Census of Population

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The census provides a detailed statistical portrait of Canada and its people by their demographic, social and economic characteristics. This information is important for communities and is vital for planning services such as child care, schooling, family services, and skills training for employment.

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  • 1. The role of the Canada Emergency Response Benefit in alleviating the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the employment income of racialized workers
    Articles and reports: 75-006-X202400100004
    Description: Using data from the 2021 Census, this study investigates the financial impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on racialized workers, focusing on the change in median employment income from 2019 to 2020, and the extent to which payments from the Canada Emergency Response Benefit offset income losses in 2020 among workers affected by the pandemic. Differences between racialized and non-racialized workers are investigated, along with differences among groups of racialized workers, as well as the intersectionality of race and gender.
    Release date: 2024-05-23
  • 2. Highlights on Indigenous new entrants to postsecondary education
    Data Visualization: 71-607-X2024017
    Description: This interactive tool details the characteristics of Indigenous postsecondary students in Canada entering selected programs leading to a postsecondary credential. This tool includes information on the number of new students by Indigenous identity, educational qualification, field of study, age group, and gender.
    Release date: 2024-05-15
  • 3. New entrants to postsecondary education by Indigenous identity, educational qualification, field of study (STEM and BHASE (non-STEM) groupings), gender and age
    Table: 37-10-0264-01
    Geography: Canada, Geographical region of Canada, Province or territory
    Frequency: Occasional
    Description: Number of new entrants to postsecondary education by Indigenous identity, select educational qualifications (Classification of programs and credentials - professional degree variant), field of study (Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016 - STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics and computer sciences) and BHASE (business, humanities, health, arts, social science and education) groupings), gender and age group.
    Release date: 2024-05-15
  • 4. Maps and key facts on schooling in English-language schools in Quebec, 2021
    Articles and reports: 89-657-X2024003
    Description: This series of regional maps shows the number of school-aged children eligible to primary and secondary instruction in English in Quebec by census subdivision, and the proportion of these children who attend or have attended an English-language school in Canada. All the information provided comes from the 2021 Census of Population and the 2022 Open Database of Educational Facilities.
    Release date: 2024-05-14
  • 5. Indigenous foster children living in private households: Rates and sociodemographic characteristics of foster children and their households
    Articles and reports: 41-20-00022024001
    Description: The current study uses the 2011 National Household Survey and the 2016 and 2021 Censuses to provide data on the number of Indigenous foster children in private households, foster child rates, and disparity between Indigenous and non-Indigenous foster care rates between 2011 and 2021. Subsequently, select sociodemographic characteristics of Indigenous children in foster care and household characteristics are explored using the 2021 Census.
    Release date: 2024-04-18
  • 6. Income Explorer, 2021 Census
    Data Visualization: 98-505-X2021002
    Description:

    This interactive chart is comprised of two visualizations to show statistics of selected income sources by various characteristics and geographies.

    Release date: 2024-04-17
  • 7. Census Interactive Chart
    Data Visualization: 98-505-X
    Description: These interactive charts display various census data or indicators for selected geographies. Clicking a particular area of a chart allows users to customize their view and display different data or indicators.
    Release date: 2024-04-17
  • 8. 2026 Census of Population Content Consultation Results: What we heard from Canadians
    Notices and consultations: 92-137-X2024001
    Description: Data from the Census of Population are important for all communities and are vital to plan services that support education, employment, transportation, health care and housing. To maintain the relevance of the census, Statistics Canada evaluates and reviews the census questionnaire content for each census cycle. In preparation for the 2026 Census, Statistics Canada consulted Canadians from fall 2022 to spring 2023. Detailed responses were received from organizations and individuals representing federal, provincial, territorial and local government departments; First Nations people, Métis and Inuit; the general public; academia; special interest groups; and the private sector.

    This report focuses on the findings of the 2026 Census data needs consultation and stakeholder discussions. Chapter 1 explains whom we consulted. Chapter 2 describes the strength of census data users’ needs such as the size of the population of interest. Chapter 3 provides an assessment of the perceived data gaps in census content and the availability and suitability of alternative data sources. Chapter 4 focuses on information needs by census topic and how preparations for the 2024 Census Test will help meet these needs.
    Release date: 2024-04-17
  • 9. Census Program Content Consultation Report
    Notices and consultations: 92-137-X
    Description: User consultation is the first step in determining Census Program content. The findings of content consultations are presented in these reports.
    Release date: 2024-04-17
  • 10. Study: 2026 Census of Population Content Consultation Results
    Stats in brief: 11-001-X202410838012
    Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin
    Release date: 2024-04-17
Data (3,334)

Data (3,334) (10 to 20 of 3,334 results)

  • 11. Population who worked mainly full-time for most of the weeks during the reference year by visible minority, selected sociodemographic characteristics and the census year: Canada, geographical regions of Canada, provinces and territories and census metropolitan areas with parts
    Table: 98-10-0644-01
    Geography: Canada, Geographical region of Canada, Province or territory, Census metropolitan area, Census metropolitan area part
    Frequency: Occasional
    Universe: Persons in private households in occupied private dwellings, 2021 and 2016 censuses — 25% Sample data
    Variable list: Highest certificate, diploma or degree (6A), Gender (3a), Age and first official language spoken (10), Immigrant and generation status (9), Visible minority (15), Percent, Census year (2)
    Description: Population who worked mainly full-time for most of the weeks during the reference year by visible minority and selected characteristics (age group, gender, first official language spoken, immigrant status, period of immigration, generation status and highest certificate, diploma or degree), for the population aged 15 years and over in private households in Canada, geographical regions of Canada, provinces and territories and census metropolitan areas with parts.
    Release date: 2024-03-26
  • 12. Class of worker by visible minority, selected sociodemographic characteristics and the census year: Canada, geographical regions of Canada, provinces and territories and census metropolitan areas with parts
    Table: 98-10-0645-01
    Geography: Canada, Geographical region of Canada, Province or territory, Census metropolitan area, Census metropolitan area part
    Frequency: Occasional
    Universe: Persons in private households in occupied private dwellings, 2021 and 2016 censuses — 25% Sample data
    Variable list: Class of worker (5B), Gender (3a), Age and first official language spoken (10), Immigrant and generation status (9), Visible minority (15), Highest certificate, diploma or degree (6A), Percent, Census year (2)
    Description: Class of worker – variant on self-employed by visible minority and selected characteristics (age group, gender, first official language spoken, immigrant status, period of immigration, generation status and highest certificate, diploma or degree), for the population aged 15 years and over in private households in Canada, geographical regions of Canada, provinces and territories and census metropolitan areas with parts.
    Release date: 2024-03-26
  • 13. Legislative and senior management occupations by visible minority, selected sociodemographic characteristics and the census year: Canada, geographical regions of Canada, provinces and territories and census metropolitan areas with parts
    Table: 98-10-0646-01
    Geography: Canada, Geographical region of Canada, Province or territory, Census metropolitan area, Census metropolitan area part
    Frequency: Occasional
    Universe: Persons in private households in occupied private dwellings, 2021 and 2016 censuses — 25% Sample data
    Variable list: Highest certificate, diploma or degree (6A), Gender (3a), Age and first official language spoken (10), Immigrant and generation status (9), Visible minority (15), Percent, Census year (2)
    Description: Legislative and senior management occupations by visible minority and selected characteristics (age group, gender, first official language spoken, immigrant status, period of immigration, generation status, highest certificate, diploma or degree), for the population aged 15 years and over in private households in Canada, geographical regions of Canada, provinces and territories and census metropolitan areas with parts.
    Release date: 2024-03-26
  • 14. Youth not in education, employment or training by visible minority, selected sociodemographic characteristics and the census year: Canada, geographical regions of Canada, provinces and territories and census metropolitan areas with parts
    Table: 98-10-0648-01
    Geography: Canada, Geographical region of Canada, Province or territory, Census metropolitan area, Census metropolitan area part
    Frequency: Occasional
    Universe: Persons in private households in occupied private dwellings, 2021 and 2016 censuses — 25% Sample data
    Variable list: Visible minority (15), Gender (3a), Age (6), First official language spoken (5), Immigrant and generation status (7), Census year (2), Youth not in employment, education or training (1)
    Description: Youth not in education, employment or training by visible minority and selected characteristics (age group, gender, first official language spoken, immigrant and generation status), for the population aged 15 to 29 years old in private households in Canada, geographical regions of Canada, provinces and territories and census metropolitan areas with parts.
    Release date: 2024-03-26
  • 15. Overqualification (based on skill level C and D) by visible minority, selected sociodemographic characteristics and the census year: Canada, geographical regions of Canada, provinces and territories and census metropolitan areas with parts
    Table: 98-10-0650-01
    Geography: Canada, Geographical region of Canada, Province or territory, Census metropolitan area, Census metropolitan area part
    Frequency: Occasional
    Universe: Persons in private households in occupied private dwellings, 2021, 2016 and 2011 censuses — 25% Sample data
    Variable list: Highest certificate, diploma or degree and location of study (24), Gender (3a), Age (15A), First official language spoken (5), Immigrant and generation status (10), Occupation - (NOC) 2016 - Skill-level category (1), Census year (3), Visible minority (15)
    Description: Overqualification (based on skill level C and D) by visible minority and selected characteristics (age group, gender, first official language spoken, immigrant status, period of immigration, generation status and highest certificate, diploma or degree), for the population aged 15 years and over in private households in Canada, geographical regions of Canada, provinces and territories and census metropolitan areas with parts.
    Release date: 2024-03-26
  • 16. Census of Population: Public Use Microdata Files
    Public use microdata: 98M0001X
    Description: Census Public Use Microdata Files (PUMFs) provide access to non-aggregated data covering a sample of the Canadian population. It is a comprehensive social, demographic and economic database about Canada, its people, and contains a wealth of characteristics on the population. These files enable the study of individuals, families and households. Geographic identifiers have been restricted to ensure respondents’ anonymity. This comprehensive file is an excellent tool for policy analysts, pollsters, social researchers and anyone interested in modeling and performing statistical regression analysis using Census microdata.

    These products contain the data file, user documentation and license agreements. It is important to note that users will require knowledge of data manipulation packages (or software) such as SAS, SPSS or Stata to use this product.
    Release date: 2024-03-20
  • 17. Special Interest Profile, 2021 Census of Population
    Table: 98-26-0009
    Description: This product presents 2021 Census of Population characteristic data for nine separate profiles of interest, including: age; ethnic origin; first official language; immigration; income distribution by income source; mother tongue; poverty, COVID-19 benefits and high income; religion; and visible minority. Data are available for various levels of geography, including Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas, and communities with a 2021 population of 10,000 or greater.
    Release date: 2024-03-20
  • 18. Instruction in the minority official language of eligible school-aged children, by eligibility criterion, age group and level, 2021
    Table: 15-10-0038-01
    Geography: Canada, Province or territory, Census subdivision
    Frequency: Occasional
    Description: Number of eligible children aged 5 to 17 years who attended or who never attended an English-language school for residents of Quebec or a French-language school for residents of Canada outside Quebec. The data is presented by eligibility criterion, by age group, and by level for youth aged 12 to 17 years.
    Release date: 2024-03-14
  • 19. Rural Canada Housing Profiles, 2022
    Table: 45-20-00042024003
    Description: The Rural Canada Housing Profiles (RCHP) 2022 provides tables on housing in rural Canada. The tables were developed using data from several Statistics Canada programs: Canadian Housing Statistics Program (2021), Building Permits (2022) and Investment in Building Construction (2022). Information such as structure type (single or multiple residential property), year of construction, size of the building, and construction intentions (building permits issued by municipalities, number of units / value of the building) were used to provide a broader picture of housing stocks, flows and investments in rural and small town communities. The final output is five data tables (residential building permits; investment in residential building construction; residential property characteristics); occupied private dwelling characteristics; and private household characteristics).

    Data are organized geographically at the following levels (where applicable): Canada, provinces or territories, census subdivisions (CSD), and Rural and Small Town (RST) or urban areas of Canada. A CSD is considered to be 'Rural and Small Town (RST)' in the RCHP if it is outside of census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations (CMA/CA); otherwise, it is considered to be 'Urban'.
    Release date: 2024-03-01
  • 20. Rural Canada Housing Profiles, residential property characteristics
    Table: 46-10-0077-01
    Geography: Province or territory, Census subdivision
    Frequency: Annual
    Description: This table provides data on counts of residential properties, owner-assessed values, and total living area.
    Release date: 2024-03-01
Analysis (593)

Analysis (593) (0 to 10 of 593 results)

  • 1. The role of the Canada Emergency Response Benefit in alleviating the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the employment income of racialized workers
    Articles and reports: 75-006-X202400100004
    Description: Using data from the 2021 Census, this study investigates the financial impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on racialized workers, focusing on the change in median employment income from 2019 to 2020, and the extent to which payments from the Canada Emergency Response Benefit offset income losses in 2020 among workers affected by the pandemic. Differences between racialized and non-racialized workers are investigated, along with differences among groups of racialized workers, as well as the intersectionality of race and gender.
    Release date: 2024-05-23
  • 2. Maps and key facts on schooling in English-language schools in Quebec, 2021
    Articles and reports: 89-657-X2024003
    Description: This series of regional maps shows the number of school-aged children eligible to primary and secondary instruction in English in Quebec by census subdivision, and the proportion of these children who attend or have attended an English-language school in Canada. All the information provided comes from the 2021 Census of Population and the 2022 Open Database of Educational Facilities.
    Release date: 2024-05-14
  • 3. Indigenous foster children living in private households: Rates and sociodemographic characteristics of foster children and their households
    Articles and reports: 41-20-00022024001
    Description: The current study uses the 2011 National Household Survey and the 2016 and 2021 Censuses to provide data on the number of Indigenous foster children in private households, foster child rates, and disparity between Indigenous and non-Indigenous foster care rates between 2011 and 2021. Subsequently, select sociodemographic characteristics of Indigenous children in foster care and household characteristics are explored using the 2021 Census.
    Release date: 2024-04-18
  • 4. Study: 2026 Census of Population Content Consultation Results
    Stats in brief: 11-001-X202410838012
    Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin
    Release date: 2024-04-17
  • 5. Statistics on social inclusion for ethnocultural groups in Canada: New products and selected results on the evolution of education among racialized groups 2006 to 2021
    Stats in brief: 11-001-X202408637504
    Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin
    Release date: 2024-03-26
  • 6. Prevalence of low income among persons in one-parent families headed by an immigrant parent: An intersectional analysis
    Articles and reports: 45-20-00022024001
    Description: Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, this article examines the prevalence of low income among persons in one-parent families with an immigrant parent. This article explores the prevalence of low income according to characteristics of the parent (e.g., admission category, period of immigration) and their family and household (e.g., number of children, household type).
    Release date: 2024-03-25
  • 7. Low income among persons in one-parent families headed by an immigrant parent
    Stats in brief: 11-627-M2024014
    Description: Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, this infographic examines the prevalence of low income among persons in one-parent families with an immigrant parent. This infographic explores the prevalence of low income among persons in one-parent families according to the parent’s admission category and racialized group, as well as the presence of young children in the family.
    Release date: 2024-03-25
  • 8. Maps and key facts on participation in regular French programs in Canada outside Quebec, 2021
    Articles and reports: 89-657-X2024001
    Description: This series of provincial, territorial and regional maps shows the number of school-aged children eligible to primary and secondary instruction in French in Canada outside Quebec by census subdivision, and the proportion of these children who attend or have attended a French-language school in Canada. All the information provided comes from the 2021 Census of Population and the 2022 Open Database of Educational Facilities.
    Release date: 2024-03-14
  • 9. International Women's Day 2024
    Stats in brief: 89-28-0001202200100009
    Description: International Women’s Day, March 8, 2024, is an opportunity to highlight the status of progress made towards achieving gender equality, as well as celebrate women’s and girls’ social, economic, cultural, and political contributions and achievements. This article uses data from various Statistics Canada sources to examine women’s and girls’ experiences with poverty in Canada through an intersectional lens.
    Release date: 2024-03-08
  • 10. A portrait of official language minority owned businesses that received federal business innovation and growth support, 2020
    Articles and reports: 11-621-M2023017
    Description: This article provides a profile of official language minority owned businesses who received federal business innovation and growth support to better understand their demographics and business characteristics, including the age and gender of the owners, the business size and its revenues, the geography of operations, the level of support received, and the distribution of businesses across industries.
    Release date: 2024-02-29
Reference (206)

Reference (206) (0 to 10 of 206 results)

  • 1. 2026 Census of Population Content Consultation Results: What we heard from Canadians
    Notices and consultations: 92-137-X2024001
    Description: Data from the Census of Population are important for all communities and are vital to plan services that support education, employment, transportation, health care and housing. To maintain the relevance of the census, Statistics Canada evaluates and reviews the census questionnaire content for each census cycle. In preparation for the 2026 Census, Statistics Canada consulted Canadians from fall 2022 to spring 2023. Detailed responses were received from organizations and individuals representing federal, provincial, territorial and local government departments; First Nations people, Métis and Inuit; the general public; academia; special interest groups; and the private sector.

    This report focuses on the findings of the 2026 Census data needs consultation and stakeholder discussions. Chapter 1 explains whom we consulted. Chapter 2 describes the strength of census data users’ needs such as the size of the population of interest. Chapter 3 provides an assessment of the perceived data gaps in census content and the availability and suitability of alternative data sources. Chapter 4 focuses on information needs by census topic and how preparations for the 2024 Census Test will help meet these needs.
    Release date: 2024-04-17
  • 2. Census Program Content Consultation Report
    Notices and consultations: 92-137-X
    Description: User consultation is the first step in determining Census Program content. The findings of content consultations are presented in these reports.
    Release date: 2024-04-17
  • 3. Reference guide on the social inclusion indicators for ethnocultural groups in Canada, 2024
    Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 89-657-X2024002
    Description: This document presents a complete list of the social inclusion indicators for ethnocultural groups in Canada that are available on the homepage of our Gender, Diversity and Inclusion Statistics Hub. The information provided for each indicator includes a short description of the corresponding derivation, available data sources, reference years and accessible levels of geographical and disaggregation. Each indicator has a corresponding products number (data tables, visualization tools and analytical documents). This document has been updated to reflect the social inclusion indicators and associated products that are available in 2024.
    Release date: 2024-03-26
  • 4. Study on the Underclassification of Children Eligible for Instruction in the Minority Official Language in the 2021 Census
    Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 98-26-0008
    Description: This report presents the results of a study on the estimated number of children eligible for instruction in the minority official language, pursuant to section 23 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, who were classified as ineligible in the 2021 Census because relationships between family members living at different addresses could not be established within this data source. Using other data sources, including previous censuses and administrative data (such as vital statistics and tax data), we were able to establish these family relationships within the 2021 Census. This report presents the methods and data sources used first, then the results by selected regions and age groups.
    Release date: 2024-03-26
  • 5. Indigenous Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population
    Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 98-307-X
    Description:

    This report deals with Indigenous identity, Indigenous ancestry, Indigenous group, Registered or Treaty Indian status, Membership in a First Nation or Indian band, Membership in a Métis organization or Settlement, and Enrollment under an Inuit land claims agreement, and contains explanations of concepts, data quality, historical comparability and comparability with other sources, as well as information on data collection, processing and dissemination.

    Release date: 2024-03-20
  • 6. Sampling and Weighting Technical Report, Census of Population
    Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 98-306-X
    Description:

    This report describes sampling, weighting and estimation procedures used in the Census of Population. It provides operational and theoretical justifications for them, and presents the results of the evaluations of these procedures.

    Release date: 2023-10-04
  • 7. Census Subdivision Boundary File
    Geographic files and documentation: 92-162-X
    Description: The Census Subdivision Boundary File contains the boundaries of all census subdivisions which combined cover all of Canada. A census subdivision is a municipality or an area treated as an equivalent to a municipality for statistical purposes (for example, Indian reserves and unorganized territories). The file provides a framework for mapping and spatial analysis using commercially available geographic information systems (GIS) or other mapping software.

    The Census Subdivision Boundary File is portrayed in Lambert conformal conic projection and is based on the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD83). A reference guide is available (92-162-G).

    Release date: 2023-07-13
  • 8. Road Network File
    Geographic files and documentation: 92-500-X
    Geography: Canada
    Description: The Road Network File (RNF) is a digital representation of Canada's national road network, containing information such as street names, types, directions and address ranges. The information comes from the National Geographic Database (NGD).

    A reference guide is available (92-500-G).

    Release date: 2023-07-13
  • 9. Census Subdivision Boundary File, Reference Guide
    Geographic files and documentation: 92-162-G
    Description: This reference guide is intended for users of the Census Subdivisions Boundary File. The guide provides an overview of the file, the general methodology used to create it, and important technical information for users.
    Release date: 2023-07-12
  • 10. Interim List of Changes to Municipal Boundaries, Status, and Names
    Notices and consultations: 92F0009X
    Description: This report provides a summary of changes to municipal boundaries, status and names. The list is usually produced on an annual basis for changes that occurred during the previous year. A five year list is produced on Census of population years.
    Release date: 2023-07-12
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Census Profile

This profile presents information from the 2011 Census of Population for various levels of geography, including provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas, communities, census tracts and health regions. The profile includes characteristics such as population, age, sex, dwellings, families, marital status and language.

Focus on Geography Series

Focusing on a selected geographic area, this product presents data highlights for each of the major releases of the 2011 Census. These data highlights are presented through text, tables and figures. The geographic levels presented in this product include Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations, and census subdivisions with a 2011 Census population greater than or equal to 5,000.

Census Dictionary

The Census Dictionary is a reference document which contains detailed definitions of Census of Population concepts, universes, variables, and geographic terms, as well as historical information.