International trade

Description: The international trade monthly interactive dashboard is a comprehensive analytical tool that presents monthly changes in Canada's international merchandise trade data on a balance of payments basis. Four sections are available: 1) a page summarizing the monthly results; 2) a dashboard showing data by product; 3) a dashboard on Canada's principal trading partners; and 4) graphs that show change in price and volume indices on international trade.

Description: The Canadian International Merchandise Trade (CIMT) Web Application offers the most detailed commodity trade data using the Harmonized System (HS) classification of goods (the 8-digit commodity level for exports and the 10-digit for imports). The CIMT Web Application also offers data at the international 6-digit commodity level. With the CIMT Web Application the user can visualize the latest information on customs based monthly trade through tables and charts as well as a time series report. For a selected period of time, one can also customize its selection and visualize trade, export or import, data for a specific trading partner, a specific province and a specific variable such as value, volume and a percentage change on a monthly or annual basis. The application has also the ability to retrieve the top 25 commodities traded between a selected by the user geography, Canada or a province, and trading partner, the World or a specific country, for the month of interest. When desired, the user can copy the data seen on the screen into their preferred data manipulation software.

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Total value (x 1,000,000) of goods or services purchased from Canadian sources, foreign affiliates and unaffiliated foreign businesses, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and enterprise size, based on a one-year observation period. Goods or services include goods for use as intermediate input for domestic production, goods for resale “as-is,” distribution and logistics services, call and help centre services, marketing and sales services, information and communication technology (ICT) services, professional services, engineering and research and development (R&D) services and other types of goods or services. Estimates refer to fiscal year 2017 (end date falling after January 1, 2017 and on or before December 31, 2017).

Description: Monthly activity indicators draw from a variety of data sources to provide information on Canada's transportation system. The indicators measure passengers and freight, as well as merchandise trade. Data are available from January 2017.

Description: Monthly activity indicators draw from a variety of data sources to provide information on Canada's transportation system. The indicators measure passengers and freight, as well as merchandise trade. Data are available from January 2017. The table presents month-over-month and year-over-year percentage changes.

Description: This infographic focuses on innovation activities and international trade in Canada, based on data from the 2022 Survey of Innovation and Business Strategy. It presents the percentage of Canadian businesses that conducted innovation activities, the innovation rates for businesses that conducted innovation activities in 2022 and for businesses that did not conduct such activities, the percentage of Canadian businesses engaging in international trade, and the obstacles to exporting goods or services.

Description: Quarterly exports and imports of goods and services components in chained (2017) dollars, current dollars and contribution to percent change.

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Canada's international trade in goods are available by category based on the North American Product Classification System (NAPCS). Data are also available for 6 countries/regions. Quarterly data are presented with and without seasonal adjustments.

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Canada's international trade in services are available by category. Quarterly data are presented with and without seasonal adjustments.

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Quarterly data on international trade in services by principal trading partners.

Description: Historical (real-time) releases of merchandise imports and exports with data for years 1988 - current.

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International and inter-provincial trade of culture and sport products, provinces and territories, annual.

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International trade of culture and sport products, by trading partner, Canada, annual.

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Canada and United States bilateral trade in goods data produced by Statistics Canada and the United States Census Bureau (customs basis) and the United States Bureau of Economic Analysis (balance of payments basis). Data are presented before and after adjustments made to standardize definitions. Quarterly data are available on Customs and on Balance of payments basis and are not seasonally adjusted.

Description: International merchandise trade data grouped by Principal Trading Partners (PTP). Users have the option of selecting Imports, Exports, or Trade Balance. Data are unadjusted and seasonally adjusted, and are on a Customs and Balance of Payments basis.

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This table contains 37312 series, with data for years 1990 - 2017 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years). This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (15 items: Canada; Newfoundland and Labrador; Prince Edward Island; Nova Scotia; ...);  Trade (4 items: Total exports; Domestic exports; Re-exports; Total imports);  United States (53 items: Total United States; Alaska; Alabama; Arkansas; ...);  Harmonized System (HS) Sections (22 items: Total Harmonized System (HS) sections; I - Live animals and animal products; II - Vegetable products; III - Animal or vegetable fats and oils and their cleavage products; prepared edible fats; animal or vegetable waxes; ...).

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International merchandise trade data grouped by Principal Trading Partners (PTP). Users have the option of selecting Imports, Exports or Trade Balance. Data are unadjusted and seasonally adjusted, on a Customs and Balance of Payments basis, at a quarterly frequency.

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Monthly international trade in services statistics are compiled as a nowcast of the quarterly international trade in services data. Statistics Canada first projects the next quarter’s totals (using previous quarterly actuals as an input) via an autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model and then disaggregates the quarter using a monthly indicator series. Adjustments are made each month as new information is made available.

Description: International merchandise trade data grouped by North American Product Classification System (NAPCS) section. Users have the option of selecting Imports and Exports. Data are unadjusted and seasonally adjusted, on a Customs and Balance of Payments basis, at a monthly frequency.

Description: International merchandise trade data grouped by the North American Product Classification System (NAPCS) highlighting the motor vehicle and parts section. Data are unadjusted and seasonally adjusted, on a Customs and Balance of Payments basis at a monthly frequency.

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This paper shows how to estimate the effect of the Canada-United States border on non-energy goods trade at a sub-provincial/state level using Statistics Canada’s Surface Transportation File (STF), augmented with United States domestic trade data. It uses a gravity model framework to compare cross-border to domestic trade flows among 201 Canadian and United States regions in year 2012. It shows that some 25 years after the Canada-United States Free Trade Agreement (the North American Free Trade Agreement’s predecessor) was ratified, the cost of trading goods across the border still amounts to a 30% tariff on bilateral trade between Canadian and United States regions. The paper also demonstrates how these estimates can be used along with general equilibrium Poisson pseudo maximum likelihood (GEPPML) methods to describe the effect of changing border costs on North American trade patterns and regional welfare.

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An infographic depicting facts related to Canada’s international merchandise trade with its trading partners, grouped by Canada’s in force free trade agreements. This infographic accompanies a new data table featuring imports and exports grouped by free trade agreement and commodity.

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This article in the Economic Insights series examines the impact of the Canada–United States border and the potential effects of changing the trade costs it imposes between and within the two countries at a fine geographical scale. The analysis is based on a structural gravity model of trade estimated using Statistics Canada’s Surface Transportation File and the United States Census Bureau’s Commodity Flow Survey. The model estimates the general equilibrium effects that Canada–United States border costs have on trade patterns and welfare, which can be illustrated at a fine regional scale. Maps are used to depict how increases and decreases in border frictions affect not only Canada–United States trade, but also domestic trade flows. The maps show considerable regional variation in both types of trade when conditions at the border change.

Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin

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Canada has a relatively large foreign-born population, and the country’s economic prosperity depends on international trade. This paper examines how these two characteristics are linked. Specifically, it investigates the effect of immigrant business ownership on international trade in Canada.

Understanding the impact of immigrants on international trade is particularly important for Canada, as it is a small open economy with a relatively large immigrant population. This paper empirically investigates the effect of immigrant business ownership on international trade in Canada using a newly developed firm-level database with detailed business ownership and trade information. The new data make it possible to better distinguish between the effect immigrants have on reducing information costs and on product demand, and to assess the impact of immigrant business ownership on the extensive and intensive margins of international trade.

Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin

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This article in the Economic Insights series provides users with an integrated summary of recent changes in output, employment, household demand, international trade and prices. Organized as a statistical summary of major indicators, the report is designed to inform about recent developments in the Canadian economy, highlighting major changes in the economic data during the second half of 2017 and early 2018. Unless otherwise noted, the tabulations presented in this report are based on seasonally adjusted data available as of April 17, 2019.

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The last global financial crisis revealed some important data gaps in countries’ statistics to properly assess the build-up of risk and the interconnectedness in financial markets. These gaps have led to the development of a series of initiatives at the international level with clear deliverables to enhance the quality of the information produced by countries in the area of financial investment statistics, including statistics on securities. The initiative undertaken at Statistics Canada to enhance securities statistics has produced many benefits with important expansions in terms of additional characteristics of instruments issued and held by Canadians, additional sector details as well as increased frequency and timeliness.

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This infographic highlights maple syrup production and the main importers of maple syrup.

Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin

Description: This guide presents information to enhance an understanding of Canadian International Merchandise Trade statistics. It provides essential definitions, describes key concepts and methodology, and outlines data processes. An overview of the published data, including descriptions of product, industry, and geographical classifications, is provided along with links to the products where these data are available.

Description: The Canadian Export Classification is a structured, hierarchical classification system based on the Harmonized Description and Coding System. The HS nomenclature is divided into 21 Sections, which in general, group goods produced in the same sector of the economy.

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The mandate of the Analytical Studies Branch (ASB) is to provide high-quality, relevant and timely information on economic, health and social issues that are important to Canadians. The branch strategically makes use of expert knowledge and a large range of statistical sources to describe, draw inferences from, and make objective and scientifically supported deductions about the evolving nature of the Canadian economy and society. Research questions are addressed by applying leading-edge methods, including microsimulation and predictive analytics using a range of linked and integrated administrative and survey data. In supporting greater access to data, ASB linked data are made available to external researchers and policy makers to support evidence-based decision making. Research results are disseminated by the branch using a range of mediums (i.e., research papers, studies, infographics, videos, and blogs) to meet user needs. The branch also provides analytical support and training, feedback, and quality assurance to the wide range of programs within and outside Statistics Canada.

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Beginning in November 2014, International Trade in goods data will be provided on a Balance of Payments (BOP) basis for additional country detail. In publishing this data, BOP-based exports to and imports from 27 countries, referred to as Canada’s Principal Trading Partners (PTPs), will be highlighted for the first time. BOP-based trade in goods data will be available for countries such as China and Mexico, Brazil and India, South Korea, and our largest European Union trading partners, in response to substantial demand for information on these countries in recent years. Until now, Canada’s geographical trading patterns have been examined almost exclusively through analysis of Customs-based trade data. Moreover, BOP trade in goods data for these countries will be available alongside the now quarterly Trade in Services data as well as annual Foreign Direct Investment data for many of these Principal Trading Partners, facilitating country-level international trade and investment analysis using fully comparable data. The objective of this article is to introduce these new measures. This note will first walk users through the key BOP concepts, most importantly the concept of change in ownership. This will serve to familiarize analysts with the Balance of Payments framework for analyzing country-level data, in contrast to Customs-based trade data. Second, some preliminary analysis will be reviewed to illustrate the concepts, with provisional estimates for BOP-based trade with China serving as the principal example. Lastly, we will outline the expansion of quarterly trade in services to generate new estimates of trade for the PTPs and discuss future work in trade statistics.

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Canadian international merchandise trade data are released monthly and may be revised in subsequent releases as new information becomes available. These data are released approximately 35 days following the close of the reference period and represent one of the timeliest economic indicators produced by Statistics Canada. Given their timeliness, some of the data are not received in time and need to be estimated or modelled. This is the case for imports and exports of crude petroleum and natural gas. More specifically, at the time of release, energy trade data are based on an incomplete set of information and are revised as Statistics Canada and National Energy Board information becomes available in the subsequent months. Due to the increasing importance of energy imports and exports and the timeliness of the data, the revisions to energy prices and volumes are having an increasingly significant impact on the monthly revision to Canada’s trade balance. This note explains how the estimates in the initial release are made when data sources are not yet available, and how the original data are adjusted in subsequent releases.

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This is an update of the 2009 article Revisions to international merchandise trade statistics, accounting for changes resulting from increased timeliness in the release of merchandise trade statistics.

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This paper presents the background, methodological change and implementation of the revised real import and export adjustments that account for exchange rate fluctuations.

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Statistics Canada produces monthly import and export merchandise trade price indexes. For the majority of these prices, Statistics Canada uses a variety of proxy measures to derive the price index in lieu of collecting observed import and export prices. The ability of these proxy measures to reflect international trade price movements during times of exchange rate volatility is limited. For this reason, the constant dollar trade estimates derived using these proxy price indexes have been refined with constant dollar adjustments following the appreciation of the Canadian exchange rate beginning at the end of 2002. This paper explains the rational and methodology behind these adjustments, as well as the impact on published trade and GDP estimates.

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The Canadian Export Classification, incorporates amendments to the Nomenclature of the Harmonized Commodity and Coding System.

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This guide discusses the collection and interpretation of statistical data on Canada's trade in culture goods. This guide has been restructured and simplified to better meet the needs of data users. This version replaces Culture Goods Trade Estimates: Methodology and Technical Notes, Catalogue no. 81-595-MIE2004020.