Employment and unemployment
Key indicators |
Selected geographical area:Canada
-
21,140,0000.1%
(monthly change) -
6.5%-0.1 pts
(monthly change)
More employment and unemployment indicators
Selected geographical area:Canada
-
$1,345.793.8%
(12-month change) -
85.6%
-
Percentage of immigrants in the labour force aged 25 to 54 years - Canada
(2021 Census of Population)27.7% -
11.7%
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Proportion of adults aged 25 to 54 years who worked full year full time in 2015 - Canada
(2016 Census of Population)49.8% -
Proportion of adults aged 65 years and over who worked full year full time in 2015 - Canada
(2016 Census of Population)5.9% -
99.2%
-
15.4%
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All (616)
All (616) (50 to 60 of 616 results)
- Table: 98-10-0425-01Geography: Canada, Province or territory, Census division, Census subdivisionFrequency: OccasionalUniverse: Population aged 15 years and over in private households, 2021 Census — 25% Sample dataVariable list: Highest certificate, diploma or degree (7), Statistics (3), Gender (3), Age (15A), Labour force status (8), Registered or Treaty Indian status (3), Indigenous identity (9)Description: Employment, unemployment and labour force participation rates of Indigenous populations by educational characteristics, for census divisions and large municipalities.Release date: 2023-10-04
- Table: 98-10-0436-01Geography: Canada, Province or territory, Census division, Census subdivisionFrequency: OccasionalUniverse: Population aged 15 years and over in private households, 2021 Census — 25% Sample dataVariable list: Highest certificate, diploma or degree (7), Statistics (3), Gender (3), Age (15A), Labour force status (8), Immigrant status (4), Visible minority (15)Description: Employment, unemployment and labour force participation rates of visible minority groups by educational characteristics, for census divisions and large municipalities.Release date: 2023-10-04
- Table: 98-10-0441-01Geography: Canada, Province or territory, Census metropolitan area, Census agglomeration, Census metropolitan area part, Census agglomeration partFrequency: OccasionalUniverse: Immigrant population admitted between 1980 and 2021 in private households, 2021 Census — 25% Sample dataVariable list: Highest certificate, diploma or degree (16), Gender (3), Age (15A), Labour force status (8), Period of immigration (7), Location of study (5), Admission category and applicant type (7)Description: Employment, unemployment and labour force participation rates of immigrants by educational characteristics, with admission category (for example, economic immigrant, family-class or refugee).Release date: 2023-10-04
- Table: 98-10-0442-01Geography: Canada, Province or territoryFrequency: OccasionalUniverse: Population aged 15 years and over in private households, 2021 Census — 25% Sample dataVariable list: Highest certificate, diploma or degree (16), Gender (3), Age (15A), Labour force status (8), Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 (63), Location of study (5), Immigrant status and period of immigration (11)Description: Employment, unemployment and labour force participation rates of immigrants (with period of immigration) by educational characteristics.Release date: 2023-10-04
- Articles and reports: 75-006-X202300100009Description: Using data from the 2021 Census, this study examines educational attainment and earnings of the Canadian-born Black population, focusing on three groups: i) those with at least one African-born parent (African-origin); ii) those with at least one Caribbean-born parent (Caribbean-origin); and iii) those whose parents were both born in Canada (Canadian-origin).Release date: 2023-08-22
- Stats in brief: 11-627-M2023048Description: This infographic analyzes three different Canadian-born Black populations: those with at least one parent born in Africa, those with at least one parent born in the Caribbean, and those with both parents born in Canada. It looks at how educational attainment differs between the three different Canadian-born Black populations, and how education along with other factors contributes to earnings differences between the different Black populations and between Black and non-Indigenous non-racialized populations.Release date: 2023-08-22
- Table: 98-10-0295-01Geography: Canada, Province or territoryFrequency: OccasionalUniverse: Population aged 15 years and over in private households, 2021 Census — 25% Sample dataVariable list: Membership in a First Nation or Indian band (610), Registered or Treaty Indian status (3), Residence on or off reserve (3), Age (15A), Gender (3), Statistics (3), Labour force status (8)Description: Membership in a First Nation or Indian band, labour force status, Registered or Treaty Indian status, residence on or off reserve, age and gender for the population in private households.Release date: 2023-06-21
- Table: 98-10-0367-01Geography: Canada, Province or territory, Census metropolitan area, Census metropolitan area partFrequency: OccasionalUniverse: Population aged 15 years and over who worked since 2020, in private households, 2021 Census — 25% Sample dataVariable list: Mobility status 5 years ago (9), Occupation - Major group - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 (56), Highest certificate, diploma or degree (15), Language used most often at work (9), Age (6B), First official language spoken (5)Description: Data on first official language spoken by mobility status 5 years ago, language used most often at work, occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021, highest certificate, diploma or degree and age for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since 2020, in private households of Canada, provinces and territories and census metropolitan areas with parts.Release date: 2023-06-21
- Table: 98-10-0400-01Geography: Canada, Province or territory, Census division, Census subdivisionFrequency: OccasionalUniverse: Population aged 15 years and over in private households, 2021 Census — 25% Sample dataVariable list: Highest certificate, diploma or degree (16), Statistics (3), Gender (3), Age (15A), Labour force status (8)Description: Employment, unemployment and labour force participation rates by highest certificate, diploma or degree, for census divisions and municipalities.Release date: 2023-06-21
- Table: 98-10-0401-01Geography: Canada, Province or territory, Census metropolitan area, Census agglomeration, Census metropolitan area part, Census agglomeration partFrequency: OccasionalUniverse: Population aged 15 years and over in private households, 2021 Census — 25% Sample dataVariable list: Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 (500), Labour force status (8), Age (15A), Highest certificate, diploma or degree (16), Gender (3)Description: Employment, unemployment and labour force participation rates by detailed major field of study.Release date: 2023-06-21
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Data (520)
Data (520) (20 to 30 of 520 results)
- Table: 98-10-0594-01Geography: Canada, Province or territory, Census metropolitan area, Census agglomeration, Census metropolitan area part, Census agglomeration partFrequency: OccasionalUniverse: Labour force aged 15 years and over in private households, 2021 Census — 25% Sample dataVariable list: Occupation - Minor group - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 (309A), Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 (23A), Age (5A), Gender (3), Statistics (3), Labour force status (3)Description: Data on labour force status by occupation minor group (4-digit code) from the National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021, industry sectors (2-digit code) from the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017, age and gender, for the labour force aged 15 years and over in private households in Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations with parts.Release date: 2023-11-15
- Table: 98-10-0595-01Geography: Canada, Province or territory, Census metropolitan area, Census agglomeration, Census metropolitan area part, Census agglomeration partFrequency: OccasionalUniverse: Population aged 15 years and over in private households, 2021 Census — 25% Sample dataVariable list: Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 (23A), Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 (13A), Income statistics (17), Age (5A), Statistics (3), Work activity during the reference year (9)Description: Data on work activity during the reference year by industry sector (2-digit code) from the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017, occupation broad category (1-digit code) from the National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021, income statistics and age, for the population aged 15 years and over in private households in Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations with parts.Release date: 2023-11-15
- Table: 98-10-0596-01Geography: Canada, Province or territory, Census metropolitan area, Census metropolitan area partFrequency: OccasionalUniverse: Population aged 15 years and over in private households, 2021 Census — 25% Sample dataVariable list: Labour market related income groups (24), Occupation - Sub-major group - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 (147A), Age (15A), Gender (3), Statistics (3), Work activity during the reference year (9)Description: Data on work activity during the reference year by labour market related income groups, occupation sub-major groups (3-digit code) from the National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021, age and gender, for the population aged 15 years and over, in private households in Canada, provinces and territories and census metropolitan areas with parts.Release date: 2023-11-15
- Table: 98-10-0598-01Geography: Canada, Province or territory, Census metropolitan area, Census agglomeration, Census metropolitan area part, Census agglomeration partFrequency: OccasionalUniverse: Population aged 15 years and over with weeks worked in 2020 and employment income in 2020, in private households, 2021 Census — 25% Sample dataVariable list: Industry - Subsectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 (122), Class of worker including job permanency (14), Work activity during the reference year (4), Age (5A), Gender (3), Statistics (3), Employment income statistics (7A)Description: Data on employment income statistics by industry subsectors (3-digit code) from the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017, class of worker including job permanency, work activity during the reference year, age and gender, for the population aged 15 years and over who reported weeks worked and employment income in 2020 in private households in Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations with parts.Release date: 2023-11-15
- Table: 98-10-0600-01Geography: Canada, Province or territoryFrequency: OccasionalUniverse: Employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households, 2021 Census — 25% Sample dataVariable list: Industry - Groups - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 (426), Admission category and applicant type (8), Immigrant status and period of immigration (11), Age (5A), Gender (3), Statistics (3), Class of worker including job permanency (14)Description: Data on class of worker including job permanency by industry (4-digit code) from the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017, immigrant status and period of immigration, admission category and applicant type, age and gender, for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households in Canada, provinces and territories.Release date: 2023-11-15
- Table: 98-10-0601-01Geography: Canada, Province or territory, Census divisionFrequency: OccasionalUniverse: Population aged 15 years and over in private households, 2021 Census — 25% Sample dataVariable list: Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 (13A), Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 (23A), Work activity during the reference year (9), Statistics (3), Individual low-income status (10)Description: Data on individual low-income and poverty status by occupation broad category (1-digit code) from the National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021, industry sector (2-digit code) from the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017, and work activity during the reference year for the population aged 15 years and over in private households in Canada, provinces and territories, and census divisions.Release date: 2023-11-15
- Table: 98-10-0404-01Geography: Canada, Province or territoryFrequency: OccasionalUniverse: Population aged 15 years and over in private households, 2021 Census — 25% Sample dataVariable list: Occupation - Unit group - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 (821A), Age (2), Highest certificate, diploma or degree (16), Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 (500), Gender (3)Description: Detailed occupational distribution by detailed field of study, for provinces and territories.Release date: 2023-10-04
- Table: 98-10-0422-01Geography: Canada, Province or territory, Census division, Census subdivisionFrequency: OccasionalUniverse: Population aged 15 years and over in private households, 2021 Census — 25% Sample dataVariable list: Indigenous identity (9), Statistics (3), Gender (3), Age (15A), Labour force status (8), Registered or Treaty Indian status (3), Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate (3)Description: Data on Indigenous populations with high school diploma or equivalency certificate, for census divisions and large municipalities.Release date: 2023-10-04
- Table: 98-10-0425-01Geography: Canada, Province or territory, Census division, Census subdivisionFrequency: OccasionalUniverse: Population aged 15 years and over in private households, 2021 Census — 25% Sample dataVariable list: Highest certificate, diploma or degree (7), Statistics (3), Gender (3), Age (15A), Labour force status (8), Registered or Treaty Indian status (3), Indigenous identity (9)Description: Employment, unemployment and labour force participation rates of Indigenous populations by educational characteristics, for census divisions and large municipalities.Release date: 2023-10-04
- Table: 98-10-0436-01Geography: Canada, Province or territory, Census division, Census subdivisionFrequency: OccasionalUniverse: Population aged 15 years and over in private households, 2021 Census — 25% Sample dataVariable list: Highest certificate, diploma or degree (7), Statistics (3), Gender (3), Age (15A), Labour force status (8), Immigrant status (4), Visible minority (15)Description: Employment, unemployment and labour force participation rates of visible minority groups by educational characteristics, for census divisions and large municipalities.Release date: 2023-10-04
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Analysis (87)
Analysis (87) (0 to 10 of 87 results)
- Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202600500004Description: This article provides a broad assessment of occupational match and associated earnings outcomes among immigrants admitted to Canada from 2010 to 2020. Using linked data from the Longitudinal Immigration Database and the 2021 Census, the study examines the extent to which recent immigrants work in occupations aligned with their intended occupation at admission, identifies the characteristics associated with occupational match, and analyzes the earnings implications of matching versus not matching into intended occupations.Release date: 2026-05-27
- Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202600300003Description: A central concern surrounding recent advances in generative artificial intelligence (AI) technologies is their potential to replace human labour, especially in the domain of content creation, such as the production of music, videos, images and text in the cultural industries. However, there is a lack of information regarding how AI may impact workers in these industries. This article attempts to fill this information gap by examining potential occupational exposure to and complementarity with AI in selected cultural industries in Canada.Release date: 2026-03-25
- Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202600100002Description: Indigenous-owned businesses are a growing and important component of Canada’s economic landscape. These businesses not only contribute to entrepreneurship and community development but also serve as important sources of employment for Indigenous people. This study represents a novel contribution to the evidence base. Statistics Canada first helped close a critical data gap by developing a framework to identify Indigenous business owners and Indigenous-owned businesses. Building on that foundation, the present analysis extends the work to fill another gap, providing data on Indigenous employment within Indigenous-owned businesses.Release date: 2026-01-28
- Stats in brief: 11-627-M2025046Description: There is a growing trend in the prevalence of activity limitations among both certified journeypersons and non-journeypersons between 2016 and 2021, with certified journeypersons experiencing this increase at a faster rate. In the context of the skilled trades, activity limitations can pose as a barrier for prospective journeypersons, and the possibility of worsening their condition can also pose as a motivating factor for them to leave an apprenticeship program and/or quit the skilled trades altogether. These points are of particular interest given the various reports on the incoming labour shortages in the skilled trades and the need to attract and retain journeypersons in the field to meet future demands.Release date: 2025-09-10
- Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202500800004Description: The Provincial Nominee Program (PNP) has admitted more immigrants than any other individual economic immigration program in most years since the mid-2010s. This article examines the occupational outcomes of recent provincial nominees (PNs) who obtained permanent residence in Canada one to five years prior to the 2021 Census. This is the fifth article in a series focusing on the PNP. It contributes to the series by examining several questions related to the occupational outcomes of PNs.Release date: 2025-08-27
- Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202500700001Description: Postsecondary education is a key element in developing a skilled workforce. International students are often seen as a potential source of labour supply beyond their temporary employment while studying. This study examines the alignment between the fields of study and occupations of immigrants with a postsecondary education who held study permits before becoming permanent residents from 2011 to 2021. It compares them with other immigrants who became permanent residents during the same period and Canadian-born postsecondary graduates.Release date: 2025-07-23
- Articles and reports: 75-006-X202500100006Description: Using data from the Labour Force Survey, this study examines employment trends in health occupations between 1998 and 2024. Data from the 2021 Census of Population are used to better understand the extent to which younger workers could replace those approaching retirement age. The role of immigration in mitigating the impacts of an aging health workforce is also explored.Release date: 2025-04-10
- Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202500200003Description: This study uses the 2021 Census of Population to answer the following questions: To what extent do immigrants contribute to the labour supply of data scientists in Canada? How do immigrant and Canadian-born data scientists differ in sociodemographic characteristics? And given the high demand for data scientists, are the earnings gaps between immigrants and Canadian-born individuals smaller relative to those among all workers?Release date: 2025-02-26
- Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202500100004Description: While a large body of research has identified several correlates of employee turnover, little is currently known regarding the degree to which employees who work in community care facilities for the elderly leave the nursing and residential care facilities subsector or the health care and social assistance sector in a given year. This study fills this information gap using data from the 2016 Census of Population integrated with Statistics Canada’s Longitudinal Worker File. Sample size limitations restricted the focus of the study to women, who represent the vast majority of employees who work in seniors’ homes.Release date: 2025-01-22
- Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202401000005Description: Workforce diversity, particularly the inclusion of women in leadership roles, significantly enhances business performance by improving financial outcomes such as return on assets, equity and sales. Studies show that having a greater number of women in top management positions not only drives profitability but also contributes to a more innovative and resilient corporate culture. This study, primarily using data from the 2021 Census of Population, examines the representation of women in middle and senior management positions in Canada, comparing their characteristics with those of their men counterparts.Release date: 2024-10-23
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Reference (9)
Reference (9) ((9 results))
- 1. Content changes for the 2026 Census of Population: Labour market activities, commuting and educationSurveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 98-20-00042026006Description: This fact sheet offers a summary of content changes for the 2026 Census specific to the following topics: labour market activities, commuting and education. The tested changes for each topic are explained, along with the resulting approach for 2026.Release date: 2025-07-04
- 2. Updated content for the 2021 Census of Population: Education, labour, commuting, and Veterans ArchivedSurveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 98-20-00012020004Description:
This fact sheet offers a concise overview of updated—new or modified—content for the 2021 Census of Population that is specific to the theme of education, labour, commuting, and Veterans, which includes the following topics: education, labour market conditions, commuting to work, and Veteran and military service. The changes considered for these topics are explained, along with the resulting approach for 2021.
Release date: 2020-07-20 - Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 97-559-GDescription: This guide focuses on the following topics: Labour market activity and Unpaid work.
Provides information that enables users to effectively use, apply and interpret data from the 2006 Census. Each guide contains definitions and explanations on census concepts, data quality and historical comparability. Additional information will be included for specific variables to help general users better understand the concepts and questions used in the census.
Release date: 2008-06-10 - Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 97-559-G2006003Description:
This guide focuses on the following topics: Labour market activity and Unpaid work.
Provides information that enables users to effectively use, apply and interpret data from the 2006 Census. Each guide contains definitions and explanations on census concepts, data quality and historical comparability. Additional information will be included for specific variables to help general users better understand the concepts and questions used in the census.
Release date: 2008-06-10 - Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 97-559-P2006003Description:
This guide focuses on the following topics: Labour market activity and Unpaid work.
Provides information that enables users to effectively use, apply and interpret data from the 2006 Census. Each guide contains definitions and explanations on census concepts. Additional information will be included for specific variables to help general users better understand the concepts and questions used in the census.
Release date: 2008-04-08 - 6. They're Here to Farm ArchivedSurveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 96-328-M2004022Geography: CanadaDescription:
This activity focuses on the contribution of immigrants to Canadian agriculture, highlighting which countries they come from and why, and what types of farms they prefer.
Release date: 2005-01-28 - Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 92-388-XDescription:
This report contains basic conceptual and data quality information to help users interpret and make use of census occupation data. It gives an overview of the collection, coding (to the 2001 National Occupational Classification), edit and imputation of the occupation data from the 2001 Census. The report describes procedural changes between the 2001 and earlier censuses, and provides an analysis of the quality level of the 2001 Census occupation data. Finally, it details the revision of the 1991 Standard Occupational Classification used in the 1991 and 1996 Censuses to the 2001 National Occupational Classification for Statistics used in 2001. The historical comparability of data coded to the two classifications is discussed. Appendices to the report include a table showing historical data for the 1991, 1996 and 2001 Censuses.
Release date: 2004-07-15 - Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 92-391-XDescription:
This report contains basic conceptual and data quality information intended to facilitate the use and interpretation of census industry data. It provides an overview of the industry processing cycle, including elements such as regional processing, edit and imputation, and the tabulation of error rates. A detailed explanation of the automated coding systems used in the 2001 Census is also documented, in addition to notable changes in the imputation procedures. The report concludes with summary tables that indicate the level of data quality in the 2001 Census industry data. Appendices to the report contain historical data going back to the 1971 Census.
Release date: 2004-06-02 - Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 92-389-XDescription:
This report contains basic conceptual and data quality information intended to facilitate the use and interpretation of census industry data. It provides an overview of the industry processing cycle, including elements such as regional processing, edit and imputation, and the tabulation of error rates. Notable changes in the industrial classification structure are discussed as well as differences in the coding procedures from the previous census (1996). The report concludes with summary tables that indicate the level of data quality in the 2001 Census industry data.
Release date: 2004-05-04