Census of Population

The census provides a detailed statistical portrait of Canada and its people by their demographic, social and economic characteristics. This information is important for communities and is vital for planning services such as child care, schooling, family services, and skills training for employment.

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Census of Population

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All (4,140)

All (4,140) (0 to 10 of 4,140 results)

  • Articles and reports: 75-006-X202400100004
    Description: Using data from the 2021 Census, this study investigates the financial impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on racialized workers, focusing on the change in median employment income from 2019 to 2020, and the extent to which payments from the Canada Emergency Response Benefit offset income losses in 2020 among workers affected by the pandemic. Differences between racialized and non-racialized workers are investigated, along with differences among groups of racialized workers, as well as the intersectionality of race and gender.
    Release date: 2024-05-23

  • Data Visualization: 71-607-X2024017
    Description: This interactive tool details the characteristics of Indigenous postsecondary students in Canada entering selected programs leading to a postsecondary credential. This tool includes information on the number of new students by Indigenous identity, educational qualification, field of study, age group, and gender.
    Release date: 2024-05-15

  • Table: 37-10-0264-01
    Geography: Canada, Geographical region of Canada, Province or territory
    Frequency: Occasional
    Description: Number of new entrants to postsecondary education by Indigenous identity, select educational qualifications (Classification of programs and credentials - professional degree variant), field of study (Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016 - STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics and computer sciences) and BHASE (business, humanities, health, arts, social science and education) groupings), gender and age group.
    Release date: 2024-05-15

  • Articles and reports: 89-657-X2024003
    Description: This series of regional maps shows the number of school-aged children eligible to primary and secondary instruction in English in Quebec by census subdivision, and the proportion of these children who attend or have attended an English-language school in Canada. All the information provided comes from the 2021 Census of Population and the 2022 Open Database of Educational Facilities.
    Release date: 2024-05-14

  • Articles and reports: 41-20-00022024001
    Description: The current study uses the 2011 National Household Survey and the 2016 and 2021 Censuses to provide data on the number of Indigenous foster children in private households, foster child rates, and disparity between Indigenous and non-Indigenous foster care rates between 2011 and 2021. Subsequently, select sociodemographic characteristics of Indigenous children in foster care and household characteristics are explored using the 2021 Census.
    Release date: 2024-04-18

  • Data Visualization: 98-505-X2021002
    Description:

    This interactive chart is comprised of two visualizations to show statistics of selected income sources by various characteristics and geographies.

    Release date: 2024-04-17

  • Data Visualization: 98-505-X
    Description: These interactive charts display various census data or indicators for selected geographies. Clicking a particular area of a chart allows users to customize their view and display different data or indicators.
    Release date: 2024-04-17

  • Stats in brief: 11-001-X202410838012
    Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin
    Release date: 2024-04-17

  • Notices and consultations: 92-137-X2024001
    Description: Data from the Census of Population are important for all communities and are vital to plan services that support education, employment, transportation, health care and housing. To maintain the relevance of the census, Statistics Canada evaluates and reviews the census questionnaire content for each census cycle. In preparation for the 2026 Census, Statistics Canada consulted Canadians from fall 2022 to spring 2023. Detailed responses were received from organizations and individuals representing federal, provincial, territorial and local government departments; First Nations people, Métis and Inuit; the general public; academia; special interest groups; and the private sector.

    This report focuses on the findings of the 2026 Census data needs consultation and stakeholder discussions. Chapter 1 explains whom we consulted. Chapter 2 describes the strength of census data users’ needs such as the size of the population of interest. Chapter 3 provides an assessment of the perceived data gaps in census content and the availability and suitability of alternative data sources. Chapter 4 focuses on information needs by census topic and how preparations for the 2024 Census Test will help meet these needs.
    Release date: 2024-04-17

  • Notices and consultations: 92-137-X
    Description: User consultation is the first step in determining Census Program content. The findings of content consultations are presented in these reports.
    Release date: 2024-04-17
Data (3,334)

Data (3,334) (30 to 40 of 3,334 results)

  • Table: 98-10-0078-01
    Geography: Canada, Province or territory, Census metropolitan area, Census agglomeration, Census metropolitan area part, Census agglomeration part
    Frequency: Occasional
    Universe: Economic families in private households, 2021 and 2016 censuses — 100% data
    Variable list: Economic family after-tax income groups (21), Economic family structure (9), Family size of economic family (5), Ages of economic family members (18), Number of earners in the economic family (6), Year (2)
    Description: Distribution of economic family after-tax income in 2020 constant dollars by family structure (couples, one-parent families, presence of children), family size, age of members, and number of earners.
    Release date: 2023-11-15

  • Table: 98-10-0083-01
    Geography: Canada, Province or territory, Census metropolitan area, Census metropolitan area part
    Frequency: Occasional
    Universe: Married spouses or common-law partners in private households, 2021 Census — 100% data
    Variable list: Couples by distribution of income between married spouses or common-law partners (47), Presence of children 0 to 17 in census family (5), Characteristics of couple (19)
    Description: Distribution of income between married spouses or common-law partners and characteristics of couples, including presence of children for married spouses or common-law partners.
    Release date: 2023-11-15

  • Table: 98-10-0084-01
    Geography: Canada
    Frequency: Occasional
    Universe: Married spouses or common-law partners in private households, 2021 Census — 100% data
    Variable list: Couples by distribution of income between married spouses or common-law partners (68), Gender diversity status of couple family (7), Presence of children 0 to 17 in census family (5), Characteristics of couple (19)
    Description: Distribution of income between married spouses or common-law partners by characteristics of couples, including gender diversity status of couples and presence of children for married spouses or common-law partners.
    Release date: 2023-11-15

  • Table: 98-10-0109-01
    Geography: Canada, Province or territory, Census division, Census subdivision
    Frequency: Occasional
    Universe: Persons in private households in occupied private dwellings, 2021 Census — 25% Sample data
    Variable list: Economic family characteristics of persons (13), Age (8), Gender (3), Statistics (3), Individual Northern MBM poverty status (7)
    Description: Individual poverty status using Northern Market Basket Measure (MBM-N) by family characteristics, age and gender for Canada, territories, census divisions and census subdivisions.
    Release date: 2023-11-15

  • Table: 98-10-0142-01
    Geography: Canada, Province or territory, Census metropolitan area, Census agglomeration, Census metropolitan area part, Census agglomeration part
    Frequency: Occasional
    Universe: Population aged 17 and over in private households, 2021 Census — 25% Sample data
    Variable list: Visible minority (15), Religion (25), Generation status (4), Age (10B), Gender (3), Statistics (3), Military service status (4A)
    Description: Data on military service status by visible minority, religion, generation status, age and gender for the population aged 17 years and over in private households in Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations with parts.
    Release date: 2023-11-15

  • Table: 98-10-0143-01
    Geography: Canada, Province or territory, Census metropolitan area, Census agglomeration, Census metropolitan area part, Census agglomeration part
    Frequency: Occasional
    Universe: Population aged 17 and over in private households, 2021 Census — 25% Sample data
    Variable list: Mother tongue (11), Knowledge of official languages (5), Visible minority (15), Immigrant status and period of immigration (11), Age (15D), Gender (3), Military service status (4A)
    Description: Data on military service status by mother tongue, knowledge of official languages, immigrant status and period of immigration, visible minority and gender for the population aged 17 years and over in private households in Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations with parts.
    Release date: 2023-11-15

  • Table: 98-10-0144-01
    Geography: Canada, Province or territory, Census metropolitan area, Census agglomeration, Census metropolitan area part, Census agglomeration part
    Frequency: Occasional
    Universe: Population aged 17 and over in private households, 2021 Census — 25% Sample data
    Variable list: Individual low-income status (15), Economic family characteristics of persons (13), Highest certificate, diploma or degree (12), Age (15D), Gender (3), Statistics (3), Military service status (4A)
    Description: Data on military service status by individual poverty status using the Market Basket Measure (MBM), individual low-income status, economic family characteristics of persons, highest certificate, diploma or degree, age and gender for the population aged 17 years and over in private households in Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations with parts.
    Release date: 2023-11-15

  • Table: 98-10-0145-01
    Geography: Canada, Province or territory, Census metropolitan area, Census agglomeration, Census metropolitan area part, Census agglomeration part
    Frequency: Occasional
    Universe: Population aged 17 and over in owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero in non-reserve, non-farm private households, 2021 Census — 25% Sample data
    Variable list: Housing indicators (6), Household type of person (10), Tenure including presence of mortgage payments and subsidized housing (7), Structural type of dwelling (10), Age (15D), Gender (3), Military service status (4A)
    Description: Data on military service status by housing indicators, household type of person, dwelling type and tenure including presence of mortgage payments and subsidized housing for the population aged 17 and over in owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero in non-reserve, non-farm private households in Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations with parts.
    Release date: 2023-11-15

  • Table: 98-10-0146-01
    Geography: Canada, Province or territory
    Frequency: Occasional
    Universe: Population aged 17 and over who worked since 2020, in private households, 2021 Census — 25% Sample data
    Variable list: Industry - Subsectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 (122), Occupation - Major group - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 (56), Work activity during the reference year (9), Age (15D), Gender (3), Statistics (3), Military service status (4A)
    Description: Data on military service status by industry subsectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017, occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021, work activity during the reference year, age and gender for the population aged 17 and over who worked since 2020, in private households, Canada, provinces and territories.
    Release date: 2023-11-15

  • Table: 98-10-0147-01
    Geography: Canada, Province or territory, Census metropolitan area, Census agglomeration, Census metropolitan area part, Census agglomeration part
    Frequency: Occasional
    Universe: Population aged 17 and over in census families in private households, 2021 Census — 25% Sample data
    Variable list: Census family status and household living arrangements (6), Number of children (6), Age of youngest child (7), Age (15D), Gender (3), Statistics (3), Military service status (4A)
    Description: Data on military service status by census family status and household living arrangements, number of children, age of youngest child, age and gender for the population aged 17 years and over in census families in private households in Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations with parts.
    Release date: 2023-11-15
Analysis (593)

Analysis (593) (40 to 50 of 593 results)

  • Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202300800001
    Description: In the past few decades, the number of racialized people in Canada has increased at a much faster rate than the population as a whole. This article uses data from the 2001 and 2021 censuses of population to examine population growth and changing demographics of racialized people. The study presents new data for 11 subgroups of the racialized population, their generational composition and changes in their share of people with a mixed racialized–White identity.
    Release date: 2023-08-23

  • Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202300800002
    Description: This study uses data from Canada’s 2021 Census of Population to examine the differences between the poverty rates of racialized groups and the White population. The analysis examines whether these differences recede or persist across generations and the extent to which the sociodemographic composition of racialized groups explains these differences.
    Release date: 2023-08-23

  • Articles and reports: 75-006-X202300100009
    Description: Using data from the 2021 Census, this study examines educational attainment and earnings of the Canadian-born Black population, focusing on three groups: i) those with at least one African-born parent (African-origin); ii) those with at least one Caribbean-born parent (Caribbean-origin); and iii) those whose parents were both born in Canada (Canadian-origin).
    Release date: 2023-08-22

  • Stats in brief: 11-627-M2023048
    Description: This infographic analyzes three different Canadian-born Black populations: those with at least one parent born in Africa, those with at least one parent born in the Caribbean, and those with both parents born in Canada. It looks at how educational attainment differs between the three different Canadian-born Black populations, and how education along with other factors contributes to earnings differences between the different Black populations and between Black and non-Indigenous non-racialized populations.
    Release date: 2023-08-22

  • Articles and reports: 89-657-X2023015
    Description: This fact sheet offers an overview of the situation of the French language in New Brunswick in 2021, along with certain trends observed since 1991. It provides information on the changes in the number and proportion of people in the population who can conduct a conversation in French, whose first official language spoken is French, whose mother tongue is French, and who speak French at home or use French at work. In addition, it contains information on French-language instruction in elementary and secondary schools, on French spoken among recent and established immigrants, as well as on the mobility and place of birth of individuals whose first official language spoken is French. This fact sheet is based on data from the 1991 to 2021 censuses of population, together with the 2011 National Household Survey.
    Release date: 2023-08-22

  • Articles and reports: 89-657-X2023016
    Description: This fact sheet offers an overview of the situation of the English language in Quebec in 2021, along with certain trends observed since 1991. It provides information on the changes in the number and proportion of people in the population who can conduct a conversation in English, whose first official language spoken is English, whose mother tongue is English, and who speak English at home or use English at work. In addition, it contains information on English-language instruction in elementary and secondary schools, on English spoken among recent and established immigrants, as well as on the mobility and place of birth of individuals whose first official language spoken is English. This fact sheet is based on data from the 1991 to 2021 censuses of population, together with the 2011 National Household Survey.
    Release date: 2023-08-22

  • Articles and reports: 89-657-X2023017
    Description: This fact sheet offers an overview of the situation of the French language in Ontario in 2021, along with certain trends observed since 1991. It provides information on the changes in the number and proportion of people in the population who can conduct a conversation in French, whose first official language spoken is French, whose mother tongue is French, and who speak French at home or use French at work. In addition, it contains information on French-language instruction in elementary and secondary schools, on French spoken among recent and established immigrants, as well as on the mobility and place of birth of individuals whose first official language spoken is French. This fact sheet is based on data from the 1991 to 2021 censuses of population, together with the 2011 National Household Survey.
    Release date: 2023-08-22

  • Stats in brief: 11-001-X20232094447
    Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin
    Release date: 2023-07-28

  • Articles and reports: 75F0002M2023002
    Description: This discussion paper begins by explaining what is commonly understood as child care and how child care expenses currently enter the market basket measure (MBM) methodology. It then describes an alternative approach to account for child care expenses by incorporating them as a separate component within the MBM based on the reference family. A discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of each approach is also provided. The public and stakeholders are invited to provide feedback and comments on the discussion points presented.
    Release date: 2023-07-27

  • Articles and reports: 89-657-X2023011
    Description: This fact sheet offers an overview of the situation of the French language in Manitoba in 2021, along with certain trends observed since 1991. It provides information on the changes in the number and proportion of people in the population who can conduct a conversation in French, whose first official language spoken is French, whose mother tongue is French, and who speak French at home or use French at work. In addition, it contains information on French-language instruction in elementary and secondary schools, on French spoken among recent and established immigrants, as well as on the mobility and place of birth of individuals whose first official language spoken is French. This fact sheet is based on data from the 1991 to 2021 censuses of population, together with the 2011 National Household Survey.
    Release date: 2023-07-19
Reference (206)

Reference (206) (0 to 10 of 206 results)

  • Notices and consultations: 92-137-X2024001
    Description: Data from the Census of Population are important for all communities and are vital to plan services that support education, employment, transportation, health care and housing. To maintain the relevance of the census, Statistics Canada evaluates and reviews the census questionnaire content for each census cycle. In preparation for the 2026 Census, Statistics Canada consulted Canadians from fall 2022 to spring 2023. Detailed responses were received from organizations and individuals representing federal, provincial, territorial and local government departments; First Nations people, Métis and Inuit; the general public; academia; special interest groups; and the private sector.

    This report focuses on the findings of the 2026 Census data needs consultation and stakeholder discussions. Chapter 1 explains whom we consulted. Chapter 2 describes the strength of census data users’ needs such as the size of the population of interest. Chapter 3 provides an assessment of the perceived data gaps in census content and the availability and suitability of alternative data sources. Chapter 4 focuses on information needs by census topic and how preparations for the 2024 Census Test will help meet these needs.
    Release date: 2024-04-17

  • Notices and consultations: 92-137-X
    Description: User consultation is the first step in determining Census Program content. The findings of content consultations are presented in these reports.
    Release date: 2024-04-17

  • Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 98-26-0008
    Description: This report presents the results of a study on the estimated number of children eligible for instruction in the minority official language, pursuant to section 23 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, who were classified as ineligible in the 2021 Census because relationships between family members living at different addresses could not be established within this data source. Using other data sources, including previous censuses and administrative data (such as vital statistics and tax data), we were able to establish these family relationships within the 2021 Census. This report presents the methods and data sources used first, then the results by selected regions and age groups.
    Release date: 2024-03-26

  • Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 89-657-X2024002
    Description: This document presents a complete list of the social inclusion indicators for ethnocultural groups in Canada that are available on the homepage of our Gender, Diversity and Inclusion Statistics Hub. The information provided for each indicator includes a short description of the corresponding derivation, available data sources, reference years and accessible levels of geographical and disaggregation. Each indicator has a corresponding products number (data tables, visualization tools and analytical documents). This document has been updated to reflect the social inclusion indicators and associated products that are available in 2024.
    Release date: 2024-03-26

  • Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 98-307-X
    Description:

    This report deals with Indigenous identity, Indigenous ancestry, Indigenous group, Registered or Treaty Indian status, Membership in a First Nation or Indian band, Membership in a Métis organization or Settlement, and Enrollment under an Inuit land claims agreement, and contains explanations of concepts, data quality, historical comparability and comparability with other sources, as well as information on data collection, processing and dissemination.

    Release date: 2024-03-20

  • Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 98-306-X
    Description:

    This report describes sampling, weighting and estimation procedures used in the Census of Population. It provides operational and theoretical justifications for them, and presents the results of the evaluations of these procedures.

    Release date: 2023-10-04

  • Geographic files and documentation: 92-162-X
    Description: The Census Subdivision Boundary File contains the boundaries of all census subdivisions which combined cover all of Canada. A census subdivision is a municipality or an area treated as an equivalent to a municipality for statistical purposes (for example, Indian reserves and unorganized territories). The file provides a framework for mapping and spatial analysis using commercially available geographic information systems (GIS) or other mapping software.

    The Census Subdivision Boundary File is portrayed in Lambert conformal conic projection and is based on the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD83). A reference guide is available (92-162-G).

    Release date: 2023-07-13

  • Geographic files and documentation: 92-500-X
    Geography: Canada
    Description: The Road Network File (RNF) is a digital representation of Canada's national road network, containing information such as street names, types, directions and address ranges. The information comes from the National Geographic Database (NGD).

    A reference guide is available (92-500-G).

    Release date: 2023-07-13

  • Geographic files and documentation: 92-162-G
    Description: This reference guide is intended for users of the Census Subdivisions Boundary File. The guide provides an overview of the file, the general methodology used to create it, and important technical information for users.
    Release date: 2023-07-12

  • Notices and consultations: 92F0009X
    Description: This report provides a summary of changes to municipal boundaries, status and names. The list is usually produced on an annual basis for changes that occurred during the previous year. A five year list is produced on Census of population years.
    Release date: 2023-07-12
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