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Description: Decisions by economic agents, such as firms and consumers, depend on their views about inflation. Consumers’ views of inflation, are systematically higher than inflation measured by the Consumer Price Index (CPI), and more so for certain demographic groups. While measurement factors can explain part of this gap, behavioral factors appear to play a larger role. This article examines these factors to explain the gap between CPI’s inflation and inflation perceptions in Canada.

Description: Canada has faced profound economic and social impacts as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. This report brings together diverse findings which illuminate changes in quality of life since March 2020, and provides value added by examining these results through a well-being lens. Specifically, the paper describes how selected aspects of well-being have been affected during the pandemic, focussing on income and wealth (financial well-being and resiliency), knowledge and skills (technology and children and youth schooling), work-life balance (child care and family bonds), health (mental health and persons with disabilities) and environmental quality (connecting with nature close to home).

Description:

This infographic highlights some of the results of the 2019 Survey of Household Spending. It shows how Canadian households allocated their spending to various categories of goods and services. It also presents average spending on principal accommodation in selected Canadian cities. Finally, it shows how Internet access, and cell phone and landline use have changed over time.

Description: This report is a product of the Pan-Canadian Education Indicators Program (PCEIP). It is intended to facilitate the comparison of educational systems in Canada's provinces and territories with those of countries that belong to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). The document presents a series of indicators harmonized to the definitions and methodologies used by the OECD in Education at a Glance. The indicators are designed to serve as a basis for decision making and for development of programs in the field of education.

PCEIP is an ongoing initiative of the Canadian Education Statistics Council: a partnership between Statistics Canada and the Council of Ministers of Education, Canada, that provides a set of statistical measures on education systems.

Description:

This study of data from the Distributions of Household Economic Accounts compares households' economic well-being from a macro-economic accounts perspective, as measured by net saving and net worth for each generation when the major income earner for a household in one generation reached the same point in the life cycle as the major income earner for a household in another generation. The study finds that while younger generations have higher disposable income and higher consumption expenditure than older generations when they reached the same age, their net saving is relatively similar. As well, younger generations' economic well-being may be more at risk due to the COVID-19 pandemic since they depend more on employment as a primary source of income, they have higher debt relative to income, and they have less equity in financial and real estate assets from which to draw upon when needed.

Description:

Over 80 indicators measure the health of the Canadian population and the effectiveness of the health care system. Designed to provide comparable information at the health region and provincial/territorial levels, these data are produced from a wide range of the most recently available sources.

This Internet publication is produced by Statistics Canada and the Canadian Institute for Health Information.

Description:

This presentation gives an overview of the topics discussed during the virtual roundtables on the 2021 Census of Population questionnaire content. The five main topics are the following: family, demography and activity limitations; languages, ethnocultural diversity and immigration (including citizenship, religion, population groups, minority language education rights); Indigenous peoples; education, labour, commuting, and Veterans; and housing, income and expenditures.

Description:

This fact sheet offers a concise overview of updated—new or modified—content for the 2021 Census of Population that is specific to the theme of income and expenditures, and housing, which includes the following topics: income and expenditures, and housing. The changes considered for these topics are explained, along with the resulting approach for 2021.

Description:

Using the 2016 Census and the 2017 Aboriginal Peoples Survey, the article highlights key measures of economic well being (low income, food security, ability to deal with unexpected expenses) for First Nations people, Métis and Inuit living in urban areas.

Description:

This paper shows how to estimate the effect of the Canada-United States border on non-energy goods trade at a sub-provincial/state level using Statistics Canada’s Surface Transportation File (STF), augmented with United States domestic trade data. It uses a gravity model framework to compare cross-border to domestic trade flows among 201 Canadian and United States regions in year 2012. It shows that some 25 years after the Canada-United States Free Trade Agreement (the North American Free Trade Agreement’s predecessor) was ratified, the cost of trading goods across the border still amounts to a 30% tariff on bilateral trade between Canadian and United States regions. The paper also demonstrates how these estimates can be used along with general equilibrium Poisson pseudo maximum likelihood (GEPPML) methods to describe the effect of changing border costs on North American trade patterns and regional welfare.

Description: The Public-Use Microdata File (PUMF) for the Survey of Household Spending (SHS) provides information on household expenditures as well as selected information on dwelling characteristics and household equipment. The production of this file includes many safeguards to prevent the identification of any one person or household.

PUMFs were produced on an annual basis for SHS 1997 to 2009, before a redesigned survey was introduced with the 2010 reference year. The SHS 2017 PUMF is the first SHS PUMF based on data collected after the 2010 survey redesign.

Due to changes to data collection, processing and estimation methods introduced with the 2010 redesign, users are advised not to compare data from SHS 1997 to 2009 with data from any subsequent years, unless otherwise noted.

Description: This dashboard displays average expenditure per household estimates by geography (Canada, regions, provinces; the three territorial capitals), household tenure, household type and household income quintile. For each domain, users can view, compare and download expenditure estimates for a number of spending categories, both as a time-series and for a specific reference year. Data are updated following the release of a Survey of Household Spending (SHS) cycle.

Description: The Industry Accounts Division of Statistics Canada publishes annual provincial supply and use tables. While these industry by product tables closely reflect actual economic transactions, certain analytical and modeling purposes, however, require symmetric industry-by-industry input-output tables. The provincial symmetric industry by industry tables show inter-industry transactions, that is, all purchases of an industry from all other industries including expenditures on imports and inventory withdrawals as well as all expenditures on primary inputs. Similarly, the provincial symmetric final demand tables show all purchases by a final demand category from all other industries, including expenditures on imports and inventory withdrawals as well as all expenditures on indirect taxes.

These tables are available at the Detail level and at the Link-1997, Link-1961 and Summary aggregations. Explanation on the methodology used is provided to the user by contacting the Industry Accounts Division of Statistics Canada.

Description: Records relate to the activities of visitors from abroad travelling within Canada: Non-residents of Canada, travellers, expenditures, length of stay, type of transportation, purpose of trip, accommodation used, places visited, and expenditure by categories.

The Visitor Travel Survey was introduced in January 2018 to replace the U.S. and overseas visitors to Canada component of the International Travel Survey.

Description: Records relate to the activities of Canadians travelling within Canada and abroad: Canadian residents; travellers; expenditures; length of stay; type of transportation; purpose of trip; accommodation used; places visited; expenditure by categories.

Description: The cross-sectional public-use microdata file for the Survey of Financial Security is a collection of income, assets, debts and wealth data on the economy of Canadian families. The production of this file includes many safeguards to prevent the identification of any one person or family.

The file is produced at the economic family level with information on family demographics; income; financial behaviours and attitudes; principal residence; assets, debts and net worth; family composition and size; and, in years 2005 onward, the major income recipient.

Please see the user guide for more information.  

Description: Canada at a Glance presents current statistics on Canadian society, including subjects such as the population, education, health, prices and the economy, among others. Updated yearly, this booklet is a very useful reference for those who want quick access to a current statistical portrait of Canada.

Description: Records relate to the activities of Canadians travelling outside the country and visitors to Canada: Canadian residents; travellers; non-residents; expenditures; length of stay; type of transportation; purpose of trip; accommodation used; places visited; expenditure by categories.

International travel data are collected in two flows: Canadian returning from abroad; visitors from the USA and from other countries to Canada.

Description: The Individuals File, 2011 National Household Survey (Public Use Microdata Files) provides data on the characteristics of the Canadian population. The file contains a 2.7% sample of anonymous responses to the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) questionnaire. The files have been carefully scrutinized to ensure the complete confidentiality of the individual responses and geographic identifiers have been restricted to provinces/territories and metropolitan areas. With 133 variables, this comprehensive tool is excellent for policy analysts, pollsters, social researchers and anyone interested in modelling and performing statistical regression analysis using National Household Survey data.

Microdata files uniquely provide users access to non-aggregated data. The PUMFs user can group and manipulate these variables to suit data and research requirements. Tabulations excluded from other NHS products can be created or relationships between variables can be analyzed using different statistical tests. PUMFs provide quick access to a comprehensive social and economic database about Canada and its people.

This product, offered on DVD-ROM, contains the data file (in ASCII format); user documentation and supporting information; all licence agreements; and SAS, SPSS and Stata program source codes to enable users to read the set of records. It is important to note that users will require knowledge of data manipulation packages (or software) such as SAS, SPSS or Stata to use this product.

Description: The Provincial and Territorial Tourism Satellite Account (PTTSA) provides an economic measure of the importance of tourism in terms of expenditures, gross domestic product and employment for each of the provinces and territories. It permits a comparison of tourism with other industries within a province or territory since the concepts and methods used are based on the framework of the Canadian System of National Accounts.

Description: The purpose of the Police Administration Survey (PAS) is to collect statistics on public policing personnel and expenditures from municipal, provincial and federal police services in Canada. The information collected is used by federal and provincial policy makers, individual police services as well as officials responsible for police budgets. The data are also used by the media for the purpose of providing information to the general public.

Description: These papers provide background information as well as in depth analysis on data reported in any of the following accounts: income and expenditure accounts, provincial economic accounts, financial flow accounts, national balance sheet accounts, estimates of labour income, and national tourism indicators.

Description: This feasibility study uses Statistics Canada’s Financial Information of Universities (FINUNI) survey to calculate financial ratios for universities. These ratios use standardized financial data from the FINUNI survey and allow comparisons from one institution to another and over time. These ratios will measure dependency on private and public funding, the expense proportion of wages and salaries, scholarships and bursary expenses, and other significant fixed and variable financial revenues and expenses.

Description: This infographic highlights some results from the 2023 Survey of Household Spending, such as how much Canadian households spent on various categories of goods and services and how it differed from 2021 and 2019.

Description: A novel index for estimating the expense of housing and transportation in Canada has been developed, based on the Center for Neighborhood Technology’s Housing + Transportation (H+T®) Affordability Index. By combining Census data and data from other statistical programs we obtain a composite index (the H+T Index) for all Aggregate Dissemination Areas of Canada, except for Territories and First Nations.

Description: Caring for children is among the key functions of families and the larger society. In Canada, the question of affordability issues for families with children has become an increasingly important area of public policy. Also, information on the monetary cost of meeting children’s needs for food, shelter, clothing, health care, and education is important for family planning and budgeting decisions made by people raising children.

Description: Although several national surveys have collected information on child care expenses from the parent perspective, information on the amount parents pay out of pocket per child has been limited. More recent information is necessary given the parameters of the Multilateral Early Learning and Child Care Framework (Employment and Social Development Canada, 2017) to work towards a shared vision of high-quality, accessible, flexible, inclusive and affordable child care in Canada. This study provides recent estimates of how much parents in Canada report paying for their 0- to 5-year-old child’s main child care arrangement in early 2022.

Description: This infographic provides a snapshot of how rising prices are affecting the Canadian population in 2022. It uses data from the Portrait of Canadian Society - Impacts of Rising Prices survey. It examines how recent rising prices are affecting Canadians' ability to meet day-to-day expenses, the areas in which people have been most affected and what people have started doing or are doing more than before to deal with rising prices.

Description: Decisions by economic agents, such as firms and consumers, depend on their views about inflation. Consumers’ views of inflation, are systematically higher than inflation measured by the Consumer Price Index (CPI), and more so for certain demographic groups. While measurement factors can explain part of this gap, behavioral factors appear to play a larger role. This article examines these factors to explain the gap between CPI’s inflation and inflation perceptions in Canada.

Description: Canada has faced profound economic and social impacts as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. This report brings together diverse findings which illuminate changes in quality of life since March 2020, and provides value added by examining these results through a well-being lens. Specifically, the paper describes how selected aspects of well-being have been affected during the pandemic, focussing on income and wealth (financial well-being and resiliency), knowledge and skills (technology and children and youth schooling), work-life balance (child care and family bonds), health (mental health and persons with disabilities) and environmental quality (connecting with nature close to home).

Description:

This paper provides some guidance to users on the use of medians and also gives some examples of situations when it can be a more appropriate measure than the average.

Description:

This report reviews the concepts measured and estimates produced by the Survey of Household Spending (SHS), previously called the Family Expenditure Survey (FAMEX), and the Homeowner Repair and Renovation Survey (HRRS).

Description:

How good are the National Tourism Indicators (NTI)? How can their quality be measured? This study looks to answer these questions through analysis of the revisions to the NTI estimates for the period 1997 through 2001.

Description:

This practical and informative guide for the construction industry will assist in navigating through numerous Statistics Canada products and services.

Description:

Like most statistical agencies, Statistics Canada publishes three Gross Domestic Product (GDP) series. These are the output-based GDP, the income-based GDP and the expenditure-based GDP. This document is aimed at describing the concepts, definitions, classifications and statistical methods underlying the output-based GDP series, also known as GDP by industry or simply monthly GDP.

The report is organized into seven chapters. Chapter 1 defines what GDP by industry is, describes its various uses and how it connects with the other components of the Canadian System of National Accounts. Chapter 2 deals with the calculation of the GDP by industry estimates. Chapter 3 examines industry and commodity classification schemes. Chapter 4 discusses the subject of deflation. The choice of deflators, the role of the base year and the method of rebasing are all addressed in this chapter. Chapter 5 looks at such technical issues as benchmarking, trading day and seasonal adjustment. Chapter 6 is devoted to the presentation of the GDP by industry, detailing the format, release dates and modes of dissemination, as well as the need and the frequency of revising the estimates. Finally, Chapter 7 reviews the historical development of monthly GDP from 1926 to the present.

Description:

The definition of the Information and communications technologies (ICT) sector will be modified to conform more closely to the international standard developed by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Specifically, libraries and the retailing of ICT commodities will be removed from the aggregation, but due to data limitations we will not include the repair of ICT equipment in our aggregation. The estimates will be reworked back to January 1997.

Description:

This guide presents information of interest to users of data from the Survey of Household Spending. Data are collected via personal interview conducted in January, February and March after the reference year using a paper questionnaire. Information is gathered about the spending habits, dwelling characteristics and household equipment of Canadian households during the reference year. The survey covers private households in the ten provinces. (The three territories are surveyed every second year starting in 2001.)

This guide includes definitions of survey terms and variables, as well as descriptions of survey methodology and data quality. There is also a section describing the various statistics that can be created using expenditure data (e.g., budget share, market share, and aggregates).

Description:

Under any degree of inflation, high or low, the values of changes in inventories (VPC) is generally different when it is calculated at the quarterly interval and the four quarters are aggregated into a year compared with its calculation done at the yearly interval. It is argued in this paper that it is an inherent problem as one of the basic axioms of annual accounts is violated, namely, the assumption of price homogeneity over an accounting period.

Description:

This guide presents information of interest to users of data from the Survey of Household Spending. Data are collected via personal interview conducted in January, February and March after the reference year using a paper questionnaire. Information is gathered about the spending habits, dwelling characteristics and household equipment of Canadian households during the reference year. The survey covers private households in the ten provinces and three territories. (The three territories are surveyed every second year.)

This guide includes definitions of survey terms and variables and descriptions of survey methodology and data quality. There is also a section describing the various statistics that can be created using expenditure data (e.g., budget share, market share, and aggregates).

Description:

This report summarizes the comments received in response to a discussion paper on low income cut-offs released in January 2000.