Earnings, wages and non-wage benefits

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This study extends previous work on the evolution of the education premium, and investigates the existence of diverging university/high school earnings ratio trends across industries in the knowledge-based economy. The study also discusses the changing demand for high-skilled workers by comparing relative wages of university graduates holding degrees in "applied" fields to those of other university graduates (the "field" premium).

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This study profiles full-time, full-year Canadian workers with low weekly earnings in their main job in 1996, and examines their upward mobility in 2001 using data from the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics.

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This paper examines trends in earnings, using tax-based longitudinal data from the last two decades and synthetic cohort analysis.

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This report contains 2003/04 salary information for full-time Canadian university employees.

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Although minimum wage workers are often young people living with their parents, other workers in this category are trying to support families. To evaluate the effects of a change in the minimum wage, it is essential to know who work for minimum wage and the types of jobs they hold.

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The study explores reasons for the declining wages and salaries of new immigrants to Canada.

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The tables in the topic "Earnings of Canadians" present data on the employment earnings (wages and salaries, net income from non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and net farm self-employment income) of Canadians in 2000. The data also include earnings by sex, age, and geographic area, as well as for certain population groups (e.g. immigrants). This topic also features educational attainment and employment earnings for different population groups.

Available statistics: counts, average, median, and standard error of average.

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This table shows 2001 Census data for the following levels of geography: Canada, provinces, territories and federal electoral districts (2003 Representation Order).This table is part of the topic 'Earnings of Canadians,' which presents 2001 Census data on the employment earnings (wages and salaries, net farm self-employment income and net income from non-farm unincorporated businesses and professional practices) of Canadians in 2000. The data also include earnings by sex, age and geographic area, as well as for certain population groups (such as immigrants). This topic also features educational attainment and employment earnings for different population groups. It is possible to subscribe to all the day-of-release bundles. For more information, refer to Catalogue no. 97F0023XCB.

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This bulletin presents the final set of tables that contain salary information for full-time staff at Canadian universities. This information is collected annually under the University and Colleges Academic Staff System and has a reference date of October 1.

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This study profiles Canadian workers with low weekly earnings in their main job in 1996 and examines their upward mobility in 2001, using data from the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID).

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Immigrant mobility by age and sex, pre-admission experience, knowledge of official languages at admission, immigrant admission category, admission year and tax year, for Canada, provinces and ecomomic regions.

Description: Income of Immigrant tax-filers, by sex, pre-admission experience, knowledge of official languages at admission, immigrant admission category, admission year and tax year, for Canada and provinces, 2021 constant dollars.

Description: Income of Immigrant taxfilers, by sex, immigrant admission category, socio-demographic profile, admission year and tax year, for Canada and provinces, 2021 constant dollars.

Description: Data on paid workers jobs, hours worked and wages and salaries in the Canadian economy by workers' characteristics. This includes sex, age, level of education, immigration status and visible minority status by industry and province or territory.

Description: This interactive dashboard provides access to current and historical employment and compensation of employees' data in Canada's environmental and clean technology products sector. With its interactive map and charts it allows the user to compare and analyze provincial and territorial job and average annual compensation estimates, by product and by industry.

This web-based application is updated annually, once the data for the latest reference period is released in The Daily.

Description: Average hourly and weekly wage rate, and median hourly and weekly wage rate by National Occupational Classification (NOC), type of work, sex, and age group, last 5 years.

Description: Average hourly and median hourly gender wage ratio by National Occupational Classification (NOC), type of work, sex, and age group, last 5 years.

Description: Average hourly and weekly wage rate, and median hourly and weekly wage rate by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), type of work, sex, and age group, last 5 years.

Description: Average hourly and weekly wage rate, and median hourly and weekly wage rate by permanent and temporary employees, union coverage, sex, and age group, last 5 years.

Description: Number of employees by weekly wage distributions, type of work, North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) and sex, last 5 years.

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In this paper, we revisit trends in low-income among Canadian children by taking advantage of recent developments in the measurement of low-income intensity. We focus in particular on the Sen-Shorrocks-Thon (SST) index and its elaboration by Osberg and Xu. Low-income intensity declined in the 1980s but rose in the 1990s. Declining earnings put upward pressure on low-income levels over much of the period. Higher transfers more than offset this pressure in the 1980s and continued to absorb a substantial share of the increase through 1993. In contrast, the rise in low-income intensity after 1993 reflected reductions in UI and social assistance benefits that were not offset by increased employment earnings, at least to 1996 the latest year used in this paper.

A major aim of the paper is methodological. We contrast results using the SST index with results produced by the more familiar low-income rate, the usual measure for indexing low-income trends. The low-income rate is embedded in the SST index, but unlike the index, the rate incorporates only partial information on the distribution of low-income. Consequently, the low-income rate is generally unable to detect the changes we describe and this is true irrespective of the choice of low-income cut-off. Compared to the low-income intensity measure, the rate is also relatively insensitive to changes in transfer payments and employment earnings.

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Earnings of lawyers continue to exceed the overal average. This study presents a profile of lawyers and highlights the changes that have taken place in their demographic characteristics between 1970 and 1995, and in their earnings between 1980 and 1995.

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In this paper, we assemble data from several household surveys to document how pension coverage of young and older workers has evolved in Canada between the mid-1980s and the mid-1990s. Our main findings are the following. First, both administrative data from the Pension Plans in Canada (PPIC) database and data from household surveys show an increase in RPP coverage for women. In contrast, while PPIC data show a decrease in coverage for men, household surveys indicate no downward trend for males. Second, sample aggregates hide interesting differences within the population. We find that the pension coverage of young workers (aged 25-34) has declined relative to older workers (aged 35-54). Young males have experienced a decline in coverage while RPP coverage has remained fairly stable for older men. In contrast, pension coverage has remained fairly constant for young women but has risen substantially for older women. Third, the decline in unionism and shifts towards industries with low-coverage explain most of the decrease in coverage observed among young men. Fourth, the growth in older women's coverage appears to be the result of their greater propensity to be employed in highly paid/highly covered occupations.

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This article investigates the extent to which factors not previously explored in the Canadian context account for wage differences between men and women. It uses data from the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID).

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In addition to the Survey of Consumer Finances, the Labour Force Survey now provides a way of comparing women's earnings with men's. The tow measures are explained here, as are the reasons for the sizable gap between them.

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Earnings of physicians continue to exceed the overall average. This article presents a demographic and earnings profile of the medical profession and highlights changes between 1980 and 1995.

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In recent years, Canada's economy has continued to become more service-based. This shift is particularly evident when examining information by sector for Canada's workforce. This paper offers a descriptive historical overview of changes in employment and remuneration in the services sector during the 1984-97 period. Changes in full-time employment, part-time employment, self-employment, and average wages and salaries are noted.

As well, particular attention is devoted to shifts in these indicators for such service industries as: finance, insurance and real estate services; business services; food and beverage services; communication services; amusement and recreation services; and traveler accommodation services.

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Over the last decade, a renewed interest in the distribution of earnings has taken hold in Canada, spurred largely by concerns about increasing inequality during a period of relatively flat earnings. This analysis looks at the earnings mobility of Canadians from 1982 to 1992 using Statistics Canada's Longitudinal Administrative Databank. (Adapted from a report published by Human Resources Development Canada.)

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Two quasi-experiments are used to estimate the impact of parental divorce on the adult incomes and labour market behaviour of adolescents, as well as on their use of social programs, and their marital/fertility behaviour. These involve the use of individuals experiencing the death of a parent, and legislative changes to the Canadian divorce law in 1986. Parental loss by death is assumed to be exogenous; the experiences of children with a bereaved background offering a benchmark to assess the endogeneity of parental loss through divorce. Differences between individuals with divorced parents and those from intact and bereaved families significantly overstate the impact of divorce across a broad range of outcomes. When background characteristics are controlled for-most notably the income and labour market activity of parents in the years leading up to the divorce-parental divorce seems to influence the marital and fertility decisions of children, but not their labour market outcomes. Adolescents whose parents divorced tend to put off marriage, and once married suffer a greater likelihood of marital instability, but their earnings and incomes are not on average much different from others.

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While there are many studies on differences in earnings between immigrants and the native-born or among immigrant groups, they ignore the distribution and concentration of income. These aspects are important for understanding the distribution of economic welfare and consumer behaviour among members and hence are policy relevant.

Using the 1991 Census data, the distribution and concentration of income have been examined among 15 broad birthplace groups for population aged 55 years and over. About 19% of males and 15% of females receive less than half the median income and obtain 5% and 3% of the aggregate income respectively. About 30% of males and 29% of females receive more than one and half times the median income and obtain 61% and59% of aggregate income respectively. About 51% of males and 56% of females who receive incomes between half and one and half times the median income are termed middle-class and their shares of aggregate income amount to 34 and 38% respectively.

Although, older immigrants aged 55 years and over, as a group, have roughly the same quartile distribution and concentration of income as their Canadian-born counterparts, the birthplace groups differ from each other. The groups coming from the developing regions, that is, the very groups that have lower average annual incomes, also have more inequitable distribution of income than the Canadian-born or their counterparts from the developed regions. Thus, the income distribution is more polarized in the populations from developing regions than in the populations from developed regions or in the Canadian-born population. On average, females receive 45% less income than males, and there is less polarization of income among them than among males regardless of the place of birth. A part of the explanation lies in the receipt of government transfers which tend to equalize rather than polarize incomes, and older women derive higher proportion of their income from government transfers than older men.

Description: This survey is an establishment census survey designed to gather data on employment, payrolls and paid-hours from larger employers (companies or establishments of 20 or more employees).

Description: The purpose of the survey is to provide information on the terms and conditions of Registered Pension Plans (RPPs), membership in them and contributions made by and on behalf of the members.

Description: The published data provided by this survey provided detailed information on contributors and beneficiaries for the purpose of employment and economic research by government departments.

Description: The Survey of Employment, Payrolls and Hours provides a monthly portrait of the amount of earnings, as well as the number of jobs (i.e., occupied positions) and hours worked by detailed industry at the national, provincial and territorial levels.

Description: The Business Payrolls Survey (BPS) is the collection instrument for the Survey of Employment Payrolls and Hours (SEPH, record number 2612). The results of the BPS and administrative data are combined to produce the SEPH estimates. For more information, please see record number 2612, Survey of Employment, Payrolls and Hours (SEPH) in the Documentation section below.

Description: The objective of this survey is to produce statistical information on wages and salaries paid for various occupations classified to the National Occupation Classification (NOC).

Description: This survey collects data on wages paid for specific occupations in the construction industry in all provinces and territories except Québec, Manitoba and Yukon on behalf of the Labour Branch of Human Resources and Skills Development Canada.

Description: The Employment Dynamics is a compilation of statistical tables on employment, payroll and the number of businesses with employees for Canada, the provinces and territories.

Description: This survey collected data on wage rates paid to hired farm labour. This data which is a key component of the Farm Input Price Index (FIPI) was required by Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada as essential information to run their Gross Revenue Insurance Plan (GRIP).

Description: The Labour Force Survey provides estimates of employment and unemployment. With the release of the survey results only 10 days after the completion of data collection, the LFS estimates are the first of the major monthly economic data series to be released. LFS data are used to produce the well-known unemployment rate as well as other standard labour market indicators such as the employment rate and the participation rate.