Children and youth

Description: Difficulties for parents and guardians in finding a child care arrangement, children aged 0 to 5 years, by Indigenous group.

Description: Percentage of children aged 0 to 5 years by type of difficulties encountered in finding early learning and child care arrangements and by Indigenous group.

Description: Percentage of children aged 0 to 5 years whose parents and guardians encountered certain consequences as a result of having difficulty finding early learning and child care arrangements, by consequence and by Indigenous group.

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Percentage of children aged 0 to 5 years participating in non-parental child care in the evenings or on weekends.

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Percentage of children aged 0 to 5 years participating in non-parental child care in the evenings or on weekends, by type of child care arrangement.

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Number and percentage of children aged 0 to 5 years participating in early learning and child care arrangements, by type of arrangement (for example, daycare centers and family home child care), and by age group.

Description: This infographic presents findings on child care arrangements in 2023 about children aged 0 to 5. It looks at the use and types of child care arrangements that families use, the percent of children on a waitlist for child care, as well as parental expenses.

Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin

Description: Median and mean parental child care expenses for main child care arrangement for children aged 0 to 5 years, by age group, main child care arrangement, hours of child care per week, and timeframe of payment for child care.

Description: This report presents a conceptual framework of Canada’s care economy. This framework is based on a review of Canadian and international research on the topic as well as consultations with key stakeholders and experts. The report summarizes relevant research on the care economy, delineates the scope and boundaries for the Canadian context, and proposes key definitions of paid and unpaid care work.

Description: Unemployment rate, participation rate, and employment rate by type of student during school months, sex and age group, last 5 months.

Description: Proportion of annual after-tax family income spent on child care, by economic family type and age of youngest child, Canada.

Description: This public use microdata file (PUMF) contains non-aggregated data for a wide variety of variables collected from the Canadian Survey on Early Learning and Child Care (CSELCC).

CSELCC addresses child care in Canada for children younger than 6 years old and asks about the different types of child care arrangements that families use, the difficulties some families may face when looking for care, as well as reasons for not using child care. The survey also collects information on parents' labour market participation to better understand the interaction between work and the use of child care arrangements.

Description: Differences in the number and proportion of youth with disabilities who are not in employment, education, or training (NEET) by province or territory and gender.

Description: Number and percentage of children with long-term conditions or disabilities, aged 0 to 5 years, in child care arrangements, by type of child care arrangement (for example, daycare centers and family home child care), and by age group.

Description: Number and percentage of difficulties for parents and guardians in finding a child care arrangement, children with long term conditions or disabilities aged 0 to 5 years, by use of child care and by age group.

Description: Number and percentage of children with long term conditions or disabilities aged 0 to 5 years by type of difficulty encountered in finding child care arrangements.

Description: Number and percentage of children with long term conditions or disabilities aged 0 to 5 years by type of difficulty experienced by parents, guardians, and children in child care arrangements due to child's condition.

Description: Number and percent of children with long term conditions or disabilities aged 0 to 5 years by type of extra support needs at main child care arrangement.

Description: Number and percentage of children with long term conditions or disabilities, aged 0 to 5 years by consequences encountered by parents and guardians as a result of having difficulty finding an early learning and child care arrangement.

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This chapter provides a broad overview of the education situation of Canadian youth. It focuses on the general level of education for young Canadians, as well as on which groups are driving the rise in educational attainment. The chapter also examines the literacy and numeracy skills of young Canadians and how they compare with their counterparts in other OECD countries. Finally, it looks at some of the costs and benefits of a postsecondary education in Canada, including how such an education has been rewarded in the labour market.

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This infographic examines the educational situation of Canadian youth. It includes information on the differences in educational attainment by sex as well as by different population groups. It also looks at student debt in Canada and the earning benefits of acquiring a postsecondary education. Data are drawn from the Labour Force Survey 2019, Census of Population 2016, National Graduates Survey classes of 2000 to 2015 and Census of Population - T1 Personal Master files.

Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin

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To date, there exists little national information on the provision of child care services in Canada, despite investments in the creation of a national child care program. Statistics Canada, in collaboration with ESDC developed the Canadian Survey on the Provision of Child Care Services (CSPCCS) to identify the feasibility of a survey frame to survey child care providers, and to enable the reporting of descriptive information about those providers. This article describes the CSPCCS and its objectives.

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Various studies have shown that children from socioeconomically disadvantaged families are more likely to have poorer outcomes than children from more advantaged families and that such gaps could be reduced by participating in early learning and child care (ELCC). Using the 2019 Survey on Early Learning and Child Care Arrangements, a nationally representative survey that provides the most updated and detailed information on child care for children aged 0 to 5 years, this study examines the patterns of ELCC participation among families with potential socioeconomic disadvantages in Canada.

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The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on many aspects of the lives of Canadians, including the ability to secure and provide child care. This article examines the use of child care among children under age 6 based on results from the Survey on Early Learning and Child Care Arrangements (2020), collected between November 2020 and January 2021.

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Over the past several decades, there has been a growing demand for non-parental child care services, in part due to a rise in dual earner families and single parent households who may require care while working or studying. Previous work has described the use of child care for pre-school aged children in Canada and other high-income countries. However, much less information is available to describe the use of child care for school-aged children. Thus, the purpose of the current study is to describe the use of non-parental child care for kindergarten and elementary school children (age 4 to 11), including type of care and number of hours in care, as well as to identify predictors and correlates of child care use for this demographic.

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Educators who are part of Indigenous children’s own communities can play an important role in providing them with early learning experiences that reflect their cultural heritage and traditions. This study examines the sociodemographic and employment characteristics of early learning and child care (ELCC) workers who are First Nations people, Métis or Inuit. Using 2016 long-form Census data, two occupational groups were studied – early childhood educators and assistants (ECEA) and child care providers (CCP). Comparisons were also made with non-Indigenous ELCC workers in the same occupational groups.

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Childcare supports labour force participation for parents, and can support language, early learning, and the social development of children before they enter the school system. However, there has been little consistent, comparable information on early learning and childcare businesses across the provinces and territories. This paper examines the business and economic characteristics of childcare in Canada, which is provided by firms through markets, and early learning services funded by governments through junior kindergarten and kindergarten. The paper uses administrative datasets to identify firms providing childcare services in Canada for children up to and including the age of 5 for the period from 2008 to 2016. The childcare firms are then used as a basis to examine the revenue and Gross domestic product of the childcare industry based on the type of firm (incorporated vs. unincorporated) generating the income.

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Adverse childhood experiences such as physical abuse, sexual abuse, harsh parenting or neglect, or being exposed to violence in the home have all been consistently shown to be linked to subsequent experiences of victimization in adulthood. This infographic presents findings from the 2019 General Social Survey on Victimization, focusing on experiences of childhood maltreatment.

Description: The Communities Survey collects information from a sample of kindergarten children living in selected communities.

Description: The Aboriginal Children's Survey was designed to provide a picture of the early development of Aboriginal children and the social and living conditions in which they are learning and growing. The survey provides an extensive set of data about Aboriginal (Métis, Inuit, and off-reserve First Nations) children under six years of age in urban, rural, and northern locations across Canada.

Description: The International Youth Survey (IYS) is the Canadian portion of the International Self-Report Delinquency Study (ISRD) involving youth in Grades 7 to 9 in about 30 European countries, United States and Canada. The National Crime Prevention Centre of the federal department of Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness Canada sponsored this study. It was conducted by Statistics Canada in Toronto in the spring of 2006.

Description: The purpose of this is to collect data on residential services for abused and at-risk youth (aged 16 to 29) during the previous 12 months, as well as to provide a one-day "snapshot" of the clientele being served on a specific date.

Description: The Survey of Young Canadians provides nationally representative indicators on child development.

Description: The purpose of the Childhood National Immunization Coverage Survey is to collect information on national immunization coverage for childhood vaccines.

Description: The Canadian Health Survey on Children and Youth (CHSCY) is designed to paint a portrait of the health and well-being of Canadian children and youth by collecting information about factors influencing their physical and mental health. The survey covers a broad range of topics related to the overall health of children and youth including chronic conditions, injuries, physical activity, nutrition and their social environment (family, friends, and communities).

Description: Statistics Canada gathers information on early learning and child care arrangements for children under the age of 6 in the 3 territories of Canada.

Description: The purpose of this survey is to collect information on the provision of child care services in Canada for children ages 12 and under at the national, provincial and territorial level. Data is collected from licensed and unlicensed home-based and centre-based child care providers. Questions will be asked about staff, services provided, enrollment and daily fees as well as the extent of challenges related to COVID-19. The data will be used by Employment and Social Development Canada (ESDC) for policy research and development.

Description: The purpose of this survey is to address child care in Canada for children who are attending school (i.e. ages 4 to 12). The survey will ask about the different types of learning and child care arrangements used by families, difficulties some families may face when looking for care, as well as reasons for not using child care.