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Description: Economic and Social Reports includes in-depth research, brief analyses, and current economic updates on a variety of topics, such as labour, immigration, education and skills, income mobility, well-being, aging, firm dynamics, productivity, economic transitions, and economic geography. All the papers are institutionally reviewed and the research and analytical papers undergo peer review to ensure that they conform to Statistics Canada's mandate as a governmental statistical agency and adhere to generally accepted standards of good professional practice.

Description: This publication presents annual estimates of the total population and annual estimates by age and gender for Canada, provinces and territories. It also presents estimates of the following components of population change: births, deaths, immigration, emigration, returning emigration, net non-permanent residents and inter-provincial migration, the latter by origin and destination. As in the case of population estimates, the components are also available for the total population and by age and gender.

The Annual demographic estimates - Canada, provinces and territories publication contains the most recent estimates as well as an annual historical series. It also contains highlights and analysis of the most current demographic trends, as well as a brief description of the concepts, methods and data quality of the estimates.

Description: Immigrant Mobility by Geography of admission, Geography of residence, Immigrant mobility indicators, Age groups and sex at taxation year, Pre-admission experience, Knowledge of official languages at admission, Immigrant admission category, and admission year.

Description: In 2013, Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada introduced a new refugee resettlement category called the Blended Visa Office-Referred Program. This admission stream combined the core principles of IRCC’s Government-Assisted Refugees program and the Private Sponsorship of Refugees program. This study asks two questions. First, what are the economic outcomes of BVOR refugees who have been admitted to Canada since 2013? Second, how do these outcomes compare with those of other resettled refugees who were admitted through the GAR and Private Sponsorship of Refugees programs?

Description: This file provides data on the characteristics of the population. The 2001 Census Public Use Microdata Files (PUMFs) contain samples of anonymous responses to the 2001 Census questionnaire. The files have been carefully scrutinized to ensure the complete confidentiality of the individual responses. Three files are available: the Individuals File, the Families File, and the Households and Housing File.

Microdata files are unique among census products in that they give users access to non-aggregated data. The PUMFs user can group and manipulate these variables to suit data and research requirements. Tabulations excluded from other census products can be created or relationships between variables can be analysed using different statistical tests. PUMFs provide quick access to a comprehensive social and economic database about Canada and its people.

Most of the subject matter covered by the census is included in the microdata files. To ensure the respondents' anonymity, geographic identifiers have been restricted to provinces/territories and large metropolitan areas.

Note: Please be advised that errors have been detected in the data for two variables contained on the revised version of this CD-ROM. As well, we have added a unique record identifier called PPSORT, built/included in the file for administrative purposes only. The affected variables are: Income status (2000 low income cut-offs) (INCSTP) Ethnic origin (ETHNICRA) Further details can be found in the "Errata" file offered in several formats on the new, re-issued CD-ROM. Original release date - February 8, 2005 1rst Correction - released August 24, 2005 2nd Correction - released April 26, 2006

Description: The Individuals File, 2011 National Household Survey (Public Use Microdata Files) provides data on the characteristics of the Canadian population. The file contains a 2.7% sample of anonymous responses to the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) questionnaire. The files have been carefully scrutinized to ensure the complete confidentiality of the individual responses and geographic identifiers have been restricted to provinces/territories and metropolitan areas. With 133 variables, this comprehensive tool is excellent for policy analysts, pollsters, social researchers and anyone interested in modelling and performing statistical regression analysis using National Household Survey data.

Microdata files uniquely provide users access to non-aggregated data. The PUMFs user can group and manipulate these variables to suit data and research requirements. Tabulations excluded from other NHS products can be created or relationships between variables can be analyzed using different statistical tests. PUMFs provide quick access to a comprehensive social and economic database about Canada and its people.

This product, offered on DVD-ROM, contains the data file (in ASCII format); user documentation and supporting information; all licence agreements; and SAS, SPSS and Stata program source codes to enable users to read the set of records. It is important to note that users will require knowledge of data manipulation packages (or software) such as SAS, SPSS or Stata to use this product.

Description: This fact sheet offers an overview of the situation of the French language in Manitoba in 2021, along with certain trends observed since 1991. It provides information on the changes in the number and proportion of people in the population who can conduct a conversation in French, whose first official language spoken is French, whose mother tongue is French, and who speak French at home or use French at work. In addition, it contains information on French-language instruction in elementary and secondary schools, on French spoken among recent and established immigrants, as well as on the mobility and place of birth of individuals whose first official language spoken is French. This fact sheet is based on data from the 1991 to 2021 censuses of population, together with the 2011 National Household Survey.

Description: These tables provide 2021 Census highlights on immigration, place of birth and citizenship. Counts and percentage distributions are available for various levels of geography, including Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas, census agglomerations, census divisions and census subdivisions with a 5,000-plus population.

Description:

This reference guide provides information to help users effectively use and interpret place of birth, generation status, citizenship and immigration data from the 2021 Census. This guide contains definitions and explanations of concepts, questions, classifications, data quality and comparability with other sources for this topic.

Description: This interactive data visualization tool uses graphs to present social inclusion indicators under the theme Representation in decision-making positions. The indicators (workers in all management occupations, workers in senior management occupation and workers in  specialized middle management occupations) can be disaggregated by visible minority and selected sociodemographic characteristics for the population in private households. Data are available for Canada, geographical regions of Canada, province or territory and census metropolitan area. This data visualization tool is part of a broader conceptual framework on social inclusion and covers a total of 11 themes. Each theme has a similar interactive visualization tool.

Description:

These are a series of approximately 65 tabulations of 1996 Census data, which features two or three inter-related variables that deal with specific characteristics of people, families or households, or with a characteristic of Canadian dwellings. All variables covered by the 1996 Census are represented in the BST program. Forward Sortation Level geography is available for the first time.

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This web application provides access to data on people, dwellings, families, income and immigration. This dynamic tool allows users to compare national, provincial, territorial, Census metropolitan areas and agglomerations and federal ridings.

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This table presents components of migration (In- and Out-): mobility 1 year Ago, mother tongue, age and sex for migrants aged 1 year and over in private households of provinces and territories.

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This table presents components of migration (In- and Out-): mobility 5 years ago, mother tongue, age and sex for migrants aged 5 years and over in private households of provinces and territories.

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Using 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) data, this profile provides a statistical overview of variables describing immigration and ethnocultural diversity, Aboriginal peoples, education, labour, mobility and migration, income and earnings, and housing and shelter costs.

In the National Household Survey product line, groups of related variables are referred to as 'release components of profiles.' These are made available with the major releases of variables of the NHS cycle, starting with the Immigration and Ethnocultural Diversity, and Aboriginal Peoples releases. Together, they will form a complete NHS Profile of all the variables for each level of geography. Profile-component data are available at the Canada, province and territory, census division and census subdivision levels, at the census metropolitan area and census agglomeration levels, census tract level, and at the federal electoral district (based on the 2013 Representation Order) level.

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This table presents a cross-tabulation of data from the National Household Survey using selected characteristics of the following variables: Immigration, Citizenship, Place of birth, Ethnic origin, Visible minority, Religion and Language.

Description:

This table presents a cross-tabulation of data from the National Household Survey using selected characteristics of the following variables: Immigration, Citizenship, Place of birth, Ethnic origin, Visible minority, Religion and Language.

Description:

This table presents a cross-tabulation of data from the National Household Survey using selected characteristics of the following variables: Immigration, Citizenship, Place of birth, Ethnic origin, Visible minority, Religion and Language.

Description:

This table presents a cross-tabulation of data from the National Household Survey using selected characteristics of the following variables: Immigration, Citizenship, Place of birth, Ethnic origin, Visible minority, Religion and Language.

Description:

This table presents a cross-tabulation of data from the National Household Survey using selected characteristics of the following variables: Immigration, Citizenship, Place of birth, Ethnic origin, Visible minority, Religion and Language.

Description:

Chinese in Canada now comprise the country's largest visible minority group, surpassing one million for the first time, following successive waves of immigration. They are a diverse group, reporting a variety of countries of birth, mother tongues, home languages and religious affiliation. But they are linked by a common ethnicity. And while earlier Chinese immigrants came as manual labourers, recent arrivals tend to come with education and human capital. This article examines the history of the Chinese in Canada, its diverse population and its contribution to the nation's rich multicultural mosaic.

Description:

This article provides a broad snapshot of the outlooks and activities of Canadians in 2003 in three areas: a sense of belonging to Canada, to their province, and to their community; confidence in public institutions such as the health care system and the federal parliament; and trust in others. It is an adaptation of 2003 General Social Survey on Social Engagement, Cycle 17: An Overview of Findings (Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 89-598-XWE).

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This study examines the expansion of visible minority neighbourhoods in Canada's three largest metropolitan areas from 1981 to 2001.

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This study examines the relationship between individuals' health status and the socio-economic composition of the neighbourhoods in which they live. It combines individual microdata from Statistics Canada's 1996-97 National Population Health Survey (NPHS) with neighbourhood-level characteristics estimated from the 1996 Census of Canada.

Description:

This study examines the expansion of visible minority neighbourhoods in Canada's three largest metropolitan areas from 1981 to 2001.

Description: The first assesses how the fertility of immigrant women evolved between 1976-1981 and 1996-2001. It examines whether the fertility behaviour of immigrant women is tending to converge with that of Canadian-born women, and if so, how rapidly this is occurring for different immigrant groups. It also estimates the fertility of immigrants' children, the second-generation of Canadians.

Description:

Using census data covering the 1980 to 2000 period, we examine what outcomes would be necessary for cohorts of recent immigrants to achieve earnings parity with Canadian-born workers. Our results show that today's recent immigrants would have to experience a drastic rise of their relative age-earnings profile in the near future for their earnings to converge with their Canadian-born counterparts. The reason is simple: the greater relative earnings growth experienced by cohorts of recent immigrants has only partially offset the drastic deterioration in their relative earnings at entry.

Description:

Canada has become increasingly multiethnic and multicultural. Immigration over the past 100 years has shaped the country, and each new wave of immigrants has added to the nation's ethnic and cultural diversity. At the time of the 2001 Census, immigrants represented the highest proportion of the population in 70 years, and immigration accounted for more than two-thirds of the population growth in that year. This article explores the changing composition of Canada's immigrants and visible minority groups over the past number of decades.

Description:

Since the 1960s, the social complexion of Toronto's urban landscape has been irreversibly altered as new waves of migrants from Africa, Asia, the Caribbean, and Central and South America have replaced traditional white European migrant flows. This product examines the very different residential settlement patterns of Toronto's three largest racial minorities - Blacks, Chinese and South Asians.

Unlike previous studies based on aggregate level data and 'ecological' correlations, this product assesses the capacity of conventional spatial assimilation theory to account for these differences, using 'locational attainment' models estimated with micro-data from the 1996 Census of Canada. Conclusions show that the residential settlement patterns of South Asians and, strikingly, Blacks fit the expectations of the conventional spatial assimilation model rather well. Initial settlement is in disadvantaged immigrant enclaves from which longer-term, more successful migrants subsequently exit as they purchase homes in more affluent neighbourhoods. Although Toronto's 'Black neighbourhoods' are decidedly poorer than other minority neighbourhoods, most Blacks do not live in these neighbourhoods. In contrast, Chinese immigrants move quickly to purchase homes in somewhat more affluent and enduring ethnic communities. This product shows that, rather than being historically novel, however, the Chinese are replicating the settlement pattern of earlier southern European (particularly Italian) immigrants and for much the same reasons (i.e., relative advantage in the housing market and low levels of language assimilation).

Description:

International migration is a joint outcome of the individual's desire to migrate and the host country's selection process. First, the potential migrants apply to a host country, then the host country chooses migrants from the applicant pool. The theoretical focus of the earlier literature was centred on the desire to migrate, while the empirical literature focused on the actual migrants, while migration is the product of these two factors. The objective of this paper is to identify the components of this two-step, decision-making process

Parameters in the migration model relate directly to policy instruments such as the points awarded for various characteristics. Given the parameter estimates of the model and the general analysis of immigration policy, a study of the factors determining the individual's decision to apply can be done in a way that has not been possible up until now. Using samples of migrants and non-migrants, the model is estimated for migration from two different source countries, the United States and the United Kingdom, to Canada.

For migrants, a newly available longitudinal data set, the Longitudinal Immigration Database (IMDB), has been used. The richness of this database, which surveys immigrants to Canada over a long period and contains information on both their application and subsequent earnings, permits the investigation of a large range of questions that could not be fruitfully addressed before. Estimation of the two-step framework provides important insights on the effects of factors, such as education and income, that help establish this selection process.

Description:

This reference guide provides information to help users effectively use and interpret place of birth, generation status, citizenship and immigration data from the 2021 Census. This guide contains definitions and explanations of concepts, questions, classifications, data quality and comparability with other sources for this topic.

Description: This report aims to describe the methods used for the calculation of projection parameters, the various projection assumptions and their rationales.

Description:

The Longitudinal Immigration Database (IMDB) is a comprehensive source of data that plays a key role in the understanding of the economic behaviour of immigrants. It is the only annual Canadian dataset that allows users to study the characteristics of immigrants to Canada at the time of admission and their economic outcomes and regional (inter-provincial) mobility over a time span of more than 35 years. The IMDB includes Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) administrative records which contain exhaustive information about immigrants who were admitted to Canada since 1952. It also includes data about non-permanent residents who have been issued temporary resident permits since 1980. This report will discuss the IMDB data sources, concepts and variables, record linkage, data processing, dissemination, data evaluation and quality indicators, comparability with other immigration datasets, and the analyses possible with the IMDB.

Description:

The Longitudinal Immigration Database (IMDB) is a comprehensive source of data that plays a key role in the understanding of the economic behaviour of immigrants. It is the only annual Canadian dataset that allows users to study the characteristics of immigrants to Canada at the time of admission and their economic outcomes and regional (inter-provincial) mobility over a time span of more than 35 years. The IMDB includes Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) administrative records which contain exhaustive information about immigrants who were admitted to Canada since 1952. It also includes data about non-permanent residents who have been issued temporary resident permits since 1980. This report will discuss the IMDB data sources, concepts and variables, record linkage, data processing, dissemination, data evaluation and quality indicators, comparability with other immigration datasets, and the analyses possible with the IMDB.

The IMDB was released in stages. The sections 2.2 and 7 of this report were revised to take the updates into account.

Description:

This fact sheet offers a concise overview of updated—new or modified—content for the 2021 Census of Population that is specific to the theme of immigration, ethnocultural diversity and languages in Canada, which includes the following topics: immigration and citizenship, place of birth of person/parents, ethnic or cultural origins, population groups, religion, language, and minority language educational rights. The changes considered for these topics are explained, along with the resulting approach for 2021.

Description:

The Longitudinal Immigration Database (IMDB) is a comprehensive source of data that plays a key role in the understanding of the economic behaviour of immigrants. It is the only annual Canadian dataset that allows users to study the characteristics of immigrants to Canada at the time of admission and their economic outcomes and regional (inter-provincial) mobility over a time span of more than 30 years. The IMDB combines administrative files on immigrant admissions and non-permanent resident permits from Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) with tax files from the Canadian Revenue Agency (CRA). Information is available for immigrant taxfilers admitted since 1980. Tax records for 1982 and subsequent years are available for immigrant taxfilers. This report will discuss the IMDB data sources, concepts and variables, record linkage, data processing, dissemination, data evaluation and quality indicators, comparability with other immigration datasets, and the analyses possible with the IMDB.

Description:

The Longitudinal Immigration Database (IMDB) is a comprehensive source of data that plays a key role in the understanding of the economic behaviour of immigrants. It is the only annual Canadian dataset that allows users to study the characteristics of immigrants to Canada at the time of admission and their economic outcomes and regional (inter-provincial) mobility over a time span of more than 30 years. The IMDB combines administrative files on immigrant admissions and non-permanent resident permits from Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) with tax files from the Canadian Revenue Agency (CRA). Information is available for immigrant taxfilers admitted since 1980. Tax records for 1982 and subsequent years are available for immigrant taxfilers.

This report will discuss the IMDB data sources, concepts and variables, record linkage, data processing, dissemination, data evaluation and quality indicators, comparability with other immigration datasets, and the analyses possible with the IMDB.

Description:

The Longitudinal Immigration Database (IMDB) is a comprehensive source of data that plays a key role in the understanding of the economic behaviour of immigrants. It is the only annual Canadian dataset that allows users to study the characteristics of immigrants to Canada at the time of admission and their economic outcomes and regional (inter-provincial) mobility over a time span of more than 30 years. The IMDB combines administrative files on immigrant admissions and non-permanent resident permits from Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) with tax files from the Canadian Revenue Agency (CRA). Information is available for immigrant taxfilers admitted since 1980. Tax records for 1982 and subsequent years are available for immigrant taxfilers.

This report will discuss the IMDB data sources, concepts and variables, record linkage, data processing, dissemination, data evaluation and quality indicators, comparability with other immigration datasets, and the analyses possible with the IMDB.

Description:

This manual provides detailed descriptions of the data sources and methods used by Statistics Canada to estimate population. They comprise Postcensal and intercensal population estimates; base population; births and deaths; immigration; emigration; non-permanent residents; interprovincial migration; subprovincial estimates of population; population estimates by age, sex and marital status; and census family estimates. A glossary of principal terms is contained at the end of the manual, followed by the standard notation used.

Until now, literature on the methodological changes for estimates calculations has always been spread throughout various Statistics Canada publications and background papers. This manual provides users of demographic statistics with a comprehensive compilation of the current procedures used by Statistics Canada to prepare population and family estimates.

Description:

This reference guide provides information that enables users to effectively use, apply and interpret data from the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS). This guide contains definitions and explanations of concepts, classifications, data quality and comparability to other sources. Additional information is included for specific variables to help general users better understand the concepts and questions used in the NHS.