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All (62)

All (62) (50 to 60 of 62 results)

  • 51. Labour force participation in the 1990's Archived
    Articles and reports: 75-001-X19980033944
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    Labour Force Survey data show that most of the recent decline in labour force participation is attributable to the upswing in school attendance and the trend toward earlier retirement.

    Release date: 1998-09-09
  • 52. Job gains and job losses: a study of the service sector Archived
    Articles and reports: 63-016-X19980013842
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This study presents estimates of job reallocation, calculated as gross job gains plus gross job losses; compares job reallocation in the service sector to that in the goods-producing sector; explains why innovative industries do not necessarily have similar employment patterns; and examines why some industries that are less technologically sophisticated appear to exhibit the same job reallocation patterns as some innovative industries.

    Release date: 1998-07-10
  • 53. Canadian food processing industries: Structure and recent changes Archived
    Articles and reports: 61-532-X19970013504
    Description:

    The objectives of this paper are to review recent structural changes in Canadian food processing industries and describe how these industries are positioning themselves to take advantage of export opportunities and changes in their domestic market. The paper also compares the performance of Canadian food processing industries with international standards and competitors.

    Release date: 1998-02-02
  • 54. Job Creation by Company Size Class: Concentration and Persistence of Job Gains and Losses in Canadian Companies Archived
    Articles and reports: 11F0019M1996093
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    The statistical observation that small firms have created the majority of new jobs during the 1980s has had a tremendous influence on public policy. Governmentshave looked to the small firm sector for employment growth, and have promoted policies to augment this expansion. However, recent research in the US suggeststhat net job creation in the small firm sector may have been overestimated, relative to that in large firms. The first part of this paper addresses various measurement issues raised in the recent research, and uses a very unique Canadian longitudinal data set thatencompasses all companies in the Canadian economy to reassess the issue of job creation by firm size. We conclude that over the 1978-92 period, for both theentire Canadian economy and the manufacturing sector, the growth rate of net and gross employment decreases monotonically as the size of firm increases, no matterwhich method of sizing firms is used. Measurement does matter, however, as the magnitude of the difference in the growth rates of small and large firms is verysensitive to the measurement approaches used. Part one of the paper also produces results for various industrial sectors, and examines employment growth inexisting small and large firms (i.e., excluding births). It is found that employment growth in the population of existing small and large firms is very similar. Finallyattempts are made to introduce a job quality aspect to the numbers by using payroll distributions rather than employment. The net and gross rates of increase anddecrease in payrolls by firm size are found to be only marginally different than those of employment. The second part of the paper looks at concentration of employment creation and destruction within size classes. This is relevant because if growth is highlyconcentrated, knowing that a firm is small will provide little information about its prospects for growth. Most small firms would grow relatively little, or decline, whilea few expanded a lot. It is found that both job creation and destruction is highly concentrated among relatively few firms in all size groups, but it is greater amongsmall and mid-sized companies than large. Finally attempts are made to correlate the performance of businesses over two three-year periods. It is found thatknowing that a firm is a high performer (in terms of jobs created) over one period is of only limited value in determining growth in the second period. This isparticularly true among small firms. These results suggest that firms which expand rapidly during one period are replaced to some considerable degree by others inthe subsequent period.

    Release date: 1997-07-17
  • 55. Were Small Producers the Engines of Growth in the Canadian Manufacturing Sector in the 1980s? Archived
    Articles and reports: 11F0019M1996088
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    Small firms are often seen to be the engines of growth. There are two main sources of empirical evidence that are adduced to support this conclusion. The first is that job creation has been coming mainly from small firms. The second is that the share of employment accounted for by small firms has increased in the past two decades. Both of these sources rely on a simple metric--employment. This paper asks whether changes in this metric affect the view of the role that small firms play in the growth process.

    The first section of the paper maintains employment as the measure that is used to evaluate the importance of small firms but modifies the raw measure of employment to correct for the fact that small firms pay lower wages than large firms. The paper examines the evidence indicating that smaller producers in the manufacturing sector pay lower wages and that this differential has grown over time. It then uses relative wage rates to create a measure of employment that is adjusted for wage differentials. When this is done, small producers no longer outperform large producers in terms of job creation over the 1970s and 1980s in the Canadian manufacturing sector.

    The second section of the paper changes the metric used to evaluate relative performance by moving from employment to output and labour productivity. The paper demonstrates that while small producers have increased their employment share dramatically, they have barely changed their output share. Small firms have been falling behind large firms both with respect to wages paid and labour productivity. Large producers have been decreasing their relative employment while maintaining their relative output share, thereby making dramatic strides in increasing their relative labour productivity.

    Release date: 1996-09-24
  • 56. Graphical Description of Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID) Content Archived
    Articles and reports: 75F0002M1995010
    Description:

    This paper provides a graphical description of the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID) information.

    Release date: 1995-12-30
  • 57. The Duration of Unemployment: A User Guide Archived
    Articles and reports: 11F0019M1995084
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    The objective of this paper is to introduce in a new measure of the average duration of unemployment spells using Canadian data. The paper summarizes the work of Corak (1993) and Corak and Heisz (1994) on the average complete duration of unemployment in a non-technical way by focusing on the distinction between it and the average incomplete duration of unemployment, which is regularly released by Statistics Canada. It is pointed out that the latter is a lagging cyclical indicator. The average complete duration of unemployment is a more accurate indicator of prevailing labour market conditions, but some assumptions required in its derivation also imply that it lags actual developments.

    Release date: 1995-12-30
  • 58. Restructuring in the Canadian Manufacturing Sector from 1970 to 1990: Industry and Regional Dimensions of Job Turnover Archived
    Articles and reports: 11F0019M1995078
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This paper investigates the dynamics of job reallocation in the manufacturing sector of Canada. It does so by examining the pattern and magnitude of job gain, job loss, and total job turnover due to growth and decline of some firms, and entry and exit of other firms. It also investigates how the effect of cyclical as opposed to structural influences on job turnover have changed over time. Finally, the paper investigates whether the pattern and magnitude of job turnover differ across industries and across regions, and whether the differences are either caused by differences in cyclical sensitivity of job creation and job destruction or in the extent to which restructuring is taking place.

    Release date: 1995-06-30
  • 59. Employment Generation by Small Producers in the Canadian Manufacturing Sector Archived
    Articles and reports: 11F0019M1994070
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This paper uses job turnover data to compare how job creation, job destruction and net job change differ for small and large establishments in the Canadian manufacturing sector. It uses several different techniques to correct for the regression-to-the-mean problem that, it has been suggested, might incorrectly lead to the conclusion that small establishments create a disproportionate number of new jobs. It finds that net job creation for smaller establishments is greater than that of large establishments after such changes are made. The paper also compares the importance of small and large establishments in the manufacturing sectors of Canada and the United States. The Canadian manufacturing sector is shown to have both a larger proportion of employment in smaller establishments but also to have a small establishment sector that is growing in importance relative to that of the United States.

    Release date: 1994-11-16
  • 60. Have Small Firms Created a Disproportionate Share of New Jobs in Canada? A Reassessment of the Facts Archived
    Articles and reports: 11F0019M1994071
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    The statistical observation that small firms have created the majority of new jobs during the 1980s has had a tremendous influence on public policy. Governmentshave looked to the small firm sector for employment growth, and have promoted policies to augment this expansion. However, recent research in the US suggeststhat net job creation in the small firm sector may have been overestimated, relative to that in large firms. This paper addresses various measurement issues raised inthe recent research, and uses a very unique Canadian longitudinal data set that encompasses all companies in the Canadian economy to reassess the issue of jobcreation by firm size. We conclude that over the 1978-92 period, for both the entire Canadian economy and the manufacturing sector, the growth rate of (net)employment decreases monotonically as the size of firm increases, no matter which method of sizing firms is used. The small firm sector has accounted for adisproportionate share of both gross job gains and job losses, and in that aggregate, accounted for a disproportionate share of the employment increase over theperiod. Measurement does matter, however, as the magnitude of the difference in the growth rates of small and large firms is very sensitive to the measurementapproaches used. The paper also produces results for various industrial sectors, asks whether the more rapid growth in industries with a high proportion of smallfirms is responsible for the findings at the all-economy level, and examines employment growth in existing small and large firms (ie excluding births). It is found thatemployment growth in the population of existing small and large firms is very similar.

    Release date: 1994-11-16
Data (2)

Data (2) ((2 results))

  • 1. Survey of Older Workers: Public Use Microdata File
    Public use microdata: 89M0030X
    Description:

    The Survey of Older Workers (SOW) is a survey that was conducted in October and November of 2008 .The survey was conducted on behalf of Human Resources and Skills Development Canada with the objective to develop a statistical database providing estimates surrounding the issues of work and retirement as perceived by older workers in the 10 provinces. The fundamental objective of the SOW is an attempt to understand the components that are integral in the decision to either continue working or retire. In essence we are trying to obtain a better understanding of factors that are driving the decisions of older workers in regards to working and retirement.

    Release date: 2010-01-06
  • 2. Labour Force Information Archived
    Table: 71-001-P
    Description:

    This publication provides the most current monthly labour market statistics. Each month, this publication contains a brief commentary highlighting recent developments in the Canadian labour market. It also includes a series of charts and tables on a variety of labour force characteristics, such as employment and unemployment for Canada, the provinces, metropolitan areas and economic regions.

    Release date: 2002-08-09
Analysis (59)

Analysis (59) (0 to 10 of 59 results)

  • 1. The impact of firm closures and job loss on participation in gig work: A causal analysis
    Articles and reports: 11F0019M2022001
    Description:

    This study uses data from the Statistics Canada Longitudinal Worker File linked to Canadian census records to examine the impact of firm closures and involuntary job loss on entry into gig work. The analysis distinguishes between the actions of those who experienced an actual layoff associated with a firm closure and those who worked in a closing firm but did not necessarily wait until the closure (“impending layoff”).

    Release date: 2022-09-27
  • 2. Entering postsecondary education after job loss: Family-level considerations
    Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202200600003
    Description:

    Every year, thousands of Canadian workers lose their job. The opportunities for coping with job loss through postsecondary education (PSE) transitions might be unequally distributed across Canadian families, perhaps even more so than across Canadian workers. Using data from Statistics Canada’s Longitudinal Worker File (LWF), the T1 Family File (T1FF), the Post-Secondary Information System (PSIS), and the 2006 Census of Population, this study quantifies the degree to which the likelihood of entering PSE or a new field of study after job loss varies, all else equal, across types of family units and, among dual-earner couples, with the earnings or the risk of job loss of the spouse.

    Release date: 2022-06-22
  • 3. Workers’ responses to job loss when employment opportunities are scarce
    Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202100200002
    Description:

    This Insights article examines the degree to which workers who lost their job in 2009 started a business, changed regions, went back to school or began a registered apprenticeship in 2010, the year following job loss. The analysis combines the 2001 Census of Population with Statistics Canada’s Longitudinal Worker File and Registered Apprenticeship Information System.

    Release date: 2021-02-24
  • 4. The changing nature of work in Canada amid recent advances in automation technology
    Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202100100004
    Description:

    In recent years, technological advancements in artificial intelligence and machine learning have broadened the realm of tasks that have the potential to be accomplished through automation technology. Consequently, these developments have raised questions about the future of work. Debate on this issue has focused primarily on the risk of job loss attributable to automation, with less attention given to how automation may change the nature of workers’ jobs. This study employs a task-based approach that shifts the focus from job replacement to changes in the nature of Canadians’ work. This approach views occupations as a set of tasks, allowing researchers to assess the effects of automation in the context of changes in occupational tasks.

    Release date: 2021-01-27
  • 5. Job displacement in coal mining in Canada Archived
    Stats in brief: 11-627-M2020023
    Description: Efforts to make a transition to a low carbon economy have raised concerns that workers displaced from traditional energy-producing sectors might experience substantial earnings declines after job loss.

    Using data from a rich administrative dataset, this study documents the employment and earnings trajectories of coal miners who were displaced during the late 1990s and the 2000s.

    Release date: 2020-12-15
  • 6. Job displacement in the oil and gas industry in Canada Archived
    Stats in brief: 11-627-M2020068
    Description: Efforts to make a transition to a low carbon economy have raised concerns that workers displaced from traditional energy-producing sectors might experience substantial earnings declines after job loss. Using data from a rich administrative dataset, this infographic documents the employment and earnings trajectories of oil and gas workers who were displaced from 1995 to 2016.
    Release date: 2020-12-01
  • 7. Automation and the Sexes: Is Job Transformation More Likely Among Women?
    Articles and reports: 11F0019M2020015
    Description:

    Recent advances in artificial intelligence and machine-learning technologies have fuelled fears of potential job losses among some workers. While the net impact of new technology on total jobs can be negative, positive or neutral, some workers may be more affected than others depending on how easily robots and algorithms can replace them, or how easily their skills complement the new technology. In the case of women and men, it is not clear who is likely to be most affected. This study estimates the risk of job transformation as a result of automation technology faced by women and men.

    Release date: 2020-09-24
  • 8. How Do Workers Displaced from Energy-producing Sectors Fare after Job Loss? Evidence from the Oil and Gas Industry
    Articles and reports: 11-626-X2020021
    Description: The last two decades have seen substantial movements in the price of oil and other commodities. Oil prices more than doubled from the early 2000s to 2008, fell during the 2008-2009 recession and dropped sharply after 2014. These price declines have led to increases in permanent layoff rates in the oil and gas industry in Canada, especially in recent years. This Economic Insights article examines how workers displaced from the oil and gas industry in recent years have fared after job loss. The analysis uses Statistics Canada’s Longitudinal Worker File.
    Release date: 2020-09-22
  • 9. How Do Workers Displaced from Traditional Energy-producing Sectors Fare after Job Loss? Evidence from Coal Mining
    Articles and reports: 11-626-X2020022
    Description: Efforts to make a transition to a low carbon economy have raised concerns that workers displaced from traditional energy-producing sectors might experience substantial earnings declines after job loss. This Economic Insights article examines how workers displaced from coal mining in recent years have fared after job loss. The analysis uses Statistics Canada’s Longitudinal Worker File.
    Release date: 2020-09-22
  • 10. Transitions into and out of employment by immigrants during the COVID-19 lockdown and recovery Archived
    Stats in brief: 45-28-0001202000100070
    Description:

    During the widespread lockdown of economic activities in March and April 2020, the Canadian labour market lost 3 million jobs. From May to July, as many businesses gradually resumed their operations, 1.7 million jobs were recovered. While studies in the United States and Europe suggest that immigrants are often more severely affected by economic downturns than the native born, little is known about whether immigrants and the Canadian born fared differently in the employment disruption induced by the COVID-19 pandemic and, if so, how such differences are related to their socio-demographic and job characteristics. This paper fills this gap by comparing immigrants and the Canadian-born population in their transitions out of employment in the months of heavy contraction and into employment during the months of partial recovery.

    Release date: 2020-08-20
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