Census of Population

The census provides a detailed statistical portrait of Canada and its people by their demographic, social and economic characteristics. This information is important for communities and is vital for planning services such as child care, schooling, family services, and skills training for employment.

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Census of Population
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All (806) (0 to 10 of 806 results)

  • Articles and reports: 41-20-00022024001
    Description: The current study uses the 2011 National Household Survey and the 2016 and 2021 Censuses to provide data on the number of Indigenous foster children in private households, foster child rates, and disparity between Indigenous and non-Indigenous foster care rates between 2011 and 2021. Subsequently, select sociodemographic characteristics of Indigenous children in foster care and household characteristics are explored using the 2021 Census.
    Release date: 2024-04-18

  • Articles and reports: 45-20-00022024001
    Description: Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, this article examines the prevalence of low income among persons in one-parent families with an immigrant parent. This article explores the prevalence of low income according to characteristics of the parent (e.g., admission category, period of immigration) and their family and household (e.g., number of children, household type).
    Release date: 2024-03-25

  • Stats in brief: 11-627-M2024014
    Description: Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, this infographic examines the prevalence of low income among persons in one-parent families with an immigrant parent. This infographic explores the prevalence of low income among persons in one-parent families according to the parent’s admission category and racialized group, as well as the presence of young children in the family.
    Release date: 2024-03-25

  • Public use microdata: 98M0001X
    Description: Census Public Use Microdata Files (PUMFs) provide access to non-aggregated data covering a sample of the Canadian population. It is a comprehensive social, demographic and economic database about Canada, its people, and contains a wealth of characteristics on the population. These files enable the study of individuals, families and households. Geographic identifiers have been restricted to ensure respondents’ anonymity. This comprehensive file is an excellent tool for policy analysts, pollsters, social researchers and anyone interested in modeling and performing statistical regression analysis using Census microdata.

    These products contain the data file, user documentation and license agreements. It is important to note that users will require knowledge of data manipulation packages (or software) such as SAS, SPSS or Stata to use this product.
    Release date: 2024-03-20

  • Table: 98-10-0083-01
    Geography: Canada, Province or territory, Census metropolitan area, Census metropolitan area part
    Frequency: Occasional
    Universe: Married spouses or common-law partners in private households, 2021 Census — 100% data
    Variable list: Couples by distribution of income between married spouses or common-law partners (47), Presence of children 0 to 17 in census family (5), Characteristics of couple (19)
    Description: Distribution of income between married spouses or common-law partners and characteristics of couples, including presence of children for married spouses or common-law partners.
    Release date: 2023-11-15

  • Table: 98-10-0084-01
    Geography: Canada
    Frequency: Occasional
    Universe: Married spouses or common-law partners in private households, 2021 Census — 100% data
    Variable list: Couples by distribution of income between married spouses or common-law partners (68), Gender diversity status of couple family (7), Presence of children 0 to 17 in census family (5), Characteristics of couple (19)
    Description: Distribution of income between married spouses or common-law partners by characteristics of couples, including gender diversity status of couples and presence of children for married spouses or common-law partners.
    Release date: 2023-11-15

  • Table: 98-10-0147-01
    Geography: Canada, Province or territory, Census metropolitan area, Census agglomeration, Census metropolitan area part, Census agglomeration part
    Frequency: Occasional
    Universe: Population aged 17 and over in census families in private households, 2021 Census — 25% Sample data
    Variable list: Census family status and household living arrangements (6), Number of children (6), Age of youngest child (7), Age (15D), Gender (3), Statistics (3), Military service status (4A)
    Description: Data on military service status by census family status and household living arrangements, number of children, age of youngest child, age and gender for the population aged 17 years and over in census families in private households in Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations with parts.
    Release date: 2023-11-15

  • Public use microdata: 95M0007X
    Description: Microdata files are unique among census products in that they give users access to unaggregated data. This makes the public use microdata files (PUMFs) powerful research tools. Each file contains anonymous individual responses on a large number of variables. The PUMF user can group and manipulate these variables to suit his/her own data and research requirements. Tabulations not included in other census products can be created or relationships between variables can be analysed by using different statistical tests. PUMFs provide quick access to a comprehensive social and economic database about Canada and its people. All subject-matter covered by the census is included in the microdata files. However, to ensure the anonymity of the respondents, geographic identifiers have been restricted to the provinces/territories and large metropolitan areas. Microdata files have traditionally been disseminated on magnetic tape, which required access to a mainframe computer. For the first time, the 1991 PUMFs will also be available on CD-ROM for microcomputer applications. This file contains data based on a 3% of the population enumerated in the 1991 Census. It provides information on the demographic, social and economic characteristics of the Canadian population. The Individual File allows users to return to the base unit of the census, enabling them to group and manipulate the data to suit their own data and research requirements.

    This product provides two basic tools to assist users in accessing and using the 1991 Census Public Use Microdata File - Individuals CD-ROM.

    Release date: 2023-09-12

  • Public use microdata: 95M0008X
    Description: Microdata files are unique among census products in that they give users access to unaggregated data. This makes the public use microdata files (PUMFs) powerful research tools. Each file contains anonymous individual responses on a large number of variables. The PUMF user can group and manipulate these variables to suit his/her own data and research requirements. Tabulations not included in other census products can be created or relationships between variables can be analysed by using different statistical tests. PUMFs provide quick access to a comprehensive social and economic database about Canada and its people. All subject-matter covered by the census is included in the microdata files. However, to ensure the anonymity of the respondents, geographic identifiers have been restricted to the provinces/territories and large metropolitan areas. Microdata files have traditionally been disseminated on magnetic tape, which required access to a mainframe computer. For the first time, the 1991 PUMFs will also be available on CD-ROM for microcomputer applications. This file contains data based on a 3% of the population enumerated in the 1991 Census. It provides information on the demographic, social and economic characteristics of the Canadian population. The Households and Housing File allows users to return to the base unit of the census, enabling them to group and manipulate the data to suit their own data and research requirements.

    This product provides two basic tools to assist users in accessing and using the 1991 Census Public Use Microdata File - Households and Housing CD-ROM.

    Release date: 2023-09-12

  • Public use microdata: 95M0010X
    Description: This file provides data on the characteristics of the population such as ethnic origin, labour force activity and income levels. It contains 122 variables.

    The Microdata Files contain samples of anonymous responses to the 1996 Census questionnaire. The files have been carefully scrutinized to ensure the complete confidentiality of the individual responses. PUMFs enable the development of statistical information about Canadians, the families and households to which they belong, and the dwellings in which they live.

    Microdata files are unique among census products in that they give users access to non-aggregated data. This makes PUMFs a powerful research tools. The user can group and manipulate these variables to suit his/her own data and research requirements. These provide quick access to a comprehensive social and economic database about Canada and its people.

    All subject matter covered by the census is included in these files.

    The 1996 PUMFs will only be released on CD-ROM using microcomputer applications.

    Release date: 2023-09-12
Data (751)

Data (751) (0 to 10 of 751 results)

  • Public use microdata: 98M0001X
    Description: Census Public Use Microdata Files (PUMFs) provide access to non-aggregated data covering a sample of the Canadian population. It is a comprehensive social, demographic and economic database about Canada, its people, and contains a wealth of characteristics on the population. These files enable the study of individuals, families and households. Geographic identifiers have been restricted to ensure respondents’ anonymity. This comprehensive file is an excellent tool for policy analysts, pollsters, social researchers and anyone interested in modeling and performing statistical regression analysis using Census microdata.

    These products contain the data file, user documentation and license agreements. It is important to note that users will require knowledge of data manipulation packages (or software) such as SAS, SPSS or Stata to use this product.
    Release date: 2024-03-20

  • Table: 98-10-0083-01
    Geography: Canada, Province or territory, Census metropolitan area, Census metropolitan area part
    Frequency: Occasional
    Universe: Married spouses or common-law partners in private households, 2021 Census — 100% data
    Variable list: Couples by distribution of income between married spouses or common-law partners (47), Presence of children 0 to 17 in census family (5), Characteristics of couple (19)
    Description: Distribution of income between married spouses or common-law partners and characteristics of couples, including presence of children for married spouses or common-law partners.
    Release date: 2023-11-15

  • Table: 98-10-0084-01
    Geography: Canada
    Frequency: Occasional
    Universe: Married spouses or common-law partners in private households, 2021 Census — 100% data
    Variable list: Couples by distribution of income between married spouses or common-law partners (68), Gender diversity status of couple family (7), Presence of children 0 to 17 in census family (5), Characteristics of couple (19)
    Description: Distribution of income between married spouses or common-law partners by characteristics of couples, including gender diversity status of couples and presence of children for married spouses or common-law partners.
    Release date: 2023-11-15

  • Table: 98-10-0147-01
    Geography: Canada, Province or territory, Census metropolitan area, Census agglomeration, Census metropolitan area part, Census agglomeration part
    Frequency: Occasional
    Universe: Population aged 17 and over in census families in private households, 2021 Census — 25% Sample data
    Variable list: Census family status and household living arrangements (6), Number of children (6), Age of youngest child (7), Age (15D), Gender (3), Statistics (3), Military service status (4A)
    Description: Data on military service status by census family status and household living arrangements, number of children, age of youngest child, age and gender for the population aged 17 years and over in census families in private households in Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations with parts.
    Release date: 2023-11-15

  • Public use microdata: 95M0007X
    Description: Microdata files are unique among census products in that they give users access to unaggregated data. This makes the public use microdata files (PUMFs) powerful research tools. Each file contains anonymous individual responses on a large number of variables. The PUMF user can group and manipulate these variables to suit his/her own data and research requirements. Tabulations not included in other census products can be created or relationships between variables can be analysed by using different statistical tests. PUMFs provide quick access to a comprehensive social and economic database about Canada and its people. All subject-matter covered by the census is included in the microdata files. However, to ensure the anonymity of the respondents, geographic identifiers have been restricted to the provinces/territories and large metropolitan areas. Microdata files have traditionally been disseminated on magnetic tape, which required access to a mainframe computer. For the first time, the 1991 PUMFs will also be available on CD-ROM for microcomputer applications. This file contains data based on a 3% of the population enumerated in the 1991 Census. It provides information on the demographic, social and economic characteristics of the Canadian population. The Individual File allows users to return to the base unit of the census, enabling them to group and manipulate the data to suit their own data and research requirements.

    This product provides two basic tools to assist users in accessing and using the 1991 Census Public Use Microdata File - Individuals CD-ROM.

    Release date: 2023-09-12

  • Public use microdata: 95M0008X
    Description: Microdata files are unique among census products in that they give users access to unaggregated data. This makes the public use microdata files (PUMFs) powerful research tools. Each file contains anonymous individual responses on a large number of variables. The PUMF user can group and manipulate these variables to suit his/her own data and research requirements. Tabulations not included in other census products can be created or relationships between variables can be analysed by using different statistical tests. PUMFs provide quick access to a comprehensive social and economic database about Canada and its people. All subject-matter covered by the census is included in the microdata files. However, to ensure the anonymity of the respondents, geographic identifiers have been restricted to the provinces/territories and large metropolitan areas. Microdata files have traditionally been disseminated on magnetic tape, which required access to a mainframe computer. For the first time, the 1991 PUMFs will also be available on CD-ROM for microcomputer applications. This file contains data based on a 3% of the population enumerated in the 1991 Census. It provides information on the demographic, social and economic characteristics of the Canadian population. The Households and Housing File allows users to return to the base unit of the census, enabling them to group and manipulate the data to suit their own data and research requirements.

    This product provides two basic tools to assist users in accessing and using the 1991 Census Public Use Microdata File - Households and Housing CD-ROM.

    Release date: 2023-09-12

  • Public use microdata: 95M0010X
    Description: This file provides data on the characteristics of the population such as ethnic origin, labour force activity and income levels. It contains 122 variables.

    The Microdata Files contain samples of anonymous responses to the 1996 Census questionnaire. The files have been carefully scrutinized to ensure the complete confidentiality of the individual responses. PUMFs enable the development of statistical information about Canadians, the families and households to which they belong, and the dwellings in which they live.

    Microdata files are unique among census products in that they give users access to non-aggregated data. This makes PUMFs a powerful research tools. The user can group and manipulate these variables to suit his/her own data and research requirements. These provide quick access to a comprehensive social and economic database about Canada and its people.

    All subject matter covered by the census is included in these files.

    The 1996 PUMFs will only be released on CD-ROM using microcomputer applications.

    Release date: 2023-09-12

  • Public use microdata: 95M0011X
    Description: This file provides housing information - type of structure, number of rooms, shelter costs - along with details of household composition and socio-economic information pertaining to the household maintainers and their families. It contains 137 variables.

    The Microdata Files contain samples of anonymous responses to the 1996 Census questionnaire. The files have been carefully scrutinized to ensure the complete confidentiality of the individual responses. PUMFs enable the development of statistical information about Canadians, the families and households to which they belong, and the dwellings in which they live.

    Microdata files are unique among census products in that they give users access to non-aggregated data. This makes PUMFs a powerful research tools. The user can group and manipulate these variables to suit his/her own data and research requirements. These provide quick access to a comprehensive social and economic database about Canada and its people.

    All subject matter covered by the census is included in these files.

    The 1996 PUMFs will only be released on CD-ROM using microcomputer applications.

    Release date: 2023-09-12

  • Public use microdata: 95M0012X
    Description: This file contains details of family composition in Canada. It features 145 variables, such as information on labour force activity and income for census family and non-family persons.

    The Microdata Files contain samples of anonymous responses to the 1996 Census questionnaire. The files have been carefully scrutinized to ensure the complete confidentiality of the individual responses. PUMFs enable the development of statistical information about Canadians, the families and households to which they belong, and the dwellings in which they live.

    Microdata files are unique among census products in that they give users access to non-aggregated data. This makes PUMFs a powerful research tools. The user can group and manipulate these variables to suit his/her own data and research requirements. These provide quick access to a comprehensive social and economic database about Canada and its people.

    All subject matter covered by the census is included in these files.

    The 1996 PUMFs will only be released on CD-ROM using microcomputer applications.

    Release date: 2023-09-12

  • Public use microdata: 95M0016X
    Description: This file provides data on the characteristics of the population. The 2001 Census Public Use Microdata Files (PUMFs) contain samples of anonymous responses to the 2001 Census questionnaire. The files have been carefully scrutinized to ensure the complete confidentiality of the individual responses. Three files are available: the Individuals File, the Families File, and the Households and Housing File.

    Microdata files are unique among census products in that they give users access to non-aggregated data. The PUMFs user can group and manipulate these variables to suit data and research requirements. Tabulations excluded from other census products can be created or relationships between variables can be analysed using different statistical tests. PUMFs provide quick access to a comprehensive social and economic database about Canada and its people.

    Most of the subject matter covered by the census is included in the microdata files. To ensure the respondents' anonymity, geographic identifiers have been restricted to provinces/territories and large metropolitan areas.

    Note: Please be advised that errors have been detected in the data for two variables contained on the revised version of this CD-ROM. As well, we have added a unique record identifier called PPSORT, built/included in the file for administrative purposes only. The affected variables are: Income status (2000 low income cut-offs) (INCSTP) Ethnic origin (ETHNICRA) Further details can be found in the "Errata" file offered in several formats on the new, re-issued CD-ROM. Original release date - February 8, 2005 1rst Correction - released August 24, 2005 2nd Correction - released April 26, 2006

    Release date: 2023-09-12
Analysis (48)

Analysis (48) (0 to 10 of 48 results)

  • Articles and reports: 41-20-00022024001
    Description: The current study uses the 2011 National Household Survey and the 2016 and 2021 Censuses to provide data on the number of Indigenous foster children in private households, foster child rates, and disparity between Indigenous and non-Indigenous foster care rates between 2011 and 2021. Subsequently, select sociodemographic characteristics of Indigenous children in foster care and household characteristics are explored using the 2021 Census.
    Release date: 2024-04-18

  • Articles and reports: 45-20-00022024001
    Description: Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, this article examines the prevalence of low income among persons in one-parent families with an immigrant parent. This article explores the prevalence of low income according to characteristics of the parent (e.g., admission category, period of immigration) and their family and household (e.g., number of children, household type).
    Release date: 2024-03-25

  • Stats in brief: 11-627-M2024014
    Description: Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, this infographic examines the prevalence of low income among persons in one-parent families with an immigrant parent. This infographic explores the prevalence of low income among persons in one-parent families according to the parent’s admission category and racialized group, as well as the presence of young children in the family.
    Release date: 2024-03-25

  • Stats in brief: 11-001-X202219432985
    Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin
    Release date: 2022-07-13

  • Stats in brief: 11-001-X202219432986
    Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin
    Release date: 2022-07-13

  • Stats in brief: 98-20-00032021013
    Description:

    This video is designed to give you a basic understanding of the demographic variable "marital status" and how this variable is created and used. The concepts legal marital status, common-law status and de-facto marital status, are explained to allow you to better understand, analyze and build census data tables using the marital status variable.

    Release date: 2022-07-13

  • Stats in brief: 98-20-00032021014
    Description:

    The objective of this video is to explain the different types of families i.e. census families and economic families. It presents the concepts and variables related to families such as household type, family structure and the living arrangements of individuals. Family-related characteristics and concepts can apply to families, individuals (those in families or not) or households.

    Release date: 2022-07-13

  • Stats in brief: 11-001-X202116631184
    Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin
    Release date: 2021-06-15

  • Stats in brief: 11-001-X202113829364
    Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin
    Release date: 2021-05-18

  • Articles and reports: 11F0019M2021005
    Description:

    This study provides the first socioeconomic profile of women board directors and officers in Canada from an intersectional lens. Linking data from the Corporations Returns Act with those from the 2016 Census, exploratory estimates are presented. The study analyzes disparities in family, work and income characteristics, mainly by gender and visible minority status. Further, it informs on the types of businesses in which diverse women executives contribute to corporate governance and strategic decision making.

    Release date: 2021-05-18
Reference (10)

Reference (10) ((10 results))

  • Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 98-500-X2021002
    Description: This reference guide provides information to help users effectively use and interpret family, household and marital status data from the 2021 Census. This guide contains definitions and explanations of concepts, questions, classifications, data quality and comparability with other sources for this topic.
    Release date: 2022-07-13

  • Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 98-20-00012021002
    Description: This fact sheet provides a concise description of the context and definitions related to a new concept, the gender diversity status of couples. Data and analysis on gender diversity status of couples will be available in the July 13, 2022 census release as part of the theme of families, households and marital status.
    Release date: 2022-06-14

  • Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 98-509-X
    Description:

    This product presents 2016 Census highlights on core housing need. Tables and a figure feature distributions, rates and multiple dimensions of core housing need from current and previous censuses for various levels of geography. A short explanation of the indicator and references to other resources as well as downloadable materials are also provided.

    Release date: 2017-11-15

  • Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 98-500-X2016002
    Description:

    This guide focuses on the following topic: Family variables. Provides information that enables users to effectively use, apply and interpret data from the 2016 Census. Each guide contains definitions and explanations on census concepts, talks about changes made to the 2016 Census, data quality and historical comparability, as well as comparison with other data sources. Additional information will be included for specific variables to help general users better understand the concepts and questions used in the census.

    Release date: 2017-08-02

  • Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 98-501-X2016004
    Description:

    The Families, households and marital status Release and concepts overview provides an overview of the concepts, definitions and key measures used in the 2016 Census of Population Families, households and marital status release, as well as the products which will be available on release day and later.

    Release date: 2017-06-16

  • Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 98-312-X2011005
    Description:

    This guide focuses on the following topic: Family variables. Provides information that enables users to effectively use, apply and interpret data from the 2011 Census. Each guide contains definitions and explanations on census concepts, talks about changes made to the 2011 Census, data quality and historical comparability, as well as comparison with other data sources. Additional information will be included for specific variables to help general users better understand the concepts and questions used in the census.

    Release date: 2012-09-19

  • Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 97-553-G2006003
    Description:

    This guide focuses on the following topic: Family variables.

    Provides information that enables users to effectively use, apply and interpret data from the 2006 Census. Each guide contains definitions and explanations on census concepts, data quality and historical comparability. Additional information will be included for specific variables to help general users better understand the concepts and questions used in the census.

    Release date: 2007-10-31

  • Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 92-382-X
    Description:

    This report discusses data quality pertaining to household variables (tenure, household maintainer, owner's major payments and gross rent) and dwelling characteristics (structural type of dwelling, number of rooms, number of bedrooms, period of construction, condition of dwelling and value of dwelling). The report also describes the various aspects of data processing that could impact data quality.

    Release date: 2003-12-18

  • Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 92-381-X
    Description:

    This report presents the concepts relating to census families and economic families. It discusses the changes made to the definition of the census family for 2001, and how historical comparability is affected. The report also describes aspects of data collection and processing that could have an impact on the quality of the variable Relationship to Person 1, and how this variable, along with the related demographic variables - sex, age, marital status and common-law status - is processed to ensure consistency and to produce derived variables at the family level.

    Release date: 2003-11-25

  • Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 92-380-X
    Description:

    This report focuses on five demographic variables: date of birth, age, sex, marital status and common-law status. The report describes how the data were collected, verified, processed, edited and imputed. The final section covers how the data were evaluated.

    Release date: 2003-10-28