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- 31. Productivity Trends of Unincorporated Enterprises in the Canadian Economy, 1987 to 2005 ArchivedArticles and reports: 15-206-X2010028Description:
This study uses new GDP estimates for the unincorporated sector in order to examine labour productivity in the unincorporated sector and to compare it to that in the corporate sector over the period 1987 to 2005. The level of nominal GDP per hour worked is significantly lower for unincorporated enterprises ($23.20 in 2005) than it is for corporations ($43.40 in 2005). In 2005, GDP per hour worked in the unincorporated sector was just 53% of GDP per hour worked in the corporate sector.
Release date: 2010-10-18 - Articles and reports: 11-010-X200900910924Geography: CanadaDescription:
The growth of unincorporated GDP fell below corporate GDP in recent years, after similar increases in the two sectors through most of the 1990s. The slowdown was more pronounced for self-employment, after much faster growth in the 1990s.
Release date: 2009-09-10 - Articles and reports: 11-624-M2009024Geography: CanadaDescription:
This paper investigates the evolution of the unincorporated sector using the number of self-employed and gross domestic product (GDP), in that sector over the period 1987 to 2005.
Self-employment studies have analyzed various characteristics of self-employed workers, including age, sex, immigration status and education, but have generally lacked measures of GDP associated with unincorporated self-employment. This study redresses the lack of economic data, and estimates GDP by industry arising from unincorporated self-employment. This paper updates the 1997 - 2002 estimates of unincorporated GDP derived by Rispoli (2009).
The paper also examines how unincorporated self-employment responded to both overall economic trends and business cycles. The rate of unincorporated self-employment was positively correlated to the unemployment rate in the long run.
The paper also looks at incorporated self-employment. (Close to one million self-employed were incorporated in 2005). It investigates its relationship to the same macroeconomic conditions to determine if incorporated self-employment has a profile similar to unincorporated self-employment. Previous self-employment studies have typically treated self-employment as a homogeneous group. This paper examines the differences between the two groups and finds that they react differently to macroeconomic conditions.
Incorporated self-employment grew substantially between 1987 and 1999 (averaging 3.8% per year), and continued to grow between 2000 and 2005 (averaging 4.1% per year). The evidence suggests that a shift in self-employment did not occur from unincorporated enterprises to corporations, but that different forces were at work in the two sectors. Over the long run, the unincorporated self-employment rate is positively correlated to the unemployment rate. In contrast, the incorporated self-employment rate is not related to changes in the unemployment rate, but is positively correlated to overall GDP growth.
Release date: 2009-09-10 - 34. Measuring the Contribution of the Unincorporated Sector in the Canadian Economy, 1997 to 2002 ArchivedArticles and reports: 11-624-M2009023Geography: CanadaDescription:
This paper sheds light on the contribution of unincorporated enterprises to the Canadian economy in terms of gross domestic product (GDP) from 1997 to 2002. The study separates the aggregate business GDP, including its components, into the unincorporated and incorporated sectors. After describing the key legal and organizational differences between the unincorporated and incorporated sectors, including tax regime, limited liability, and number of entities, employment and capital intensity, it looks at the contribution of the two sectors across various industries. It provides estimates for 25 S-level industries and W-level detail for some of the more important industries of the unincorporated sector. In deriving the estimates, the study used the same data sources as those used in Statistics Canada's Input-Output Accounts. Results of the study suggest that the unincorporated sector contributed $82.2 billion in 2002 representing 10.1% of total business sector GDP, a slight decrease from 11.3% in 1997.
Release date: 2009-02-19 - Articles and reports: 11F0027M2008049Geography: CanadaDescription:
Productivity and wages tend to be higher in cities. This is typically explained by agglomeration economies, which increase the returns associated with urban locations. Competing arguments of specialization and diversity undergird these claims. Empirical research has long sought to confirm the existence of agglomeration economies and to adjudicate between the models of Marshall, Arrow and Romer (MAR) that suggest the benefits of proximity are largely confined to individual industries, and the claims of Jacobs (1969) that such benefits derive from a general increase in the density of economic activity in a particular place and are shared by all occupants of that location. The primary goal of this paper is to identify the main sources of urban increasing returns, after Marshall (1920). A secondary goal is to examine the geographical distance across which externalities flow between businesses in the same industry. We bring to bear on these questions plant-level data organized in the form of a panel across the years 1989 and 1999. The panel data overcome selection bias resulting from unobserved plant-level heterogeneity that is constant over time. Plant-level production functions are estimated across the Canadian manufacturing sector as a whole and for five broad industry groups, each characterized by the nature of their output. Results provide strong support for Marshall's (1920) claims about the importance of buyer-supplier networks, labour market pooling and spillovers. The data show spillovers enhance plant productivity within industries rather than between them and that these spillovers tend to be more spatially extensive than previous studies have found.
Release date: 2008-02-05 - Articles and reports: 11-010-X200701210464Geography: Geographical region of CanadaDescription:
This paper examines whether cross-border shopping has taken flight with the loonie. It finds that measured by the number of trips to the US, the average spent per trip or even online purchases, the recent increase in cross-border shopping has been minimal, especially outside of Ontario. More notable is the drop in US visitors to Canada. Meanwhile, overseas travel in and out of Canada continues to grow rapidly.
Release date: 2007-12-13 - Articles and reports: 11-010-X200700910332Geography: CanadaDescription:
This article finds that the volume of infrastructure capital has rebounded since 2000 after two decades of neglect. While infrastructure growth has been similar across regions, there are sharp differences in the type of asset targeted by the regions, especially when spending slowed after 1980.
Release date: 2007-09-13 - 38. Terms of trade, GDP and the exchange rate ArchivedArticles and reports: 11-010-X20040036835Geography: CanadaDescription:
This article focus on the reasons for the recent sharp shift in Canada's terms of trade and the distributional effects on the economy, which have already been considerable. We also look to the recent American experience with a sharply rising dollar as a guide to how different sectors of the economy could gain or lose from these changes. The terms of international trade - defined as the ratio of our export prices to import prices - shifted in favour of importers at the expenses of exporters.
Release date: 2004-03-25 - Articles and reports: 11-010-X20030046509Geography: CanadaDescription:
This article studies recent divergence between Canadian and U.S. household, government, business and external spending and saving. It also looks at the implications for lending and borrowing in the two countries.
Release date: 2003-04-17
Stats in brief (1)
Stats in brief (1) ((1 result))
- 1. National Cannabis Survey 2nd quarter, 2019 ArchivedStats in brief: 11-627-M2019057Description:
The main objective of the National Cannabis Survey is to better understand the frequency of cannabis usage in Canada and to monitor changes in behaviour as a result of the legalization of cannabis for non-medical use.
Release date: 2019-08-15
Articles and reports (38)
Articles and reports (38) (0 to 10 of 38 results)
- Articles and reports: 11-626-X2019014Description:
This article in the Economic Insights series provides users with an integrated summary of recent changes in output, employment, household demand, international trade and prices. Organized as a statistical summary of major indicators, the report is designed to inform about recent developments in the Canadian economy, highlighting major changes in the economic data during the first half of 2019 and into the summer months. Unless otherwise noted, the tabulations presented in this report are based on seasonally adjusted data available as of October 18, 2019.
Release date: 2019-11-04 - Articles and reports: 13-605-X201900100006Description:
This paper examines the parameters needed to calculate the mass of cannabis metabolites in wastewater, and the additional parameters needed to estimate the total quantity of cannabis consumed.
Release date: 2019-05-21 - Articles and reports: 11-626-X2018084Description:
This Economic Insights article examines the changes in productivity dispersion in Canadian manufacturing—that is, the difference between the productivity performance of the most productive plants (frontier plants) and the productivity performance of all remaining plants (non frontier plants). It examines the relationship between changes in productivity dispersion, aggregate manufacturing productivity growth and exchange rate movements.
Release date: 2018-11-06 - Articles and reports: 11-626-X2018085Description:
This article in the Economic Insights series provides users with an integrated summary of recent changes in output, employment, household demand, international trade and prices. Organized as a statistical summary of major indicators, the report is designed to inform about recent developments in the Canadian economy, highlighting major changes in the economic data during the first half of 2018 and into the summer months. Unless otherwise noted, the tabulations presented in this report are based on seasonally adjusted data available on October 9, 2018.
Release date: 2018-10-30 - 5. Canada's international trade in information and communications technologies (ICT) and ICT-enabled services ArchivedArticles and reports: 13-605-X201800154965Description:
Information and communications technologies (ICT) play an important role in facilitating trade in services. The reduction in costs of ICT, technological advances and computerization of work have enabled services to increasingly be traded. Many services can now be instantaneously delivered online to businesses and consumers around the world.
Release date: 2018-10-19 - 6. Trade in services by mode of supply: definitions, collection strategies and preliminary results ArchivedArticles and reports: 13-605-X201800154966Description:
International trade in services is covered by a set of rules documented in the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS). The GATS is a multilaterally agreed legal framework for trade in services, which provides a system of enforceable obligations and commitments for services trade that apply to all members of the World Trade Organization. The GATS defines trade in services as the supply of a service through any of the four modes of supply: cross border, consumption abroad, commercial presence, and the presence of natural persons.
Release date: 2018-10-19 - Articles and reports: 13-604-M2018089Description:
The industrial capacity utilization rate (ICUR) is the ratio of an industry’s actual output to its estimated potential output—it represents the intensity with which industries use their production capacity. The rate provides insight into the overall slack in the economy or in a firm at a given point in time.
Release date: 2018-09-12 - 8. Recent Economic Developments in British Columbia ArchivedArticles and reports: 11-626-X2018081Geography: Geographical region of CanadaDescription:
This article in the Economic Insights series provides users with an integrated summary of recent changes in output, employment, earnings and housing market activity in British Columbia. Highlighting the contribution of real estate and residential construction to economic growth, the paper focuses on strength since 2014. Unless otherwise noted, the tabulations presented in this report are based on seasonally adjusted data available in CANSIM on May 2, 2018.
Release date: 2018-05-28 - Articles and reports: 11-626-X2018080Description:
This article in the Economic Insights series provides users with an integrated summary of recent changes in output, employment, household demand, international trade and prices. Organized as a statistical summary of major indicators, the report is designed to inform about recent developments in the Canadian economy, highlighting major changes in the economic data during the second half of 2017 and early 2018. Unless otherwise noted, the tabulations presented in this report are based on seasonally adjusted data available in CANSIM on April 6, 2018.
Release date: 2018-04-23 - Articles and reports: 11-633-X2018015Description:
This paper discusses the process for estimating the volume of cannabis consumption in Canada by age group from 1960 to 2015. Cannabis consumption is estimated using a model that first estimates the number of cannabis consumers among 15- to 17-year-olds, 18- to 24-year-olds, 25- to 44-year-olds and 45- to 64-year-olds. This is accomplished by estimating cannabis consumption prevalence based on multiple survey data sources. For each age group, consumers are divided into categories based on annual frequency of consumption: once in the past year, less than once a month, one to three times a month, weekly (excluding daily) and daily. Each category of frequency of consumption is then associated with a quantity of cannabis consumed.
Release date: 2018-02-21
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