Geography - Find information by region or area

Description: Think your Christmas tree knowledge is top-notch? Time to put it to the test! In this holiday special of Eh Sayers, our colleagues face off in a trivia showdown all about Canada’s Christmas tree industry. Discover which nation first sparked the tradition, how much Canadian Christmas tree farmers earned in 2023, the surprising numbers behind exports and imports, and more festive facts. After listening, you’ll be the go-to expert on Christmas trees at your holiday party!

Description: This report describes the main changes, additions or deletions to the Census of Agriculture questionnaire by topic and in the order they appear on the questionnaire.

Description: To stay relevant, preparing for a new Census of Agriculture requires a thorough evaluation of data requirements. Before each census, Statistics Canada conducts consultations to solicit input and feedback on the Census of Agriculture's content. This report describes those consultations and the process that was followed to test and determine which topics could be potentially retained for the next census.

Description: Indigenous Peoples are an integral part of the farm population and have been contributing to the agricultural landscape of what is now Canada for many centuries before the arrival of settlers. This article provides a socioeconomic portrait of the Indigenous farm population, touching on population changes, gender, age, education, type of farming activity and income.

Description: This publication features short and accessible analytical articles that delve further into key findings and emerging trends identified in Census of Agriculture and other data sources related to agriculture. Subjects of analysis include matters related to farm land, crops, livestock, farm finances, technology, the environment and the farm population, as well as other economic and social aspects of Canada’s agriculture industry. Analytical articles are written in plain language and are intended to be a valuable source of information for a broad audience, including policy analysts, students, researchers, agricultural operators, the media and the public at large.

Description: Census of Agriculture data provide statistical information on farms and farm operators at fine geographic levels and for small subpopulations. Quality evaluation activities are essential to ensure that census data are reliable and that they meet user needs.

This report provides data quality information pertaining to the Census of Agriculture, such as sources of error, error detection, disclosure control methods, data quality indicators, response rates and collection rates.

Description: Goats are raised to produce dairy, meat, fibre and skin products. The demand for these products has risen over time in Canada. Results from the Census of Agriculture show that despite a decline in the number of farms reporting goats, the overall number of goats reported on farms in Canada has significantly increased over the last 30 years—largely because of increases in Ontario, where the greatest share of goats has been reported.

Description: The gender pay gap is a longstanding issue that exists in various industries across Canada, including the agricultural sector. This article provides analysis on the gender pay gap among Canada’s farm operators over time and explores the gender pay gap in 2020 by geography, farm type, revenue class, level of education, field of study, racialized group and population centre.

Description: This article provides insights on the ethnocultural diversity of farm operators, according to various socioeconomic characteristics, such as racialized group or Indigenous self-identification, mother tongue, place of birth, immigrant status, gender, age, educational attainment, farm type, and revenue class.

Description: This infographic looks at the educational attainment of farm operators by field of study, gender and age group. The main data source for this product is the 2021 Agriculture–Population Linkage (linkage between the Census of Agriculture and the Census of Population).

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Census of Agriculture, 2016. Farms reporting selling agricultural products directly to consumers, by sales method, in the year prior to the census.

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Census of Agriculture, 2016. Farms reporting having a written succession plan for the agricultural operation.

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Census of Agriculture, 2016. Farms reporting renewable energy production on the operation, regardless of ownership, in the year prior to the census.

Description: This interactive tool allows users to visualize data on select farm and farm operator variables from the Census of Agriculture. Users can view data at the national and provincial levels of geography.

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Census of Agriculture, 2021. Tillage and seeding practices used on land seeded or to be seeded.

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Census of Agriculture, 2021. Land inputs (pesticides, fertilizers, lime, etc.) and manure by application method, and total land irrigated, in 2020.

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Census of Agriculture, 2021. Farms reporting selected land practices and land features.

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Census of Agriculture, 2021. Number of cows, bulls, heifers, steers and calves.

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Census of Agriculture, 2021. Number of ewes, rams and lambs.

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Census of Agriculture, 2021. Number of sows, boars, suckling pigs, weanling, nursery or starter pigs, and market pigs.

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An overview of operating expenses of Canadian livestock farms. The expenditures vary depending on the province, production method and industry type. The summary analysis makes it possible to compare the movement of expenditures for each dollar spent.

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A pulse is an edible seed harvested from the pod of a variety of annual leguminous plants. Pulses grown in Canada include, mainly, dry beans, dry peas, lentils and chickpeas. Pulse area and production in Canada has increased since the 1980s, making the country one of the leading producers and exporters of pulses worldwide.

Description: As crops grow, they deplete the soil’s fertility by absorbing nutrients from the land. These nutrients, need to be replenished in order to ensure that there is something in the soil for the next year’s crops. Canadian agriculture relies heavily on commercial fertilizers as well as manure to replenish soil’s nutrients. This article examines how farmers provide their crops with the nutrients they need to grow and how these farming practices have changed over time.

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Horticulture is a type of agriculture that encompasses a wide range of crop production. Fruit, vegetable, ornamental and medicinal plant culture all fall under the umbrella of horticulture. There are two broad categories of crops within horticulture: edible and non-edible crops.

Edible horticulture crops, such as fruits, vegetables and nuts, are products grown for human food that are either consumed fresh or processed into value-added products, such as frozen foods, preserves and wine. Although they are not biologically classified as plants, mushrooms are considered to be an edible product of horticulture. Medicinal plants which are grown for teas and supplements such as ginseng are also considered to be edible horticultural products.

Non-edible horticulture crops are not used as food but are rather produced for other purposes. For instance, cut flowers, bedding plants, shrubs, trees, and perennials are grown as ornamental plants to enhance the appearance of homes, offices, gardens and public spaces. Sod farming is another type of non-edible horticulture which produces established turf for lawns, parks and sports fields.

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Farmers and corn breeders have developed multiple varieties suited to particular uses and adapted to distinct environments. In Canada, three broad types of corn dominate farmers' fields: corn for grain, corn for silage, and sweet corn.

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The structure of the agriculture industry changed significantly over the last two decades. There are fewer but larger farms contributing to Canadian agriculture production. Since 1991, the average farm area increased, while the number of farm operators decreased. The average age of farm operators also increased.

Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin

Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin

Description: In this paper, we examine the off-farm labour decisions of Canadian census-farm operators using micro-level data from the 2001 Census of Agriculture combined with community level data from the 2001 Census of Population.

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This article profiles the industry, examining its current economic status as well as blueberry cultivation and the fruit's popularity worldwide.

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This activity focusses on changes in the way in which fruit and vegetable producers are selling their produce. Using the pumpkin industry as a case study, it examines the agri-tourism trend.

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In this activity, students learn about the different medicinal herbs that are being grown on Canadian farms.

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This activity considers some of the new produce we are seeing in Canadian grocery stores. It looks at the origins of these vegetables, and how they made it to the produce aisle.

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This activity focuses on how water is used for irrigation, the benefits and risks associated with irrigation and the ways farmers manage their water use.

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This activity explores the use of pesticides in protecting crops, including the risks and benefits.

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This activity is designed to show students some of the changes affecting Prairie agriculture over the past 100 years, and how Prairie farmers have adapted to them.

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Western Canadian grain farmers are seeing profound economic and technological changes in their industry. This activity looks at the ways in which these trends have affected grain elevators and grain transportation in Western Canada.

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This activity looks at declining demand for fall rye and the resultant decline in the amount grown on the Prairies. Using rye as a case study, we see how changes in agricultural practices and changes in the population affect what farmers grow.

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This Reference Guide is available for both the Internet (Catalogue No. 92F0174XIE) and CD-ROM (Catalogue No. 92F0174XCB) versions of the Census Agricultural Regions Boundary File for the 2001 Census of Agriculture product. The guide not only describes the content, uses and technical specifications of this product, but also provides notes on the data quality and general methodology used to create it.

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This Cartographic Boundary File for Canada contains the boundaries of all 82 census agricultural regions delineated for the 2001 Census of Agriculture together with the shoreline around Canada and the larger inland lakes, all integrated in a single layer. The boundary file coordinates are latitude/longitude and are based on the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD83). The file is available in both ARC/INFO Interchange and MapInfo Interchange formats and a reference guide is also provided.

Cartographic Boundary Files can be used with Census of Population, Census of Agriculture or other Statistics Canada data for data analysis and thematic mapping (with appropriate software). Geographic codes provide the linkage between the statistical data and the geographic area boundaries. Cartographic Boundary Files can also be used to create new geographic areas by aggregating standard geographic areas, and for other data manipulations available with the user's software. The Cartographic Boundary Files are positionally consistent with the Road Network Files and Skeletal Road Network Files, which can provide additional geographic context for mapping applications.