is their potential to replace human labour, especially in the domain of content creation, such as the production of music, videos, images and text in the cultural industries. However, there is a lack of information regarding how AI may impact workers in these industries. This article attempts to fill this information gap by examining potential occupational exposure to and complementarity with AI in selected cultural industries in Canada.Release date: 2026-03-25
- Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202600100002Description: Indigenous-owned businesses are a growing and important component of Canada’s economic landscape. These businesses not only contribute to entrepreneurship and community development but also serve as important sources of employment for Indigenous people. This study represents a novel contribution to the evidence base. Statistics Canada first helped close a critical data gap by developing a framework to identify Indigenous business owners and Indigenous-owned businesses. Building on that foundation, the present analysis extends the work to fill another gap, providing data on Indigenous employment within Indigenous-owned businesses.Release date: 2026-01-28
- Stats in brief: 11-627-M2025046Description: There is a growing trend in the prevalence of activity limitations among both certified journeypersons and non-journeypersons between 2016 and 2021, with certified journeypersons experiencing this increase at a faster rate. In the context of the skilled trades, activity limitations can pose as a barrier for prospective journeypersons, and the possibility of worsening their condition can also pose as a motivating factor for them to leave an apprenticeship program and/or quit the skilled trades altogether. These points are of particular interest given the various reports on the incoming labour shortages in the skilled trades and the need to attract and retain journeypersons in the field to meet future demands.Release date: 2025-09-10
- Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202500800004Description: The Provincial Nominee Program (PNP) has admitted more immigrants than any other individual economic immigration program in most years since the mid-2010s. This article examines the occupational outcomes of recent provincial nominees (PNs) who obtained permanent residence in Canada one to five years prior to the 2021 Census. This is the fifth article in a series focusing on the PNP. It contributes to the series by examining several questions related to the occupational outcomes of PNs.Release date: 2025-08-27
- Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202500700001Description: Postsecondary education is a key element in developing a skilled workforce. International students are often seen as a potential source of labour supply beyond their temporary employment while studying. This study examines the alignment between the fields of study and occupations of immigrants with a postsecondary education who held study permits before becoming permanent residents from 2011 to 2021. It compares them with other immigrants who became permanent residents during the same period and Canadian-born postsecondary graduates.Release date: 2025-07-23
- Articles and reports: 75-006-X202500100006Description: Using data from the Labour Force Survey, this study examines employment trends in health occupations between 1998 and 2024. Data from the 2021 Census of Population are used to better understand the extent to which younger workers could replace those approaching retirement age. The role of immigration in mitigating the impacts of an aging health workforce is also explored.Release date: 2025-04-10
- Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202500200003Description: This study uses the 2021 Census of Population to answer the following questions: To what extent do immigrants contribute to the labour supply of data scientists in Canada? How do immigrant and Canadian-born data scientists differ in sociodemographic characteristics? And given the high demand for data scientists, are the earnings gaps between immigrants and Canadian-born individuals smaller relative to those among all workers?Release date: 2025-02-26
- Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202500100004Description: While a large body of research has identified several correlates of employee turnover, little is currently known regarding the degree to which employees who work in community care facilities for the elderly leave the nursing and residential care facilities subsector or the health care and social assistance sector in a given year. This study fills this information gap using data from the 2016 Census of Population integrated with Statistics Canada’s Longitudinal Worker File. Sample size limitations restricted the focus of the study to women, who represent the vast majority of employees who work in seniors’ homes.Release date: 2025-01-22
- Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202401000005Description: Workforce diversity, particularly the inclusion of women in leadership roles, significantly enhances business performance by improving financial outcomes such as return on assets, equity and sales. Studies show that having a greater number of women in top management positions not only drives profitability but also contributes to a more innovative and resilient corporate culture. This study, primarily using data from the 2021 Census of Population, examines the representation of women in middle and senior management positions in Canada, comparing their characteristics with those of their men counterparts.Release date: 2024-10-23
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Reference (9)
Reference (9) ((9 results))
- 1. Content changes for the 2026 Census of Population: Labour market activities, commuting and educationSurveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 98-20-00042026006Description: This fact sheet offers a summary of content changes for the 2026 Census specific to the following topics: labour market activities, commuting and education. The tested changes for each topic are explained, along with the resulting approach for 2026.Release date: 2025-07-04
- 2. Updated content for the 2021 Census of Population: Education, labour, commuting, and Veterans ArchivedSurveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 98-20-00012020004Description:
This fact sheet offers a concise overview of updated—new or modified—content for the 2021 Census of Population that is specific to the theme of education, labour, commuting, and Veterans, which includes the following topics: education, labour market conditions, commuting to work, and Veteran and military service. The changes considered for these topics are explained, along with the resulting approach for 2021.
Release date: 2020-07-20 - Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 97-559-GDescription: This guide focuses on the following topics: Labour market activity and Unpaid work.
Provides information that enables users to effectively use, apply and interpret data from the 2006 Census. Each guide contains definitions and explanations on census concepts, data quality and historical comparability. Additional information will be included for specific variables to help general users better understand the concepts and questions used in the census.
Release date: 2008-06-10 - Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 97-559-G2006003Description:
This guide focuses on the following topics: Labour market activity and Unpaid work.
Provides information that enables users to effectively use, apply and interpret data from the 2006 Census. Each guide contains definitions and explanations on census concepts, data quality and historical comparability. Additional information will be included for specific variables to help general users better understand the concepts and questions used in the census.
Release date: 2008-06-10 - Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 97-559-P2006003Description:
This guide focuses on the following topics: Labour market activity and Unpaid work.
Provides information that enables users to effectively use, apply and interpret data from the 2006 Census. Each guide contains definitions and explanations on census concepts. Additional information will be included for specific variables to help general users better understand the concepts and questions used in the census.
Release date: 2008-04-08 - 6. They're Here to Farm ArchivedSurveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 96-328-M2004022Geography: CanadaDescription:
This activity focuses on the contribution of immigrants to Canadian agriculture, highlighting which countries they come from and why, and what types of farms they prefer.
Release date: 2005-01-28 - Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 92-388-XDescription:
This report contains basic conceptual and data quality information to help users interpret and make use of census occupation data. It gives an overview of the collection, coding (to the 2001 National Occupational Classification), edit and imputation of the occupation data from the 2001 Census. The report describes procedural changes between the 2001 and earlier censuses, and provides an analysis of the quality level of the 2001 Census occupation data. Finally, it details the revision of the 1991 Standard Occupational Classification used in the 1991 and 1996 Censuses to the 2001 National Occupational Classification for Statistics used in 2001. The historical comparability of data coded to the two classifications is discussed. Appendices to the report include a table showing historical data for the 1991, 1996 and 2001 Censuses.
Release date: 2004-07-15 - Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 92-391-XDescription:
This report contains basic conceptual and data quality information intended to facilitate the use and interpretation of census industry data. It provides an overview of the industry processing cycle, including elements such as regional processing, edit and imputation, and the tabulation of error rates. A detailed explanation of the automated coding systems used in the 2001 Census is also documented, in addition to notable changes in the imputation procedures. The report concludes with summary tables that indicate the level of data quality in the 2001 Census industry data. Appendices to the report contain historical data going back to the 1971 Census.
Release date: 2004-06-02 - Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 92-389-XDescription:
This report contains basic conceptual and data quality information intended to facilitate the use and interpretation of census industry data. It provides an overview of the industry processing cycle, including elements such as regional processing, edit and imputation, and the tabulation of error rates. Notable changes in the industrial classification structure are discussed as well as differences in the coding procedures from the previous census (1996). The report concludes with summary tables that indicate the level of data quality in the 2001 Census industry data.
Release date: 2004-05-04