Earnings, wages and non-wage benefits

Description:

This study extends previous work on the evolution of the education premium, and investigates the existence of diverging university/high school earnings ratio trends across industries in the knowledge-based economy. The study also discusses the changing demand for high-skilled workers by comparing relative wages of university graduates holding degrees in "applied" fields to those of other university graduates (the "field" premium).

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This study profiles full-time, full-year Canadian workers with low weekly earnings in their main job in 1996, and examines their upward mobility in 2001 using data from the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics.

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This paper examines trends in earnings, using tax-based longitudinal data from the last two decades and synthetic cohort analysis.

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This report contains 2003/04 salary information for full-time Canadian university employees.

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Although minimum wage workers are often young people living with their parents, other workers in this category are trying to support families. To evaluate the effects of a change in the minimum wage, it is essential to know who work for minimum wage and the types of jobs they hold.

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The study explores reasons for the declining wages and salaries of new immigrants to Canada.

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This table shows 2001 Census data for the following levels of geography: Canada, provinces, territories and federal electoral districts (2003 Representation Order).This table is part of the topic 'Earnings of Canadians,' which presents 2001 Census data on the employment earnings (wages and salaries, net farm self-employment income and net income from non-farm unincorporated businesses and professional practices) of Canadians in 2000. The data also include earnings by sex, age and geographic area, as well as for certain population groups (such as immigrants). This topic also features educational attainment and employment earnings for different population groups. It is possible to subscribe to all the day-of-release bundles. For more information, refer to Catalogue no. 97F0023XCB.

Description:

The tables in the topic "Earnings of Canadians" present data on the employment earnings (wages and salaries, net income from non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and net farm self-employment income) of Canadians in 2000. The data also include earnings by sex, age, and geographic area, as well as for certain population groups (e.g. immigrants). This topic also features educational attainment and employment earnings for different population groups.

Available statistics: counts, average, median, and standard error of average.

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This bulletin presents the final set of tables that contain salary information for full-time staff at Canadian universities. This information is collected annually under the University and Colleges Academic Staff System and has a reference date of October 1.

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This study profiles Canadian workers with low weekly earnings in their main job in 1996 and examines their upward mobility in 2001, using data from the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID).

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Construction union wage rate index (CUWRI) by National Occupational Classification (NOC). Monthly data are available from January 1972. The table presents month-over-month and year-over-year percentage changes for various aggregation levels. The base period for the index is 2015=100.

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Weights for the construction union wage rates price indexes. The weights are available beginning in 2015.

Description: Canadian passenger bus and urban transit industries, employment and compensation, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), annual.

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Wages, salaries and employers' social contributions, by industry, by province and territory.

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This table presents data for the current year and previous 4 years on labour statistics by job category, for Canada, the provinces and territories, annually, by total number of jobs.

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This table presents data for the current year and previous 4 years on labour statistics by job category, for Canada, the provinces and territories, annually, by total number of jobs.

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This table presents data for the current year and previous 4 years on labour statistics by job category, for Canada, the provinces and territories, annually, by total number of jobs.

Description: Percentage of enterprises that required skills in specific areas, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and enterprise size, based on a one-year observation period. Specific areas include basic digital, computer science, information technology, general data science and analytics, natural sciences and engineering, management, business, international business, skilled trades, design, coaching and mentoring skills to meet the needs of the business, and e-commerce or digital trade.

Description: Percentage of enterprises that encountered skill shortages in specific areas, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and enterprise size, based on a one-year observation period. Specific areas include basic digital, computer science, information technology, general data science and analytics, natural sciences and engineering, management, business, international business, skilled trades, design, coaching and mentoring skills to meet the needs of the business, and e-commerce or digital trade.

Description: Percentage of enterprises that took measures to overcome skill shortages, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and enterprise size, based on a one-year observation period. Measures include outsourcing work in Canada, offshoring of labour, targeted recruitment process, student hiring, training staff, retention strategy, acquisition of external businesses, global talent attraction, other government programs, and other measures.

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This study examines the extent to which postsecondary graduates use their acquired skills, and the correspondence of their educational qualifications to the job requirements.

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This article uses data from the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID) to investigate the extent to which factors not previously explored in the Canadian context account for wage differences between men and women. Like other studies using standard decomposition techniques and controlling for a variety of productivity-related characteristics, the results demonstrate that men still enjoy a wage advantage over women: women's average hourly wage rate is about 84% - 89% of the men's average. Unlike other studies, controls for work experience and job-related responsibilities are used. Gender differences in full-year, full-time work experience explain at most, 12% of the gender wage gap. Gender differences in the opportunity to supervise and to perform certain tasks account for about 5% of the gender wage gap. Yet despite the long list of productivity related factors, a substantial portion of the gender wage gap cannot be explained.

Many studies rely on measures such as age or potential experience (= age minus number of years of schooling minus six) as a proxy for actual labour market. Neither of these measures account for complete withdrawals from the labour market nor for restrictions on the number of hours worked per week or on the number of weeks worked per year due to family-related responsibilities. The results show that proxies for experience yield larger adjusted gender wage gaps than when actual experience is used.

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Developments in the relative wages of more and less educated workers during the early 1990s are examined using the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics. Particular attention is paid to the role of international trade in determining the wage differential between workers with post-secondary certification and those without. It is shown that in the absence of the relatively greater growth in the supply of more educated workers, the gap between the wages of more and less educated workers would have increased. After controlling for some of the most likely influences on real wages it is found that international trade has a significant positive impact on the wages of both more and less educated workers. However, the impact on the more highly educated seems to be some four times stronger, roughly the same as the impact of technological change

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This paper attempts to quantify the magnitude of economic disparity among Canadian provinces. It uses the average annual earning of a province as an indicator of economic well-being for that province.

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All provinces and territories set minimum wages in their employment standards legislation. This update uses the Labour Force Survey to examine the characteristics of those who work at or below the minimum wage for experienced adults in each jurisdiction. The incidence of working for minimum wage has increased each year since 2006 but remains concentrated among youth, particularly young women.

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This article provides an analysis of the employment and earnings patterns of recent postsecondary graduates, based on three waves of the National Graduates Surveys.

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The correlation of occupational gender composition and wages is the basis of pay equity/comparable worth legislation. A number of previous studies have examined this correlation in US data, identifying some of the determinants of low wages in "female jobs", as well as important limitations of public policy in this area. There is little evidence, however, from other jurisdictions. This omission is particularly disturbing in the case of Canada, which now has some of the most extensive pay equity legislation in the world. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive picture, circa the late 1980's, of the occupational gender segregation in Canada and its consequences for wages. We also draw explicit comparisons of our findings to evidence for the United States. We find that the link between female wages and gender composition is much stronger in the United States than in Canada, where it is generally small and not statistically significant. The relatively more advantageous position of women in female jobs in Canada is found to be linked to higher unionization rates and the industry-wage effects of "public goods" sectors.

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The incomes of culture workers have long been an issue of concern to culture organizations and lobby groups. Using the 1997 Census, we can look at the average earnings of some 500 different occupations including some selected culture occupations.

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This study defines average annual earnings as the product of three components: hourly earnings, weekly hours and annual weeks. It looks at each component's contribution to differences in provincial earnings.

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This paper addresses the problem of statistical inference with ordinal variates and examines the robustness to alternative literacy measurement and scaling choices of rankings of average literacy and of estimates of the impact of literacy on individual earnings.

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The Guide to the Job Vacancy and Wage Survey contains a dictionary of concepts and definitions, and covers topics such as survey methodology, data collection, processing, and data quality. The guide covers both components of the survey: the job vacancy component, which is quarterly, and the wage component, which is annual.

Description:

The Guide to the Job Vacancy and Wage Survey contains a dictionary of concepts and definitions, and covers topics such as survey methodology, data collection, processing, and data quality. The guide covers both components of the survey: the job vacancy component, which is quarterly, and the wage component, which is annual.

Description:

The Guide to the Job Vacancy and Wage Survey contains a dictionary of concepts and definitions, and covers topics such as survey methodology, data collection, processing, and data quality. The guide covers both components of the survey: the job vacancy component, which is quarterly, and the wage component, which is annual.

Description:

This guide focuses on the following variables: After-tax income, Total income and its components, Income status as well as other related variables from the Income and earnings release.

Provides information that enables users to effectively use, apply and interpret data from the 2006 Census. Each guide contains definitions and explanations on census concepts, data quality and historical comparability. Additional information will be included for specific variables to help general users better understand the concepts and questions used in the census.

Description:

The estimation of intergenerational earnings mobility is rife with measurement problems since the research does not observe permanent, lifetime earnings. Nearly all studies make corrections for mean variation in earnings because of the age differences among respondents. Recent works employ average earnings or instrumental variable methods to address the effects of measurement error as a result of transitory earnings shocks and mis-reporting. However, empirical studies of intergenerational mobility have paid no attention to the changes in earnings variance across the life cycle suggested by economic models of human capital investment.

Using information from the Intergenerational Income Data from Canada and the National Longitudinal Survey and Panel Study of Income Dynamics from the United States, this study finds a strong association between age at observation and estimated earnings persistence. Part of this age-dependence is related to a general increase in transitory earnings variance during the collection of data. An independent effect of life cycle investment is also identified. These findings are then applied to the variation among intergenerational earnings persistence studies. Among studies with similar methodologies, one-third of the variance in published estimates of earnings persistence is attributable to cross-study differences in the age of responding fathers. Finally, these results call into question tests for the importance of credit constraints based on measures of earnings at different points in the life cycle.

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Direct measures of skill attainment such as the International Adult Literacy Survey are used to assess the importance of educational outcome skills such as literacy in determining labour market outcomes such as earnings. Policy makers also use them to direct resources most efficiently. However, these skill measures are the product of complex statistical procedures. This paper examines the mathematical robustness of the International Adult Literacy Survey measures against other possibilities in estimating the impact of literacy on individual earnings.

Description: The objective of this program is to provide data on employment (number of employees, wages and salaries) in the public sector, i.e. the federal, provincial, territorial and local general governments, health and social service institutions, universities, colleges, vocational and trade institutions, school boards, and government business enterprises.

Description: The survey is designed to provide annual estimates of retail sales, inventories, purchases, employees earnings and location data. This is a survey of Canadian retail business firms with sales and receipts over certain thresholds. The sales data are provided by kind of business and by province and territory.

Description: The Labour Cost Survey was intended to collect information on wage and non-wage benefit costs which is necessary to construct a Labour Cost index.

Description: The estimates are derived in order to supply the System of National Accounts (SNA) with the compensation of employees component of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP).