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- Articles and reports: 11F0019M1998126Geography: CanadaDescription:
Controlling for observable worker attributes, we find that computer use is associated with a wage premium of at most 14%. Following Dinardo and Pischke (1997), we examine the wage premium associated with other tools used on the job. While these authors find a significant wage premium for the use of pencils or for sitting down while working, we find a substantial and robust wage premium for the use of a fax machine. Using a variety of reasonable specifications of wage equations including both a computer use indicator and a fax use indicator, we consistently find a stronger effect for fax machines than for computers. Along with Dinardo and Pischke (1997), we argue that workers who use computers earn more than other employees not because of their computing skills per se, but rather because they have more other unobserved skills - innate or learned through school - than other employees.
Release date: 1998-10-27 - Articles and reports: 61-532-X19970013494Description:
Over the past few years, it has become increasingly difficult to discuss the development of SMEs without making a link to the globalization of markets and thus of the economy. The question may even arise as to whether this globalization, a significant portion of which appears to be linked to the strengthening and expansion of multinationals, will constrain small businesses, which are nevertheless at the origin of most job creation in most industrialized countries and of the industrial restructuring of a number of their regions over the past 15 or 20 years.
Release date: 1998-02-02 - Articles and reports: 61-532-X19970013504Description:
The objectives of this paper are to review recent structural changes in Canadian food processing industries and describe how these industries are positioning themselves to take advantage of export opportunities and changes in their domestic market. The paper also compares the performance of Canadian food processing industries with international standards and competitors.
Release date: 1998-02-02 - Articles and reports: 11F0019M1997102Geography: CanadaDescription:
The strategies and competencies of small and medium-sized firms are explored here using the responses to the Survey of Growing Small and Medium Size Enterprises, conducted by Statistics Canada. The paper classifies small and medium-sized firms by innovator type and explores the complementary strategies in management, marketing, human resources and financing that are adopted by each innovator type and the success of each type of innovator.
A taxonomy of innovative types is developed that is based on the product/process development orientation of the firm. Differences in competencies in the area of human resources, management, marketing and finance that are possessed by firms in each group are examined. Firms are classified into one of four groups-product innovators, comprehensive (product and process) innovators, process innovators, or non-innovators-based on their responses to 22 innovation-related questions on the survey. These groups correspond to different stages in the development of a product market. Product innovators occupy the first stage, the time when the product is initially introduced. Comprehensive innovators represent the second stage, when the product demand is still growing, and firms in addition to producing new products, have begun to make dramatic improvements in their production efficiencies, by concentrating on process innovations as well as product innovations. Process innovators represent the third phase in the development of a product market, when the product characteristics have become established, and firms seek to improve their market share mainly by improving their production efficiencies. Finally, the last phase is characterized by a relatively stable product line, with a mature production technology.
The competencies of firms differ across these innovative types. Comprehensive innovators tend to develop greater capabilities than the other innovators in a wide range of areas. Comprehensive innovators also tend to outperform the other innovators in terms of growth in sales, market share, and employment size.
Innovators also tailor their financial strategies to their innovator type. Product innovators focus on a low debt/asset strategy with non-standard sources like venture capital. In later stages of the innovation life cycle-comprehensive and process innovators place great emphasis on higher debt/asset ratios and make greater use of long-term debt and equity capital.
Release date: 1998-01-22
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- Articles and reports: 11F0019M1998126Geography: CanadaDescription:
Controlling for observable worker attributes, we find that computer use is associated with a wage premium of at most 14%. Following Dinardo and Pischke (1997), we examine the wage premium associated with other tools used on the job. While these authors find a significant wage premium for the use of pencils or for sitting down while working, we find a substantial and robust wage premium for the use of a fax machine. Using a variety of reasonable specifications of wage equations including both a computer use indicator and a fax use indicator, we consistently find a stronger effect for fax machines than for computers. Along with Dinardo and Pischke (1997), we argue that workers who use computers earn more than other employees not because of their computing skills per se, but rather because they have more other unobserved skills - innate or learned through school - than other employees.
Release date: 1998-10-27 - Articles and reports: 61-532-X19970013494Description:
Over the past few years, it has become increasingly difficult to discuss the development of SMEs without making a link to the globalization of markets and thus of the economy. The question may even arise as to whether this globalization, a significant portion of which appears to be linked to the strengthening and expansion of multinationals, will constrain small businesses, which are nevertheless at the origin of most job creation in most industrialized countries and of the industrial restructuring of a number of their regions over the past 15 or 20 years.
Release date: 1998-02-02 - Articles and reports: 61-532-X19970013504Description:
The objectives of this paper are to review recent structural changes in Canadian food processing industries and describe how these industries are positioning themselves to take advantage of export opportunities and changes in their domestic market. The paper also compares the performance of Canadian food processing industries with international standards and competitors.
Release date: 1998-02-02 - Articles and reports: 11F0019M1997102Geography: CanadaDescription:
The strategies and competencies of small and medium-sized firms are explored here using the responses to the Survey of Growing Small and Medium Size Enterprises, conducted by Statistics Canada. The paper classifies small and medium-sized firms by innovator type and explores the complementary strategies in management, marketing, human resources and financing that are adopted by each innovator type and the success of each type of innovator.
A taxonomy of innovative types is developed that is based on the product/process development orientation of the firm. Differences in competencies in the area of human resources, management, marketing and finance that are possessed by firms in each group are examined. Firms are classified into one of four groups-product innovators, comprehensive (product and process) innovators, process innovators, or non-innovators-based on their responses to 22 innovation-related questions on the survey. These groups correspond to different stages in the development of a product market. Product innovators occupy the first stage, the time when the product is initially introduced. Comprehensive innovators represent the second stage, when the product demand is still growing, and firms in addition to producing new products, have begun to make dramatic improvements in their production efficiencies, by concentrating on process innovations as well as product innovations. Process innovators represent the third phase in the development of a product market, when the product characteristics have become established, and firms seek to improve their market share mainly by improving their production efficiencies. Finally, the last phase is characterized by a relatively stable product line, with a mature production technology.
The competencies of firms differ across these innovative types. Comprehensive innovators tend to develop greater capabilities than the other innovators in a wide range of areas. Comprehensive innovators also tend to outperform the other innovators in terms of growth in sales, market share, and employment size.
Innovators also tailor their financial strategies to their innovator type. Product innovators focus on a low debt/asset strategy with non-standard sources like venture capital. In later stages of the innovation life cycle-comprehensive and process innovators place great emphasis on higher debt/asset ratios and make greater use of long-term debt and equity capital.
Release date: 1998-01-22
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