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  • 1. A portrait of official language minority owned businesses that received federal business innovation and growth support, 2020
    Articles and reports: 11-621-M2023017
    Description: This article provides a profile of official language minority owned businesses who received federal business innovation and growth support to better understand their demographics and business characteristics, including the age and gender of the owners, the business size and its revenues, the geography of operations, the level of support received, and the distribution of businesses across industries.
    Release date: 2024-02-29
  • 2. Investment Slowdown in Canada After the Mid-2000s: The Role of Competition and Intangibles
    Articles and reports: 11F0019M2024001
    Description: This paper contributes to the understanding of the investment slowdown in Canada by focusing on the role of intangibles and competition. While this paper focuses on the role of intangibles and competition in the investment slowdown, it also examines several other firm-specific factors that may be related to investment and its slowdown. These factors include firm leverage, defined as the debt-to-asset ratio; the factors related to financial constraints, measured by the retained earnings-to-asset ratio and profit-to-asset ratio; and firm size.
    Release date: 2024-02-22
  • 3. Business ownership among persons with disabilities in Canada
    Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202101200004
    Description:

    This paper provides a sociodemographic profile of business owners with disabilities using 2017 administrative tax data. It evaluates how sociodemographic characteristics of business owners with disabilities intersect and compares them with those of business owners without disabilities. It also examines the firm-level measures of these businesses, including firm size, industry, exports and financial characteristics.

    Release date: 2022-01-18
  • 4. Characteristics of businesses that closed during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020
    Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202100300003
    Description: This article compares the characteristics of employer businesses that were closed by September 2020 and remained closed as of November 2020 to those that were active before the onset of the pandemic in February 2020. Characteristics related to the risk of closure are examined: businesses size, age, indebtedness, liquidity and profitability. Based on these characteristics, the risk of closure is estimated for each business.
    Release date: 2021-03-24
  • 5. How did the COVID-19 pandemic affect the hours worked in Canada? An analysis by industry, province, and firm size
    Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202100100005
    Description:

    Around the world, one critical response to the COVID-19 pandemic has been the implementation of physical distancing measures. These policies, which are necessary to contain the spread of the virus, have had serious consequences on the organization of work. This study used the Labour Force Survey (LFS), which makes it possible to compare the estimates of the hours worked in an employee’s main job in 2020 with the 2017-to-2019 average of hours worked (hereafter referred to as the “baseline”). The main contribution of the article is that it provides estimates of the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic not only by industry and province but also by firm size, which is an important dimension more rarely discussed.

    Release date: 2021-01-27
  • 6. Decomposing the Between-firm Employment Earnings Dispersion in the Canadian Business Sector: The Role of Firm Characteristics
    Articles and reports: 11F0019M2020006
    Description:

    This paper examines the role of firm characteristics in accounting for the between-firm average employment earnings dispersion in the Canadian business sector between 2002 and 2015. It uses two decomposition methods to analyze the level of and changes in the between-firm average employment earnings dispersion by firm characteristics, such as productivity, globalization status (importing, exporting, foreign ownership), technology intensity, firm size, firm age, industry and geographic region.

    Release date: 2020-02-20
  • 7. Understanding Developments in Individuals’ Earnings Dispersion in Canada Using Matched Employer–Employee Data
    Articles and reports: 11F0019M2020007
    Description:

    The dispersion of earnings among workers may come from multiple sources. It may reflect differences in workers’ characteristics, such as education and experience. It may also be because workers are employed at different firms that pay differently. Recent studies from other countries have found that firms play an important role in explaining earnings disparities among workers, often through the link between productivity and pay. However, there has been no Canadian evidence on the link between the earnings dispersion and firm differences because of a lack of matched employer–employee data. This paper presents developments in the dispersion of individuals’ earnings in Canada and examines the potential of firm characteristics to account for this dispersion and changes in this dispersion in the post-2000 period using the Canadian Employer–Employee Dynamics Database.

    Release date: 2020-02-20
  • 8. Long-run Perspectives on Mid-size Firms: The Role of Productivity and Geographic Scope Archived
    Articles and reports: 11F0019M2019004
    Description: This paper uses Canadian business microdata for 1999 to 2013 to study the characteristics of private-sector medium-sized firms that transition to the large or small size classes. A firm’s size class is defined over a three-year window to ensure that it represents the firm’s long-term state rather than a transient state for a given year. The paper examines what distinguishes medium-sized firms that become large from those that revert to being small.
    Release date: 2019-02-05
  • 9. Firm-specific Shocks and Aggregate Fluctuations in the Canadian Manufacturing Sector, 2000 to 2012 Archived
    Articles and reports: 11F0019M2016384
    Description:

    In order to understand what drives aggregate fluctuations, many macroeconomic models point to aggregate shocks and discount the contribution of firm-specific shocks. Recent research from other developed countries, however, has found that aggregate fluctuations are in part driven by shocks to large firms. Using data on Canadian firms from the T2-LEAP database, which links financial statements from firms’ Corporate Income Tax Return with employment data from the Longitudinal Employment Analysis Program, this paper examines the contribution of large firms to industry-level fluctuations in gross output, investment and employment in the manufacturing sector.

    Release date: 2016-11-21
  • 10. The Measurement of Firm Entry in the Longitudinal Employment Analysis Program Archived
    Articles and reports: 11-633-X2016004
    Description:

    Understanding the importance of the dynamic entry process in the Canadian economy involves measuring the amount and size of firm entry. The paper presents estimates of the importance of firm entry in Canada. It uses the database underlying the Longitudinal Employment Analysis Program (LEAP), which has produced measures of firm entry and exit since 1988. This paper discusses the methodology used to estimate entry and exit, the issues that had to be resolved and the reasons for choosing the particular solutions that were adopted. It then presents measures that are derived from LEAP. Finally, it analyzes the sensitivity of the estimates associated with LEAP to alternative methods of estimating entry and exit.

    Release date: 2016-11-10
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Analysis (164)

Analysis (164) (0 to 10 of 164 results)

  • 1. A portrait of official language minority owned businesses that received federal business innovation and growth support, 2020
    Articles and reports: 11-621-M2023017
    Description: This article provides a profile of official language minority owned businesses who received federal business innovation and growth support to better understand their demographics and business characteristics, including the age and gender of the owners, the business size and its revenues, the geography of operations, the level of support received, and the distribution of businesses across industries.
    Release date: 2024-02-29
  • 2. Investment Slowdown in Canada After the Mid-2000s: The Role of Competition and Intangibles
    Articles and reports: 11F0019M2024001
    Description: This paper contributes to the understanding of the investment slowdown in Canada by focusing on the role of intangibles and competition. While this paper focuses on the role of intangibles and competition in the investment slowdown, it also examines several other firm-specific factors that may be related to investment and its slowdown. These factors include firm leverage, defined as the debt-to-asset ratio; the factors related to financial constraints, measured by the retained earnings-to-asset ratio and profit-to-asset ratio; and firm size.
    Release date: 2024-02-22
  • 3. Business ownership among persons with disabilities in Canada
    Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202101200004
    Description:

    This paper provides a sociodemographic profile of business owners with disabilities using 2017 administrative tax data. It evaluates how sociodemographic characteristics of business owners with disabilities intersect and compares them with those of business owners without disabilities. It also examines the firm-level measures of these businesses, including firm size, industry, exports and financial characteristics.

    Release date: 2022-01-18
  • 4. Characteristics of businesses that closed during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020
    Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202100300003
    Description: This article compares the characteristics of employer businesses that were closed by September 2020 and remained closed as of November 2020 to those that were active before the onset of the pandemic in February 2020. Characteristics related to the risk of closure are examined: businesses size, age, indebtedness, liquidity and profitability. Based on these characteristics, the risk of closure is estimated for each business.
    Release date: 2021-03-24
  • 5. How did the COVID-19 pandemic affect the hours worked in Canada? An analysis by industry, province, and firm size
    Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202100100005
    Description:

    Around the world, one critical response to the COVID-19 pandemic has been the implementation of physical distancing measures. These policies, which are necessary to contain the spread of the virus, have had serious consequences on the organization of work. This study used the Labour Force Survey (LFS), which makes it possible to compare the estimates of the hours worked in an employee’s main job in 2020 with the 2017-to-2019 average of hours worked (hereafter referred to as the “baseline”). The main contribution of the article is that it provides estimates of the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic not only by industry and province but also by firm size, which is an important dimension more rarely discussed.

    Release date: 2021-01-27
  • 6. Decomposing the Between-firm Employment Earnings Dispersion in the Canadian Business Sector: The Role of Firm Characteristics
    Articles and reports: 11F0019M2020006
    Description:

    This paper examines the role of firm characteristics in accounting for the between-firm average employment earnings dispersion in the Canadian business sector between 2002 and 2015. It uses two decomposition methods to analyze the level of and changes in the between-firm average employment earnings dispersion by firm characteristics, such as productivity, globalization status (importing, exporting, foreign ownership), technology intensity, firm size, firm age, industry and geographic region.

    Release date: 2020-02-20
  • 7. Understanding Developments in Individuals’ Earnings Dispersion in Canada Using Matched Employer–Employee Data
    Articles and reports: 11F0019M2020007
    Description:

    The dispersion of earnings among workers may come from multiple sources. It may reflect differences in workers’ characteristics, such as education and experience. It may also be because workers are employed at different firms that pay differently. Recent studies from other countries have found that firms play an important role in explaining earnings disparities among workers, often through the link between productivity and pay. However, there has been no Canadian evidence on the link between the earnings dispersion and firm differences because of a lack of matched employer–employee data. This paper presents developments in the dispersion of individuals’ earnings in Canada and examines the potential of firm characteristics to account for this dispersion and changes in this dispersion in the post-2000 period using the Canadian Employer–Employee Dynamics Database.

    Release date: 2020-02-20
  • 8. Long-run Perspectives on Mid-size Firms: The Role of Productivity and Geographic Scope Archived
    Articles and reports: 11F0019M2019004
    Description: This paper uses Canadian business microdata for 1999 to 2013 to study the characteristics of private-sector medium-sized firms that transition to the large or small size classes. A firm’s size class is defined over a three-year window to ensure that it represents the firm’s long-term state rather than a transient state for a given year. The paper examines what distinguishes medium-sized firms that become large from those that revert to being small.
    Release date: 2019-02-05
  • 9. Firm-specific Shocks and Aggregate Fluctuations in the Canadian Manufacturing Sector, 2000 to 2012 Archived
    Articles and reports: 11F0019M2016384
    Description:

    In order to understand what drives aggregate fluctuations, many macroeconomic models point to aggregate shocks and discount the contribution of firm-specific shocks. Recent research from other developed countries, however, has found that aggregate fluctuations are in part driven by shocks to large firms. Using data on Canadian firms from the T2-LEAP database, which links financial statements from firms’ Corporate Income Tax Return with employment data from the Longitudinal Employment Analysis Program, this paper examines the contribution of large firms to industry-level fluctuations in gross output, investment and employment in the manufacturing sector.

    Release date: 2016-11-21
  • 10. The Measurement of Firm Entry in the Longitudinal Employment Analysis Program Archived
    Articles and reports: 11-633-X2016004
    Description:

    Understanding the importance of the dynamic entry process in the Canadian economy involves measuring the amount and size of firm entry. The paper presents estimates of the importance of firm entry in Canada. It uses the database underlying the Longitudinal Employment Analysis Program (LEAP), which has produced measures of firm entry and exit since 1988. This paper discusses the methodology used to estimate entry and exit, the issues that had to be resolved and the reasons for choosing the particular solutions that were adopted. It then presents measures that are derived from LEAP. Finally, it analyzes the sensitivity of the estimates associated with LEAP to alternative methods of estimating entry and exit.

    Release date: 2016-11-10
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