Employment and unemployment

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Key indicators

Selected geographical area: Canada

Employment - Canada
(August 2024)

20,536,000

0.1%

(monthly change)
Unemployment rate - Canada
(August 2024)

6.6%

0.2 pts

(monthly change)

More employment and unemployment indicators

Selected geographical area: Canada

Average weekly earnings - Canada
(June 2024)

$1,252.85

4.0%

(12-month change)
Jobs held by men, environmental and clean technology products sector - Canada
(2022)

233,296
Jobs held by women, environmental and clean technology products sector - Canada
(2022)

94,210
Average hourly wage, environmental and clean technology products sector—full-time jobs - Canada
(2022)

$54.12
Average hourly wage, environmental and clean technology products sector—part-time jobs - Canada
(2022)

$36.93
Participation rate for the population aged 25 to 54 years - Canada
(2021 Census of Population)

85.6%
Percentage of immigrants in the labour force aged 25 to 54 years - Canada
(2021 Census of Population)

27.7%
Workers using more than one language regularly at work - Canada
(2021 Census of Population)

11.7%
Proportion of adults aged 25 to 54 years who worked full year full time in 2015 - Canada
(2016 Census of Population)

49.8%
Proportion of adults aged 65 years and over who worked full year full time in 2015 - Canada
(2016 Census of Population)

5.9%
% of workers using English or French at work - Canada
(2016 Census of Population)

99.2%
% of workers using more than one language at work - Canada
(2016 Census of Population)

15.4%

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Results

All (640)

All (640) (70 to 80 of 640 results)

71. Multiple jobholders, 1976 to 2021
Articles and reports: 14-28-0001202000100011
Description:
In the publication Quality of Employment in Canada, the Multiple jobholder indicator is the number of employed persons who reported holding more than one job simultaneously during the reference week of the survey, expressed as a percentage of all employed persons.

Release date: 2022-05-30
72. Employment rate of mothers and fathers, 1976 to 2021
Articles and reports: 14-28-0001202000100012
Description:
In the publication Quality of Employment in Canada, the Employment rate of mothers and fathers indicator is the percentage of mothers and fathers who are in employment.

Release date: 2022-05-30
73. Relationships with co-workers, 2016
Articles and reports: 14-28-0001202000100018
Description:
In the publication Quality of Employment in Canada, the relationship with co-workers indicator is the proportion of employees who report that their colleagues or co-workers often or always help and support them.

Release date: 2022-05-30
74. Relationship with supervisor, 2016
Articles and reports: 14-28-0001202000100019
Description:
In the publication Quality of Employment in Canada, the Relationship with supervisor indicator is the proportion of employees who report that their supervisor often or always helps and supports them.

Release date: 2022-05-30
75. Do aging baby boomers work more than earlier generations?
Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202200400001
Description:
Baby boomers are on average living longer and healthier, and thus are capable of working more years than earlier generations. The feasibility of working in older ages is further improved as the economic structure continues to shift from manufacturing to the service sector and knowledge-based employment that provide jobs with less physical strain. Whether retirement-age baby boomers will have a higher level of labour force participation (LFP) than earlier generations will have a large impact on their economic well-being and on the overall labour supply in Canada within a decade or so. Using the Labour Force Survey (LFS) between January 1976 and December 2021, this article compares baby boomers and earlier generations in LFP.

Release date: 2022-04-28
76. International students as a source of labour supply: A summary of recent trends
Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202200300001
Description:
This Spotlight on data and research article provides a summary of findings from six articles released in Economic and Social Reports in 2021 and 2022 looking at different aspects on the subject of International students as a source of labour supply: Transition to permanent residence; Retention in province of study; The growth of international students and their changing socio-demographic characteristics; Engagement in the labour market during the period of study; Engagement in the labour market after graduation; and Pre-immigration study in Canada and post-immigration earnings.

Release date: 2022-03-23
77. Youth unemployment in Canada, Germany, Ireland, and the United Kingdom in times of COVID-19
Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202200300003
Description:
From the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, there were widespread concerns about young people’s labour market prospects. This article describes the COVID-19 youth economic activity and health monitor (YEAH) project at University College London (UCL) in collaboration with Statistics Canada and other institutes in Europe, which is aimed to shed light on this area by examining the pandemic’s impacts on the dynamics of youth employment and well-being.

Release date: 2022-03-23
78. Immigrant labour market outcomes during recessions: Comparing the early 1990s, late 2000s and COVID-19 recessions
Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202200200003
Description:
The labour market outcomes of recently arrived immigrants are often more negatively affected during recessions than those of the Canadian-born. Entering the labour market during a recession may also result in “scarring” effects for both immigrants and Canadian-born workers—the notion that the effects of entering a labour market during a period of high unemployment persists years into the future. However, the severity and characteristics of recessions vary significantly and may affect immigrants’ outcomes differently. This paper compares immigrants’ outcomes during the past three recessions.

Release date: 2022-02-23
79. International students as a source of labour supply: Engagement in the labour market after graduation
Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202101200002
Description:
The number of international students has grown considerably worldwide, primarily from developing countries to Western developed countries. In recent years, Canada has led other major Western countries in the growth of international students. The opportunity for international students to work in Canada after graduation and to potentially become permanent residents, and ultimately Canadian citizens, is considered a draw factor for prospective international students. When international students decide to stay and work in Canada after graduation, one of the main avenues to do so is through the Post-Graduation Work Permit Program (PGWPP). This article examines the trends in the number and share of international students participating in the PGWPP and the share of PGWP holders with employment income and their earnings levels. The transitions of PGWP holders to permanent residency are also examined.

Release date: 2022-01-18
80. International students as a source of labour supply: Engagement in the labour market during the period of study
Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202101100001
Description:
While the primary reason for international students being in Canada is for study purposes, they may also participate in the labour market. Increases over the past two decades in the number of international students, alongside programs designed to facilitate their availability to work while studying, parallel a growing role played by this population in the Canadian labour market. This article assesses the extent to which international students who intended to study at the postsecondary level were engaged in the labour market.

Release date: 2021-11-24

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Analysis (640)

Analysis (640) (30 to 40 of 640 results)

31. The Provincial Nominee Program: Retention in province of landing
Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202301100002
Description: The Provincial Nominee Program (PNP) is designed to contribute to a more equitable distribution of new immigrants across Canada. A related objective is the retention and integration of provincial nominees in the nominating province or territory. This article is the second in a series that examines the characteristics and labour market outcomes of PNP immigrants and examines the retention of PNP immigrants at both the national and provincial or territorial levels. The analysis uses data from the Immigrant Landing File and tax records, along with three indicators of retention, to measure the propensity of a province or territory to retain immigrants.
Release date: 2023-11-22
32. Labour market participation of parents with young children
Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202301100003
Description: As the low-fee early learning and child care system will be implemented nationwide over the next few years, knowledge about employment patterns for families with young children during recent years can be used as a baseline on parental labour market participation prior to the implementation of Canada-wide early learning and child care. Using Labour Force Survey data, this study analyzed recent trends in the labour market participation of parents with children aged 0 to 5 and labour market characteristics of working and non-working parents with young children in 2021.
Release date: 2023-11-22
33. Employment situations and child care arrangements after mothers’ return to work following parental leave
Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202301100005
Description: Since the late 2000s, most Canadian mothers who were working before childbirth or adoption have intended to return to work after parental leave. Whether mothers return to the same employer after childbirth is important in understanding their wages and career trajectories. This article examines whether mothers’ employment situations and child care arrangements after returning to work differed between two cohorts of mothers from 2009 and 2019.
Release date: 2023-11-22
34. Chipping away at economic growth: Jobs, gross domestic product, and research in the semiconductor industry
Articles and reports: 11-621-M2023016
Description: This research study examines the economic impact of the semiconductor industry in Canada in 2020 as it relates to several economic concepts, such as sales and revenue, employment, research and development, and international trade. The study is based on a custom list of 561 firms in the industry provided by Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada.
Release date: 2023-11-10
35. Postsecondary educational attainment and labour market outcomes among Indigenous peoples in Canada, findings from the 2021 Census
Articles and reports: 75-006-X202300100012
Description: This study uses data from the 2021 Census to report on postsecondary educational attainment and labour market outcomes among Indigenous adults aged 25 to 64 years. As First Nations people, Métis and Inuit are more likely to live in certain regions, which can impact their participation in both education and the labour market, the article pays particular attention to patterns in educational attainment and employment among those residing in remote areas, on reserve, and communities across Inuit Nunangat.
Release date: 2023-10-27
36. Foreign workers in Canada: Work permit holders versus employment income records, 2010 to 2022
Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202301000003
Description: As the role of temporary foreign workers in Canada’s labour market has grown in significance, it has become essential to accurately measure their numbers for informing policy decisions. Two data sources have often been used to determine the number of temporary foreign workers: data on work permit holders released by Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada and data based on tax administrative files that identify temporary residents with earnings. This article aims to evaluate the benefits and limitations of these two data sources and compare the trends in the number of temporary foreign workers derived from them.
Release date: 2023-10-25
37. Foreign workers in Canada: Changing composition and employment incidences of work permit holders
Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202301000004
Description: Canada has a long history of recruiting foreign nationals to address temporary labour shortages through a diverse range of work permit programs. Along with a significant increase in the number of work permit holders, there have been large changes in the composition of this population in terms of work permit programs and demographic characteristics. This article aims to examine recent changes in the composition of work permit programs and the proportion of work permit holders reporting employment income.
Release date: 2023-10-25
38. Education and earnings of Canadian-born Black populations
Articles and reports: 75-006-X202300100009
Description: Using data from the 2021 Census, this study examines educational attainment and earnings of the Canadian-born Black population, focusing on three groups: i) those with at least one African-born parent (African-origin); ii) those with at least one Caribbean-born parent (Caribbean-origin); and iii) those whose parents were both born in Canada (Canadian-origin).
Release date: 2023-08-22
39. From high school, into postsecondary education and on to the labour market
Articles and reports: 81-595-M2023004
Description: This fact sheet provides metrics on how young Canadians move from largely compulsory secondary education, into and through their postsecondary experiences and finally onto the labour market. It brings together the latest indicators that can provide insight into these pathways.
Release date: 2023-07-28
40. The changing nature of work since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic
Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202300700003
Description: Before the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, rapid advances in automation and artificial intelligence were often featured in discussions around the changing nature of work. The concern, which is still present today, centred around the possibility that machines and robots could perform certain tasks more efficiently than humans. The purpose of this study is to update the trends in the changing nature of work with new data covering the pandemic period (up to and including 2022).
Release date: 2023-07-26

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Date modified:: 2024-09-20