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- 1. Global Links: Multinationals, Foreign Ownership and Productivity Growth in Canadian Manufacturing ArchivedArticles and reports: 11-622-M2005009Geography: CanadaDescription:
This paper examines two potential benefits of foreign-controlled plants in the Canadian manufacturing sector: the superior performance of foreign-controlled plants and their productivity spillovers to domestic plants. The paper finds that foreign-controlled plants are more productive, more innovative, more technology intensive, pay higher wages and use more skilled workers. This foreign-ownership advantage is found to be a multinational advantage. What matters for economic performance is whether plants belong to multinational enterprises (MNEs) rather than ownership per se. Canadian multinationals are as productive as foreign multinationals. We also find that MNEs have accounted for a disproportionately large share of productivity growth in the last two decades. Finally, we find robust evidence for productivity spillovers from foreign-controlled plants to domestic-controlled plants arising from increased competition and greater use of new technologies among domestic plants.
Release date: 2005-12-05 - Articles and reports: 15-206-X2005001Geography: CanadaDescription:
This study examines Canadian productivity performance over the period 1961-2004. It investigates labour productivity growth and the sources of improvements therein-multifactor productivity growth, capital intensity, and skill upgrading. It also examines the contribution that productivity growth has made to economic growth, and to improvement on living standards. Finally, this study investigates the share of income going to labour, and the real hourly compensation of workers.
Release date: 2005-10-26 - 3. Whither the workweek? ArchivedArticles and reports: 75-001-X200510613145Geography: CanadaDescription:
Changes in hours worked normally track employment changes very closely. Recently, however, employment has increased more than hours, resulting in an unprecedented gap. In effect, the average annual hours worked have decreased by the equivalent of two weeks. Many factors can affect the hours worked. Some are structural or cyclical - population aging, industrial shifts, the business cycle, natural disasters, legislative changes or personal preferences. Others are a result of the survey methodology. How have the various factors contributed to the recent drop in hours of work?
Release date: 2005-09-21 - Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 11F0026M2005005Description:
The aim of this paper is to describe the actual methodology used to estimate annual hours worked by industry and province in Canada in view to be consistent with the System of National Accounts.
Release date: 2005-08-30 - 5. Wholesalers: A Key Link in Canada's Economy ArchivedArticles and reports: 11-621-M2005026Geography: CanadaDescription:
This study examines the Canadian wholesale trade industry, its phenomenal growth, role and performance in the context of globalization and strong domestic consumer demand.
Release date: 2005-04-27 - Articles and reports: 11F0019M2005248Geography: CanadaDescription:
We examine the evolution of low-paid work and the position of economically vulnerable families in Canada over the last two decades. Despite substantial growth in workers' educational attainment and experience, the proportion of jobs paying less than $10.00 per hour has remained fairly stable since the early 1980s. However, union coverage in low-paid jobs has dropped, especially for males. The risk of job loss has changed little but the proportion of newly hired employees who hold temporary jobs has increased markedly, thereby indicating important changes in the employer-employee relationship. Despite their rising educational attainment, most low earners (except women aged 25 to 29) have not seen their chances of escaping low earnings improved between the 1980s and the 1990s.
Of all full-time employees, 5% were low-paid and lived in low income families in 1980 and 2000. In 2000, individuals with no high school diploma, recent immigrants, unattached individuals, lone mothers and persons living alone accounted for fully 71% of all full-time workers in low-paid jobs and in low-income, but only 37% of all full-time workers. While members of these five groups account for the majority of low-paid workers in low-income families, two of these groups have seen their economic position declined significantly: low-educated couples and recent immigrants.
Release date: 2005-04-25 - 7. Canada's textile and clothing industries ArchivedArticles and reports: 11-010-X20050037804Geography: CanadaDescription:
A profile of jobs, productivity, output and trade in these industries as they enter a new trade era without import quotas.
Release date: 2005-03-17 - Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 11F0026M2005003Description:
This paper examines the revision cycle for labour productivity estimates over the period 2000-2003.
Release date: 2005-03-10 - 9. Interprovincial Differences in GDP Per Capita, Labour Productivity and Work Intensity: 1990-2003 ArchivedArticles and reports: 11-624-M2005011Geography: Province or territoryDescription:
This paper compares output per person across Canadian provinces - using nominal or current dollar GDP per capita as the metric over the period 1990 to 2003. Differences in GDP per capita can be attributed to differences in the underlying efficiency of provincial economies. This is measured by labour productivity or GDP per hours worked. Differences also arise from the amount of human resources that are employed, as measured by work intensity or hours worked per capita. This paper examines the extent to which differences in GDP per capita can be attributed to each of these two factors.
Release date: 2005-02-22 - 10. A Comparison of Canadian and U.S. Productivity Levels: An Exploration of Measurement Issues ArchivedArticles and reports: 11F0027M2005028Geography: CanadaDescription:
This paper examines the level of labour productivity in Canada relative to that of the United States in 1999. In doing so, it addresses two main issues. The first is the comparability of the measures of GDP and labour inputs that the statistical agency in each country produces. Second, it investigates how a price index can be constructed to reconcile estimates of Canadian and U.S. GDP per hour worked that are calculated in Canadian and U.S. dollars respectively. After doing so, and taking into account alternative assumptions about Canada/U.S. prices, the paper provides point estimates of Canada's relative labour productivity of the total economy of around 93% that of the United States. The paper points out that at least a 10 percentage point confidence interval should be applied to these estimates. The size of the range is particularly sensitive to assumptions that are made about import and export prices.
Release date: 2005-01-20
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- 1. Global Links: Multinationals, Foreign Ownership and Productivity Growth in Canadian Manufacturing ArchivedArticles and reports: 11-622-M2005009Geography: CanadaDescription:
This paper examines two potential benefits of foreign-controlled plants in the Canadian manufacturing sector: the superior performance of foreign-controlled plants and their productivity spillovers to domestic plants. The paper finds that foreign-controlled plants are more productive, more innovative, more technology intensive, pay higher wages and use more skilled workers. This foreign-ownership advantage is found to be a multinational advantage. What matters for economic performance is whether plants belong to multinational enterprises (MNEs) rather than ownership per se. Canadian multinationals are as productive as foreign multinationals. We also find that MNEs have accounted for a disproportionately large share of productivity growth in the last two decades. Finally, we find robust evidence for productivity spillovers from foreign-controlled plants to domestic-controlled plants arising from increased competition and greater use of new technologies among domestic plants.
Release date: 2005-12-05 - Articles and reports: 15-206-X2005001Geography: CanadaDescription:
This study examines Canadian productivity performance over the period 1961-2004. It investigates labour productivity growth and the sources of improvements therein-multifactor productivity growth, capital intensity, and skill upgrading. It also examines the contribution that productivity growth has made to economic growth, and to improvement on living standards. Finally, this study investigates the share of income going to labour, and the real hourly compensation of workers.
Release date: 2005-10-26 - 3. Whither the workweek? ArchivedArticles and reports: 75-001-X200510613145Geography: CanadaDescription:
Changes in hours worked normally track employment changes very closely. Recently, however, employment has increased more than hours, resulting in an unprecedented gap. In effect, the average annual hours worked have decreased by the equivalent of two weeks. Many factors can affect the hours worked. Some are structural or cyclical - population aging, industrial shifts, the business cycle, natural disasters, legislative changes or personal preferences. Others are a result of the survey methodology. How have the various factors contributed to the recent drop in hours of work?
Release date: 2005-09-21 - 4. Wholesalers: A Key Link in Canada's Economy ArchivedArticles and reports: 11-621-M2005026Geography: CanadaDescription:
This study examines the Canadian wholesale trade industry, its phenomenal growth, role and performance in the context of globalization and strong domestic consumer demand.
Release date: 2005-04-27 - Articles and reports: 11F0019M2005248Geography: CanadaDescription:
We examine the evolution of low-paid work and the position of economically vulnerable families in Canada over the last two decades. Despite substantial growth in workers' educational attainment and experience, the proportion of jobs paying less than $10.00 per hour has remained fairly stable since the early 1980s. However, union coverage in low-paid jobs has dropped, especially for males. The risk of job loss has changed little but the proportion of newly hired employees who hold temporary jobs has increased markedly, thereby indicating important changes in the employer-employee relationship. Despite their rising educational attainment, most low earners (except women aged 25 to 29) have not seen their chances of escaping low earnings improved between the 1980s and the 1990s.
Of all full-time employees, 5% were low-paid and lived in low income families in 1980 and 2000. In 2000, individuals with no high school diploma, recent immigrants, unattached individuals, lone mothers and persons living alone accounted for fully 71% of all full-time workers in low-paid jobs and in low-income, but only 37% of all full-time workers. While members of these five groups account for the majority of low-paid workers in low-income families, two of these groups have seen their economic position declined significantly: low-educated couples and recent immigrants.
Release date: 2005-04-25 - 6. Canada's textile and clothing industries ArchivedArticles and reports: 11-010-X20050037804Geography: CanadaDescription:
A profile of jobs, productivity, output and trade in these industries as they enter a new trade era without import quotas.
Release date: 2005-03-17 - 7. Interprovincial Differences in GDP Per Capita, Labour Productivity and Work Intensity: 1990-2003 ArchivedArticles and reports: 11-624-M2005011Geography: Province or territoryDescription:
This paper compares output per person across Canadian provinces - using nominal or current dollar GDP per capita as the metric over the period 1990 to 2003. Differences in GDP per capita can be attributed to differences in the underlying efficiency of provincial economies. This is measured by labour productivity or GDP per hours worked. Differences also arise from the amount of human resources that are employed, as measured by work intensity or hours worked per capita. This paper examines the extent to which differences in GDP per capita can be attributed to each of these two factors.
Release date: 2005-02-22 - 8. A Comparison of Canadian and U.S. Productivity Levels: An Exploration of Measurement Issues ArchivedArticles and reports: 11F0027M2005028Geography: CanadaDescription:
This paper examines the level of labour productivity in Canada relative to that of the United States in 1999. In doing so, it addresses two main issues. The first is the comparability of the measures of GDP and labour inputs that the statistical agency in each country produces. Second, it investigates how a price index can be constructed to reconcile estimates of Canadian and U.S. GDP per hour worked that are calculated in Canadian and U.S. dollars respectively. After doing so, and taking into account alternative assumptions about Canada/U.S. prices, the paper provides point estimates of Canada's relative labour productivity of the total economy of around 93% that of the United States. The paper points out that at least a 10 percentage point confidence interval should be applied to these estimates. The size of the range is particularly sensitive to assumptions that are made about import and export prices.
Release date: 2005-01-20 - Articles and reports: 11-010-X20050017759Geography: CanadaDescription:
This paper investigates the size of the output and productivity shortfall between Canada and the US in the late 1990s and finds that the primary reason for the difference in not lower labour productivity but fewer hours worked per capita.
Release date: 2005-01-13 - 10. The Output Gap Between Canada and the United States: The Role of Productivity (1994-2002) ArchivedArticles and reports: 11-624-M2005009Geography: CanadaDescription:
The difference in the output gap (GDP per capita) between Canada and the United States is broken down into two components - differences in productivity (GDP per hour worked) and differences in effort (hours worked per capita) for the period 1994 to 2002. The paper shows that, on average, the majority of the output gap is accounted for by differences in hours worked rather than differences in productivity. Since 1994, the output gap has narrowed slightly, primarily because of an increase in hours worked in Canada relative to the United States.
Release date: 2005-01-13
Reference (2)
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- Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 11F0026M2005005Description:
The aim of this paper is to describe the actual methodology used to estimate annual hours worked by industry and province in Canada in view to be consistent with the System of National Accounts.
Release date: 2005-08-30 - Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 11F0026M2005003Description:
This paper examines the revision cycle for labour productivity estimates over the period 2000-2003.
Release date: 2005-03-10
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