Employment and unemployment

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Key indicators

Selected geographical area: Canada

Employment - Canada
(April 2024)

20,491,000

0.4%

(monthly change)
Unemployment rate - Canada
(April 2024)

6.1%

0.0 pts

(monthly change)

More employment and unemployment indicators

Selected geographical area: Canada

Average weekly earnings - Canada
(February 2024)

$1,232.44

4.5%

(12-month change)
Jobs held by males, environmental and clean technology products sector - Canada
(2021)

224,328 jobs
Jobs held by females, environmental and clean technology products sector - Canada
(2021)

89,929 jobs
Average hourly wage, environmental and clean technology products sector—full-time jobs - Canada
(2021)

51.47 dollars
Average hourly wage, environmental and clean technology products sector—part-time jobs - Canada
(2021)

33.97 dollars
Participation rate for the population aged 25 to 54 years - Canada
(2021 Census of Population)

85.6%
Percentage of immigrants in the labour force aged 25 to 54 years - Canada
(2021 Census of Population)

27.7%
Workers using more than one language regularly at work - Canada
(2021 Census of Population)

11.7%
Proportion of adults aged 25 to 54 years who worked full year full time in 2015 - Canada
(2016 Census of Population)

49.8%
Proportion of adults aged 65 years and over who worked full year full time in 2015 - Canada
(2016 Census of Population)

5.9%
% of workers using English or French at work - Canada
(2016 Census of Population)

99.2%
% of workers using more than one language at work - Canada
(2016 Census of Population)

15.4%

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Results

All (626)

All (626) (50 to 60 of 626 results)

51. Unmasking differences in women's full-time employment
Articles and reports: 75-006-X202200100009
Description:
Full-time employment is an integral part of current financial well-being and can be linked to several other positive outcomes for workers. Using data from the Labour Force Survey, this article analyzes how women's full-time employment rates evolved from 2007 to 2021. It examines the extent to which aggregate statistics on full-time employment mask the distinct experiences of diverse groups of women-namely Indigenous, immigrant and Canadian-born women.

Release date: 2022-09-26
52. Differences in tenure status and feelings of fairness in hiring and promotions among male and female faculty in Canadian universities
Articles and reports: 75-006-X202200100007
Description:
This study uses 2019 data from the University and College Academic Staff System to examine gender differences in tenure status among faculty in Canadian universities. It also uses the Survey of Postsecondary Faculty and Researchers to examine feelings of fairness in hiring and promotions.

Release date: 2022-09-01
53. Employer responses to labour shortages
Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202200700001
Description:
As the labour market recovers from the COVID-19 pandemic, it is imperative to assess which strategies Canadian employers plan to use over the next few months to cope with labour scarcity. This study documents the strategies that private sector businesses expecting labour shortages at the beginning of 2022 plan to use during that year to deal with personnel recruitment, retention and training. The study also investigates the degree to which businesses’ plans to offer telework and flexible scheduling varies across industries.

Release date: 2022-07-27
54. The value of unpaid childcare and paid employment by gender: What are the impacts of the low-fee universal childcare program?
Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202200700003
Description:
This paper presents an estimate of unpaid childcare, other unpaid household activities, and paid employment in Canadian provinces for the period from 1998 to 2015. The estimate is then used to assess the effects of the low-cost childcare program launched in Quebec in 1997 on paid employment and to examine the contribution of unpaid childcare and other unpaid household activities to wellbeing and welfare in Canada.

Release date: 2022-07-27
55. Entering postsecondary education after job loss: Family-level considerations
Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202200600003
Description:
Every year, thousands of Canadian workers lose their job. The opportunities for coping with job loss through postsecondary education (PSE) transitions might be unequally distributed across Canadian families, perhaps even more so than across Canadian workers. Using data from Statistics Canada’s Longitudinal Worker File (LWF), the T1 Family File (T1FF), the Post-Secondary Information System (PSIS), and the 2006 Census of Population, this study quantifies the degree to which the likelihood of entering PSE or a new field of study after job loss varies, all else equal, across types of family units and, among dual-earner couples, with the earnings or the risk of job loss of the spouse.

Release date: 2022-06-22
56. Discrimination at work, 2016
Articles and reports: 14-28-0001202000100005
Description:
In the publication Quality of Employment in Canada, the Discrimination at work indicator is the number of persons who worked at any time in the previous 12 months and who report experiencing discrimination or unfavourable treatment while at work over this period. The estimate is expressed as the proportion of all persons who worked at some point during the previous 12 months.

Release date: 2022-05-30
57. Multiple jobholders, 1976 to 2021
Articles and reports: 14-28-0001202000100011
Description:
In the publication Quality of Employment in Canada, the Multiple jobholder indicator is the number of employed persons who reported holding more than one job simultaneously during the reference week of the survey, expressed as a percentage of all employed persons.

Release date: 2022-05-30
58. Employment rate of mothers and fathers, 1976 to 2021
Articles and reports: 14-28-0001202000100012
Description:
In the publication Quality of Employment in Canada, the Employment rate of mothers and fathers indicator is the percentage of mothers and fathers who are in employment.

Release date: 2022-05-30
59. Relationships with co-workers, 2016
Articles and reports: 14-28-0001202000100018
Description:
In the publication Quality of Employment in Canada, the relationship with co-workers indicator is the proportion of employees who report that their colleagues or co-workers often or always help and support them.

Release date: 2022-05-30
60. Relationship with supervisor, 2016
Articles and reports: 14-28-0001202000100019
Description:
In the publication Quality of Employment in Canada, the Relationship with supervisor indicator is the proportion of employees who report that their supervisor often or always helps and supports them.

Release date: 2022-05-30

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Analysis (626)

Analysis (626) (0 to 10 of 626 results)

1. Quality of employment among First Nations people living off reserve and Métis, 2022
Articles and reports: 41-20-00022024002
Description: This article uses 12 months of data from the Labour Force Survey (LFS) and LFS supplement for 2022, and the 2016 General Social Survey on Canadians at Work and Home to explore several quality of employment indicators based on Statistics Canada's Statistical Framework on Quality of Employment among the core working age First Nations people living off reserve and Métis (18 to 64 years), in the 10 provinces.
Release date: 2024-04-30
2. Employment by choice and necessity among Canadian-born and immigrant seniors
Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202400400002
Description: Many seniors work past their mid-60s for various reasons. Some find it necessary to keep working because of inadequate retirement savings, mortgage payments, unforeseen expenses, or the responsibility to support children and other family members in Canada or abroad. Others choose to work to provide a sense of personal fulfillment, stay active and remain engaged. This article uses data from the Labour Force Survey (LFS) and examines the degree to which Canadian-born and immigrant seniors aged 65 to 74 worked by choice or necessity in 2022.
Release date: 2024-04-24
3. Retention and recruitment of young skilled workers: Results by province and territory
Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202400400003
Description: Since Canada is a vast country with diverse job opportunities available in various locations, some provinces and territories may face challenges and opportunities in retaining and attracting young skilled talent. This article is the first to inform the issue by determining the share of youth who grew up in a certain province or territory and eventually obtained a postsecondary education but left to work in another province or territory. The article also looks at young skilled workers who entered a province or territory to work, as a share of that province or territory’s initial population of homegrown young skilled labour.
Release date: 2024-04-24
4. Temporary foreign workers in primary agriculture in Canada: Transition from temporary residency to permanent residency and industry retention after transition
Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202400300001
Description: The agricultural sector in Canada has relied increasingly on temporary foreign workers (TFWs) to fill the longstanding labour shortage. The number of TFWs in crop production, animal production and aquaculture, and support activities for crop and animal production more than tripled between 2005 and 2020. This study examines the transition to permanent residency (PR) of TFWs in primary agriculture and the retention in the sector among those who obtained PR. The study focuses on TFWs whose first employment was in primary agriculture and who entered the sector between 2005 and 2020.
Release date: 2024-03-27
5. Foreign workers in Canada: Labour force attachment among temporary residents with paid employment in 2019
Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202400300005
Description: Temporary residents constitute an important supply of labour for the Canadian economy. However, some of them do not work in a given year, even when holding a valid work permit. This article estimates the share of temporary residents who had paid employment but were “weakly attached” to the Canadian labour market in 2019.
Release date: 2024-03-27
6. Immigration and the shifting occupational distribution in Canada, 2001 to 2021
Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202400300006
Description: Research generally supports the idea that technological change has favoured the demand for workers in occupations requiring higher levels of education and skills and negatively affected employment in occupations requiring lower skill levels. This article assesses the changes over the past two decades in the occupational skill level of employment in Canada, with a focus on the role of immigration in the changing occupational structure.
Release date: 2024-03-27
7. The socioeconomic portrait of the Indigenous farm population in Canada, 2021
Articles and reports: 96-325-X202100100020
Description: Indigenous Peoples are an integral part of the farm population and have been contributing to the agricultural landscape of what is now Canada for many centuries before the arrival of settlers. This article provides a socioeconomic portrait of the Indigenous farm population, touching on population changes, gender, age, education, type of farming activity and income.
Release date: 2024-03-07
8. The improvement in the labour market outcomes of recent immigrants since the mid-2010s
Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202400200004
Description: Several factors may have contributed to the improved labour market outcomes for recent immigrants since the mid-2010s, such as the expansion of the two-step immigration selection process and the introduction of the Express Entry system in 2015. This article presents updated analyses regarding the employment and earnings outcomes of recent immigrants. It also discusses factors that might influence these outcomes in the near term.
Release date: 2024-02-28
9. Early career quality of employment of Indigenous graduates with a bachelor’s degree, 2010 to 2018 cohorts
Articles and reports: 81-595-M2023005
Description: Using a database that integrates anonymized data from the Postsecondary Student Information System (PSIS) with data from the 2016 Census, the 2021 Census and the T1 Family File (T1FF), this article will examine demographic characteristics of Indigenous graduates at the bachelor level, as well as certain job quality indicators, such as annual employment income level, unionization rate and pension plan coverage rate, at the beginning of their career, that is two years after graduating.
Release date: 2024-02-21
10. Ensuring that the Labour Force Survey Remains the Cornerstone of Canada’s Labour Market Information Ecosystem
Articles and reports: 75-005-M2024001
Description: From 2010 to 2019, the Labour Force Survey (LFS) response rate – or the proportion of selected households who complete an LFS interview – had been on a slow downward trend, due to a range of social and technological changes which have made it more challenging to contact selected households and to persuade Canadians to participate when they are contacted. These factors were exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, which resulted in the suspension of face-to-face interviewing between April 2020 and fall 2022. Statistics Canada is committed to restoring LFS response rates to the greatest extent possible. This technical paper discusses two initiatives that are underway to ensure that the LFS estimates continue to provide an accurate and representative portrait of the Canadian labour market.
Release date: 2024-02-16

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Date modified:: 2024-05-19