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1. Canadian Income Survey: Population rebasing, 2018 to 2023
Articles and reports: 75F0002M2026002
Description: To ensure the continued accuracy and quality of income statistics, the Canadian Income Survey (CIS) periodically revises its estimates to incorporate the most recent data from the Census of Population. Given the interconnectedness of the CIS and the Labour Force Survey (LFS), the CIS population-based revisions typically follow shortly after similar revisions are done to the LFS. Accordingly, with the release of the CIS 2024 data, Statistics Canada has revised estimates for 2018 to 2023 using population counts based on the 2021 Census. This paper presents a comparison between revised and unrevised estimates for key income series, and describes other modifications made to CIS variables.
Release date: 2026-05-20
2. T1 Redesign: T1 Partnership Identification Process Archived
Articles and reports: 11-522-X202500100022
Description: In Canada, T1 Tax forms are used to report personal income, whether earned as an employee or through self-employment. Income from self-employment, or "T1 Business Income" is reported by sole proprietorships or partnerships. A T1 partnership involves two or more legal entities jointly filing for a shared business. T1 business data is received as individual filings, meaning partnerships are received separately for each partner. Internal record linkage within the T1 business database is performed to identify partnerships and prevent overcoverage within the final population of T1 businesses. This new T1 partnership identification process takes advantage of newer algorithms, such as DBSCAN numerical clustering fuzzy matching, to identify internal linkages. Graph theory is used to construct the list of partnerships from the row-pairs identified in the linkage process.
Release date: 2025-09-08
3. Postsecondary enrolment rates by parental income: National and sub-national trends from 2001 to 2022
Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202500400002
Description: Obtaining a postsecondary education is an important factor in long-term labour market success and a key mechanism for achieving intergenerational income mobility. Previous research ending in 2014 documented substantial gaps in postsecondary enrolment rates between higher- and lower-income youth. The purpose of this short article is to update the results with more recent data from 2001 to 2022.
Release date: 2025-04-23
4. Sources of income of racialized individuals 65 years and over in Canada, 2020
Articles and reports: 89-657-X2025003
Description: Using data from the 2021 Census, this article explores disparities in access to different sources of income for individuals aged 65 and older. The study adopts an intersectional approach, taking into account factors such as age, gender, immigration status, and generational status.
Release date: 2025-02-03
5. Improvements to the Canadian Income Survey Methodology for the 2022 Reference Year
Articles and reports: 75F0002M2024005
Description: The Canadian Income Survey (CIS) has introduced improvements to the methods and data sources used to produce income and poverty estimates with the release of its 2022 reference year estimates. Foremost among these improvements is a significant increase in the sample size for a large subset of the CIS content. The weighting methodology was also improved and the target population of the CIS was changed from persons aged 16 years and over to persons aged 15 years and over. This paper describes the changes made and presents the approximate net result of these changes on the income estimates and data quality of the CIS using 2021 data. The changes described in this paper highlight the ways in which data quality has been improved while having little impact on key CIS estimates and trends.
Release date: 2024-04-26
6. Housing, wealth and debt: How are young Canadians adapting to current financial and housing pressures?
Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202400300004
Description: Barriers to important milestones and traditional adulthood transitions have intensified in Canada. Sustained food inflation, elevated housing prices, and increasingly unaffordable rental costs across much of the country are casting a shadow over the middle-class dream for many households—and, in particular, for young families. This article provides an overview of household balance sheets and key financial metrics for young families as they adjust to current market conditions and begin to build financial resilience.
Release date: 2024-03-27
7. Intergenerational income mobility in Canada: Research highlights from two recent studies
Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202301200001
Description: This article summarizes findings from an upcoming study in American Economic Journal: Applied Economics that compares absolute intergenerational income mobility rates – the fraction of adult children in the population whose income is higher than that earned by their parents at the same age, in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden and Finland. This article also discusses the findings of a pilot study in Measuring Distribution and Mobility of Income and Wealth which examines the impact of parental education on the transmission of income between generations using census data from the Intergenerational Income Database.
Release date: 2023-12-21
8. Improvements to the Canadian Income Survey Methodology for the 2021 Reference Year
Articles and reports: 75F0002M2023005
Description: The Canadian Income Survey (CIS) has introduced improvements to the methods and systems used to produce income estimates with the release of its 2021 reference year estimates. This paper describes the changes and presents the approximate net result of these changes on income estimates using data for 2019 and 2020. The changes described in this paper highlight the ways in which data quality has been improved while producing minimal impact on key CIS estimates and trends.
Release date: 2023-08-29
9. Registered education savings plan investments by family income and liquid wealth
Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202200900001
Description:
Registered Education Savings Plans (RESPs) are an important vehicle to help families save for postsecondary education. However, large differences in RESP savings persist between families of different income levels, despite targeted incentives aimed at encouraging low- and middle-income families to open RESP accounts and contribute to them. This article documents the differences in RESP contributions between families with different levels of income and liquid wealth.

Release date: 2022-09-28
10. Canadian Income Survey: Population rebasing, 2012 to 2019
Articles and reports: 75F0002M2022001
Description:
Periodically, income statistics are updated to reflect the most recent population estimates derived after the census. Accordingly, with the release of the 2020 data from the Canadian Income Survey (CIS), Statistics Canada has revised estimates for 2012 to 2019 using totals from population estimates based on the 2016 Census. This paper presents a comparison between revised and unrevised estimates for key income series, and describes other modifications made to CIS variables.

Release date: 2022-03-23

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Analysis (173)

Analysis (173) (0 to 10 of 173 results)

1. Canadian Income Survey: Population rebasing, 2018 to 2023
Articles and reports: 75F0002M2026002
Description: To ensure the continued accuracy and quality of income statistics, the Canadian Income Survey (CIS) periodically revises its estimates to incorporate the most recent data from the Census of Population. Given the interconnectedness of the CIS and the Labour Force Survey (LFS), the CIS population-based revisions typically follow shortly after similar revisions are done to the LFS. Accordingly, with the release of the CIS 2024 data, Statistics Canada has revised estimates for 2018 to 2023 using population counts based on the 2021 Census. This paper presents a comparison between revised and unrevised estimates for key income series, and describes other modifications made to CIS variables.
Release date: 2026-05-20
2. T1 Redesign: T1 Partnership Identification Process Archived
Articles and reports: 11-522-X202500100022
Description: In Canada, T1 Tax forms are used to report personal income, whether earned as an employee or through self-employment. Income from self-employment, or "T1 Business Income" is reported by sole proprietorships or partnerships. A T1 partnership involves two or more legal entities jointly filing for a shared business. T1 business data is received as individual filings, meaning partnerships are received separately for each partner. Internal record linkage within the T1 business database is performed to identify partnerships and prevent overcoverage within the final population of T1 businesses. This new T1 partnership identification process takes advantage of newer algorithms, such as DBSCAN numerical clustering fuzzy matching, to identify internal linkages. Graph theory is used to construct the list of partnerships from the row-pairs identified in the linkage process.
Release date: 2025-09-08
3. Postsecondary enrolment rates by parental income: National and sub-national trends from 2001 to 2022
Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202500400002
Description: Obtaining a postsecondary education is an important factor in long-term labour market success and a key mechanism for achieving intergenerational income mobility. Previous research ending in 2014 documented substantial gaps in postsecondary enrolment rates between higher- and lower-income youth. The purpose of this short article is to update the results with more recent data from 2001 to 2022.
Release date: 2025-04-23
4. Sources of income of racialized individuals 65 years and over in Canada, 2020
Articles and reports: 89-657-X2025003
Description: Using data from the 2021 Census, this article explores disparities in access to different sources of income for individuals aged 65 and older. The study adopts an intersectional approach, taking into account factors such as age, gender, immigration status, and generational status.
Release date: 2025-02-03
5. Improvements to the Canadian Income Survey Methodology for the 2022 Reference Year
Articles and reports: 75F0002M2024005
Description: The Canadian Income Survey (CIS) has introduced improvements to the methods and data sources used to produce income and poverty estimates with the release of its 2022 reference year estimates. Foremost among these improvements is a significant increase in the sample size for a large subset of the CIS content. The weighting methodology was also improved and the target population of the CIS was changed from persons aged 16 years and over to persons aged 15 years and over. This paper describes the changes made and presents the approximate net result of these changes on the income estimates and data quality of the CIS using 2021 data. The changes described in this paper highlight the ways in which data quality has been improved while having little impact on key CIS estimates and trends.
Release date: 2024-04-26
6. Housing, wealth and debt: How are young Canadians adapting to current financial and housing pressures?
Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202400300004
Description: Barriers to important milestones and traditional adulthood transitions have intensified in Canada. Sustained food inflation, elevated housing prices, and increasingly unaffordable rental costs across much of the country are casting a shadow over the middle-class dream for many households—and, in particular, for young families. This article provides an overview of household balance sheets and key financial metrics for young families as they adjust to current market conditions and begin to build financial resilience.
Release date: 2024-03-27
7. Intergenerational income mobility in Canada: Research highlights from two recent studies
Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202301200001
Description: This article summarizes findings from an upcoming study in American Economic Journal: Applied Economics that compares absolute intergenerational income mobility rates – the fraction of adult children in the population whose income is higher than that earned by their parents at the same age, in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden and Finland. This article also discusses the findings of a pilot study in Measuring Distribution and Mobility of Income and Wealth which examines the impact of parental education on the transmission of income between generations using census data from the Intergenerational Income Database.
Release date: 2023-12-21
8. Improvements to the Canadian Income Survey Methodology for the 2021 Reference Year
Articles and reports: 75F0002M2023005
Description: The Canadian Income Survey (CIS) has introduced improvements to the methods and systems used to produce income estimates with the release of its 2021 reference year estimates. This paper describes the changes and presents the approximate net result of these changes on income estimates using data for 2019 and 2020. The changes described in this paper highlight the ways in which data quality has been improved while producing minimal impact on key CIS estimates and trends.
Release date: 2023-08-29
9. Registered education savings plan investments by family income and liquid wealth
Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202200900001
Description:
Registered Education Savings Plans (RESPs) are an important vehicle to help families save for postsecondary education. However, large differences in RESP savings persist between families of different income levels, despite targeted incentives aimed at encouraging low- and middle-income families to open RESP accounts and contribute to them. This article documents the differences in RESP contributions between families with different levels of income and liquid wealth.

Release date: 2022-09-28
10. Canadian Income Survey: Population rebasing, 2012 to 2019
Articles and reports: 75F0002M2022001
Description:
Periodically, income statistics are updated to reflect the most recent population estimates derived after the census. Accordingly, with the release of the 2020 data from the Canadian Income Survey (CIS), Statistics Canada has revised estimates for 2012 to 2019 using totals from population estimates based on the 2016 Census. This paper presents a comparison between revised and unrevised estimates for key income series, and describes other modifications made to CIS variables.

Release date: 2022-03-23

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Date modified:: 2026-08-02