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All (135) (0 to 10 of 135 results)

1. Labour productivity measurement at Statistics Canada
Articles and reports: 13-605-X202400100003
Description: The document focuses on the evolution of Statistics Canada's labour productivity program, tracing its historical background, outlining its structure, as well as detailing the methodology and data sources used. It then discusses the diverse applications of provincial productivity data, identifies key users of productivity statistics, and highlights essential considerations for their interpretation. Finally, the document addresses the review process for quarterly and annual productivity measures and recent program improvements.
Release date: 2024-06-05
2. The post-2001 productivity growth divergence between Canada and the United States: The role of the information and cultural services industry
Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202301200006
Description: Canada and the United States share a deep economic relationship that contributes to most measures of their economic performances having a tight common trend over the long term. However, a notable exception is the increasing disparity in labour productivity growth between the two nations. This article summarizes recent research by Statistics Canada, focusing on the information and cultural services industry and how its competitive intensity relative to the United States has influenced the Canada-U.S. labour productivity growth gap since 2001.
Release date: 2023-12-21
3. Real production and real income growth over the COVID-19 pandemic
Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202300400004
Description: The COVID-19 pandemic affected the Canadian economy in numerous ways, one of which was changing the relationship between growth in production, and changes in real consumption and real gross fixed capital formation (GFCF). Typically, real consumption and real GFCF are expected to progress similarly to real gross domestic product (GDP), however during the period covered by the COVID-19 pandemic, real consumption and real GFCF grew at a stronger pace than real GDP. This article illustrates how examining real income rather than real production can address this paradox. Specifically, the roles of changes in production (the use of capital, labour and multifactor productivity used to produce real GDP) and changes in non-production sources of real income growth (the trading gain and net income from abroad) are examined.
Release date: 2023-05-08
4. Real wages and productivity during the COVID-19 pandemic
Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202201000002
Description:
Rising wages and prices have characterized 2021 and 2022. Soaring unit labour costs have raised competitiveness concerns. This article examines the relationship between real wages and productivity to see whether real wage growth (growth in real total compensation per hour worked) has lagged behind labour productivity growth in recent years. It examines whether the result is sensitive to differences in the definition of real wages.

Release date: 2022-10-27
5. Research to Insights: Investment, Productivity and Living Standards
Stats in brief: 11-631-X2022004
Description:
This presentation focuses on labour productivity, a measure of efficiency widely used in conjunction with data on labour costs and profitability to gauge the competitiveness of Canadian businesses.

Release date: 2022-09-01
6. The COVID-19 pandemic and gross domestic product per capita growth in Canada
Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202200500002
Description:
The COVID-19 Pandemic has been affecting Canadians’ daily lives since the second quarter of 2020. Production and employment were cut back largely at the beginning in order to slow the spread of this contagious disease, leading to a sharp decline in income and a rise in the unemployment rate. GDP per capita of a country is often used for assessing the standard of living and its cross-country comparisons. Since 2020, Canada’s per capita GDP has averaged -1.3% per year, down from its long-term annual average of 1.2% from 1981 to 2019 and from 1.0% per year from 2010 to 2019. For a better understanding of the sources of Canada’s per capita GDP growth, this article decomposes GDP per capita into labour productivity, work intensity, employment rate, participation rate, and the share of working population. The contributions of these 5 ratios to Canada’s per capita GDP growth are examined.

Release date: 2022-05-25
7. Examining the Labour-productivity Gap Between Women-owned and Men-owned Enterprises: The Influence of Prior Industry Experience
Articles and reports: 11F0019M2021007
Description:
An increase in the economic participation of women has been identified as a major driver of economic growth, leading to increased interest in supporting the entrepreneurial activities of women. This paper uses newly developed data on the gender of business owners to investigate differences in labour productivity between men-owned, women-owned and equally owned enterprises. This paper uses the Canadian Employer–Employee Dynamics Database (CEEDD).

Release date: 2021-08-30
8. Impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on productivity growth in Canada
Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202100500004
Description:
The COVID-19 pandemic has changed how production occurs in the economy in two ways. One is the full or partial closure of non-essential activities such as travel, hospitality, arts and entertainment, personal services, airlines, etc. The other is the widespread shift from in-office work to working from home. This Insights article depicts labour productivity growth in Canada and its sources by industry during the COVID-19 pandemic in order to examine the implications these changes may have had on the productivity performance of the economy.
Release date: 2021-05-26
9. Working from home: Productivity and preferences Archived
Stats in brief: 45-28-0001202100100012
Description:
To what extent are teleworkers more or less productive now relative to when they were at their usual place of work? For those who are less productive, what are the main barriers to productivity? Once the pandemic is over, how many Canadians would prefer to work most of their hours at home or outside the home?

Answers to these questions are crucial to inform discussions about the sustainability of telework in a post COVID-19 context.

To shed light on these questions, this study uses the supplement to the Labour Force Survey of February 2021.

Release date: 2021-04-01
10. Immigration and Firm Productivity: Evidence from the Canadian Employer-Employee Dynamics Database
Articles and reports: 11F0019M2020014
Description:
Previous studies on the impact of immigration on productivity in developed countries remain inconclusive, and most analyses are abstracted from firms where production actually takes place. This study examines the empirical relationship between immigration and firm-level productivity in Canada. It uses a data file derived from linking the Canadian Employer-Employee Dynamics Database that tracks firms over time with the Longitudinal Immigration Data file (IMDB) that includes sociodemographic characteristics at landing for immigrants who arrived in Canada after 1980.
Release date: 2020-09-14

Data (5)

Data (5) ((5 results))

1. Canadian Economic Accounts Quarterly Review Archived
Table: 13-010-X
Description: This publication presents an overview of the economic developments reported in Canada's national accounts for the most recent quarter, and is no longer being released. The overview covers several broad areas: 1) gross domestic product (GDP) by income and by expenditure; 2) GDP by industry; 3) balance of international payments accounts; 4) labour productivity and other related variables; 5) international investment position; and, 6) national balance sheet accounts.
Release date: 2015-06-12
2. Civil Aviation, Quarterly Operating and Financial Statistics, Canadian Air Carriers, Levels I and II Archived
Table: 51-004-X2009006
Description:
This publication provides quarterly information on operational and financial variables related to the scheduled and charter operations of all Canadian-licensed air carriers classified into reporting levels I and II. Operational data (passengers, passenger-kilometres, goods carried, goods tonne-kilometres, etc.) and financial data (operating revenues, operating expenses, employment expenses) are presented. This publication also includes data highlights and some financial performance indicators and productivity measures.
Release date: 2009-11-13
3. Civil Aviation, Annual Operating and Financial Statistics, Canadian Air Carriers, Levels I to III Archived
Table: 51-004-X2009003
Description:
This publication provides annual information on operational and financial variables related to the scheduled and charter operations of all Canadian-licensed air carriers classified into reporting levels I to III. Operational data (passengers, passenger-kilometres, goods carried, goods tonne-kilometres, etc.) and financial data (income statement-operating revenues, operating expenses, non-operating income (expenses), balance sheet-assets and liabilities, as well as financial performance indicators) are presented. Information on fuel, on employment, by category, and on wages and salaries paid, by province and territory is also provided. This publication also includes data highlights.
Release date: 2009-07-03
4. Civil Aviation, Quarterly Operating and Financial Statistics, Canadian Air Carriers, Levels I and II Archived
Table: 51-004-X2009001
Description:
This publication provides quarterly information on operational and financial variables related to the scheduled and charter operations of all Canadian-licensed air carriers classified into reporting levels I and II. Operational data (passengers, passenger-kilometres, goods carried, goods tonne-kilometres, etc.) and financial data (operating revenues, operating expenses, employment expenses) are presented. This publication also includes data highlights and some financial performance indicators and productivity measures.
Release date: 2009-03-09
5. The Canadian Productivity Accounts: Data Archived
Table: 15-003-X
Description:
The Canadian Productivity Accounts: Data is an electronic publication that contains a series of tables on productivity growth and related variables for the business sector and its 51 major sub-sectors based on the North American Industry Classification System. These tables allow users to have a broader perspective on Canadian economic performance. They complement the information available on CANSIM which offers more detail, particularly at the industry level.
Canadian Productivity Accounts (CPA) are responsible for producing, analyzing and disseminating Statistics Canada's official data on productivity and for producing and integrating data on employment, hours worked and capital services consistent with the Canadian System of National Accounts. To this end, the CPA comprise three programs. The quarterly program provides current estimates on labour productivity and labour costs at the aggregate level for 15 industry groups. The annual national program provides yearly estimates on labour productivity, multifactor productivity and several indicators of sources of growth and competitiveness as they apply to the major sectors of the economy and to the industry level. Lastly, the annual provincial program, as an integral part of the Provincial Economic Accounts, provides estimates on employment, hours worked, labour productivity and labour costs at the industry level for each province and territory.
The Canadian Productivity Accounts: Data covers four series of statistical tables:
Table 1: Output, labour compensation, capital cost and cost of intermediate inputs in current dollars
Table 2: Productivity and related measures
Table 3: Productivity and related measures for the business sector, Canada and United States
Table 4: Productivity and related measures for the manufacturing sector, Canada and United States
Productivity measures the efficiency with which inputs (labour and capital in particular) are utilized in production. Productivity measures can be applied to a single input, such as labour productivity (output per hour worked), as well as to multifactor productivity (output per unit of combined labour and capital inputs). Statistics Canada produces these two main measures of productivity, but other productivity ratios can also be measured (e.g., output per unit of capital services).
Release date: 2007-12-06

Analysis (117)

Analysis (117) (60 to 70 of 117 results)

61. The Importance of Signalling in Job Placement and Promotion Archived
Articles and reports: 11F0019M2006236
Geography: Canada
Description:
In a setting where training or promotion opportunity depend on expected initial ability, the effects of signalling initial skills on wages may last well beyond the period when knowledge of a workers' skill set is fully known. This paper proposes extending recent tests for signalling to better accommodate training differences by using firm-level characteristics and applying these tests to a large sample of MBA and law graduates from different ranked schools.
Release date: 2006-01-05
62. Global Links: Multinationals, Foreign Ownership and Productivity Growth in Canadian Manufacturing Archived
Articles and reports: 11-622-M2005009
Geography: Canada
Description:
This paper examines two potential benefits of foreign-controlled plants in the Canadian manufacturing sector: the superior performance of foreign-controlled plants and their productivity spillovers to domestic plants. The paper finds that foreign-controlled plants are more productive, more innovative, more technology intensive, pay higher wages and use more skilled workers. This foreign-ownership advantage is found to be a multinational advantage. What matters for economic performance is whether plants belong to multinational enterprises (MNEs) rather than ownership per se. Canadian multinationals are as productive as foreign multinationals. We also find that MNEs have accounted for a disproportionately large share of productivity growth in the last two decades. Finally, we find robust evidence for productivity spillovers from foreign-controlled plants to domestic-controlled plants arising from increased competition and greater use of new technologies among domestic plants.
Release date: 2005-12-05
63. Four Decades of Productivity Performance in Canada Archived
Articles and reports: 15-206-X2005001
Geography: Canada
Description:
This study examines Canadian productivity performance over the period 1961-2004. It investigates labour productivity growth and the sources of improvements therein-multifactor productivity growth, capital intensity, and skill upgrading. It also examines the contribution that productivity growth has made to economic growth, and to improvement on living standards. Finally, this study investigates the share of income going to labour, and the real hourly compensation of workers.
Release date: 2005-10-26
64. Whither the workweek? Archived
Articles and reports: 75-001-X200510613145
Geography: Canada
Description:
Changes in hours worked normally track employment changes very closely. Recently, however, employment has increased more than hours, resulting in an unprecedented gap. In effect, the average annual hours worked have decreased by the equivalent of two weeks. Many factors can affect the hours worked. Some are structural or cyclical - population aging, industrial shifts, the business cycle, natural disasters, legislative changes or personal preferences. Others are a result of the survey methodology. How have the various factors contributed to the recent drop in hours of work?
Release date: 2005-09-21
65. Wholesalers: A Key Link in Canada's Economy Archived
Articles and reports: 11-621-M2005026
Geography: Canada
Description:
This study examines the Canadian wholesale trade industry, its phenomenal growth, role and performance in the context of globalization and strong domestic consumer demand.
Release date: 2005-04-27
66. Low-paid Work and Economically Vulnerable Families over the Last Two Decades Archived
Articles and reports: 11F0019M2005248
Geography: Canada
Description:
We examine the evolution of low-paid work and the position of economically vulnerable families in Canada over the last two decades. Despite substantial growth in workers' educational attainment and experience, the proportion of jobs paying less than $10.00 per hour has remained fairly stable since the early 1980s. However, union coverage in low-paid jobs has dropped, especially for males. The risk of job loss has changed little but the proportion of newly hired employees who hold temporary jobs has increased markedly, thereby indicating important changes in the employer-employee relationship. Despite their rising educational attainment, most low earners (except women aged 25 to 29) have not seen their chances of escaping low earnings improved between the 1980s and the 1990s.
Of all full-time employees, 5% were low-paid and lived in low income families in 1980 and 2000. In 2000, individuals with no high school diploma, recent immigrants, unattached individuals, lone mothers and persons living alone accounted for fully 71% of all full-time workers in low-paid jobs and in low-income, but only 37% of all full-time workers. While members of these five groups account for the majority of low-paid workers in low-income families, two of these groups have seen their economic position declined significantly: low-educated couples and recent immigrants.
Release date: 2005-04-25
67. Canada's textile and clothing industries Archived
Articles and reports: 11-010-X20050037804
Geography: Canada
Description:
A profile of jobs, productivity, output and trade in these industries as they enter a new trade era without import quotas.
Release date: 2005-03-17
68. Interprovincial Differences in GDP Per Capita, Labour Productivity and Work Intensity: 1990-2003 Archived
Articles and reports: 11-624-M2005011
Geography: Province or territory
Description:
This paper compares output per person across Canadian provinces - using nominal or current dollar GDP per capita as the metric over the period 1990 to 2003. Differences in GDP per capita can be attributed to differences in the underlying efficiency of provincial economies. This is measured by labour productivity or GDP per hours worked. Differences also arise from the amount of human resources that are employed, as measured by work intensity or hours worked per capita. This paper examines the extent to which differences in GDP per capita can be attributed to each of these two factors.
Release date: 2005-02-22
69. A Comparison of Canadian and U.S. Productivity Levels: An Exploration of Measurement Issues Archived
Articles and reports: 11F0027M2005028
Geography: Canada
Description:
This paper examines the level of labour productivity in Canada relative to that of the United States in 1999. In doing so, it addresses two main issues. The first is the comparability of the measures of GDP and labour inputs that the statistical agency in each country produces. Second, it investigates how a price index can be constructed to reconcile estimates of Canadian and U.S. GDP per hour worked that are calculated in Canadian and U.S. dollars respectively. After doing so, and taking into account alternative assumptions about Canada/U.S. prices, the paper provides point estimates of Canada's relative labour productivity of the total economy of around 93% that of the United States. The paper points out that at least a 10 percentage point confidence interval should be applied to these estimates. The size of the range is particularly sensitive to assumptions that are made about import and export prices.
Release date: 2005-01-20
70. The output gap between Canada and the US: The role of productivity 1994-2002 Archived
Articles and reports: 11-010-X20050017759
Geography: Canada
Description:
This paper investigates the size of the output and productivity shortfall between Canada and the US in the late 1990s and finds that the primary reason for the difference in not lower labour productivity but fewer hours worked per capita.
Release date: 2005-01-13

Reference (13)

Reference (13) (0 to 10 of 13 results)

1. Multifactor Productivity Measurement at Statistics Canada Archived
Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 15-206-X2013031
Description:
This paper describes the evolution of the Multifactor Productivity Program launched at Statistics Canada in 1987 and the improvements made in multifactor productivity measurement since then. The improvements were made in response to developments in the economic literature, better data sources, and the needs of the user community. The paper also summarizes research that uses alternate data and methodologies to assess the accuracy of the Multifactor Productivity Program and to provide insights into areas that traditional international multifactor productivity programs omit. Finally, the paper outlines future directions that are being contemplated to further improve the measurement of productivity at Statistics Canada.
Release date: 2013-05-28
2. Impact of the 2012 CSNA Revisions on the Quarterly Labour Productivity Accounts Archived
Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 13-605-X201200311728
Description:
This report highlights the revisions to the quarterly estimates of labour productivity and associated variables in the business sector resulting from the historical revision of the national gross domestic product by income and by expenditure accounts (NIEA) released on October 1st, 2012.
Release date: 2012-10-12
3. Infrastructure Capital: What Is It? Where Is It? How Much of It Is There? Archived
Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 15-206-X2008016
Description:
This paper focuses on the role of investments in infrastructure in Canada. The size of infrastructure investments relative to other capital stock sets this country apart from most other Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development countries. The paper reviews the approaches taken by other researchers to define infrastructure. It then outlines a taxonomy to define those assets that should be considered as infrastructure and that can be used to assess the importance of different types of capital investments. It briefly considers how to define the portion of infrastructure that should be considered 'public'. The final two parts of the paper apply the proposed classification system to data on Canada's capital stock, and ask the following questions: how much infrastructure does Canada have and in which sectors of the economy is this infrastructure located? Finally, the paper investigates how Canada's infrastructure has evolved over the last four decades, both in the commercial and non-commercial sectors, and compares these trends with the pattern that can be found in the United States.
Release date: 2008-03-12
4. Productivity: What Is It? How Is It Measured? What Has Canada's Performance Been? Archived
Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 15-206-X2008017
Description:
This paper provides an overview of the productivity program at Statistics Canada and a brief description of Canada's productivity performance. The paper defines productivity and the various measures that are used to investigate different aspects of productivity growth. It describes the difference between partial productivity measures (such as labour productivity) and a more complete measure (multifactor productivity) and the advantages and disadvantages of each. The paper explains why productivity is important. It outlines how productivity growth fits into the growth accounting framework and how this framework is used to examine the various sources of economic growth. The paper briefly discusses the challenges that face statisticians in measuring productivity growth. It also provides an overview of Canada's long-term productivity performance and compares Canada to the United States - both in terms of productivity levels and productivity growth rates.
Release date: 2008-02-25
5. Revisions to the Quarterly Labour Productivity Estimates Archived
Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 15-206-X2007012
Description:
This paper examines the various products associated with the quarterly labour productivity program. It outlines the nature of the volatility in the very short-run estimates and examines properties of the revisions made to the estimates of Canadian labour productivity and its components (gross domestic product and hours worked) since the inception of the program in 2001.
Release date: 2007-10-18
6. Update on Analytical Studies Research Archived
Notices and consultations: 11-015-X
Description:
This newsletter is a brief description of projects within the Business and Labour Market Analysis Division of Statistics Canada. The research covers a wide range of topics including labour market issues, low income, immigration, business firm dynamics, pensions, productivity, technology and innovation, as well as economic geography.
Release date: 2007-09-14
7. Producing Hours Worked for the SNA in Order to Measure Productivity: The Canadian Experience Archived
Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 15-206-X2006004
Description:
This paper provides a brief description of the methodology currently used to produce the annual volume of hours worked consistent with the System of National Accounts (SNA). These data are used for labour input in the annual and quarterly measures of labour productivity, as well as in the annual measures of multifactor productivity. For this purpose, hours worked are broken down by educational level and age group, so that changes in the composition of the labour force can be taken into account. They are also used to calculate hourly compensation and the unit labour cost and for simulations of the SNA Input-Output Model; as such, they are integrated as labour force inputs into most SNA satellite accounts (i.e., environment, tourism).
Release date: 2006-10-27
8. The 2001 to 2004 Revisions of the Canada-U.S. Labour Productivity in the Business Sector Archived
Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 15-206-X2006003
Description:
This paper examines the revision cycle for labour productivity estimates over the period 2001 to 2004.
Release date: 2006-10-11
9. Understanding Productivity: A Primer Archived
Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 15-206-X2006002
Description:
This paper provides a concise overview in plain language of the concept of productivity by explaining its relevance and usefulness. This paper is intended for users of the Canadian Productivity Accounts who wish to learn more about productivity concepts, in simple terms.
Release date: 2006-04-21
10. Annual Measure of the Volume of Work Consistent with the SNA: The Canadian Experience Archived
Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 11F0026M2005005
Description:
The aim of this paper is to describe the actual methodology used to estimate annual hours worked by industry and province in Canada in view to be consistent with the System of National Accounts.
Release date: 2005-08-30

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