Census of Population

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The census provides a detailed statistical portrait of Canada and its people by their demographic, social and economic characteristics. This information is important for communities and is vital for planning services such as child care, schooling, family services, and skills training for employment.

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All (4,143) (0 to 10 of 4,143 results)

  • 1. Number and Size of Communities in Rural and Small Town Canada: Interactive Dashboard
    Data Visualization: 71-607-X2024012
    Description: This dashboard features tables and a map designed for users to explore the number and the size of communities by different definitions of rural, including that of rural and small town (census subdivisions outside census metropolitan areas or census agglomerations) and that of rural areas (non-population centres) according to the Census of Population Program. This web-based application undergoes updates every five years with the census.
    Release date: 2024-05-30
  • 2. Regional Discussion Report: Review of First Nations, Métis and Inuit questions for the 2026 Census of Population
    Notices and consultations: 41-20-00012024001
    Description: From November 2022 to March 2023 Statistics Canada undertook a series of discussions to obtain feedback on the questions used to identify First Nations people, Métis and Inuit on the Census of Population and on other Statistics Canada surveys. This report summarizes the feedback received during these discussions.
    Release date: 2024-05-29
  • 3. South Asian immigration to Canada
    Stats in brief: 11-627-M2024028
    Description: Using Census data, this infographic provides data trends on the size of the South Asian population, as well admission categories, top source countries and an overview of the historical migration levels of selected South Asian populations.
    Release date: 2024-05-29
  • 4. Regional discussion report: Review of First Nations, Métis and Inuit questions on the census
    Notices and consultations: 41-20-0001
    Description: Engagement on the questions used to identify First Nations people, Métis and Inuit that are included on the Census of Population and on other Statistics Canada surveys is an important part of ensuring high quality and meaningful data are collected. The feedback received during these discussions are presented in these reports.
    Release date: 2024-05-29
  • 5. The role of the Canada Emergency Response Benefit in alleviating the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the employment income of racialized workers
    Articles and reports: 75-006-X202400100004
    Description: Using data from the 2021 Census, this study investigates the financial impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on racialized workers, focusing on the change in median employment income from 2019 to 2020, and the extent to which payments from the Canada Emergency Response Benefit offset income losses in 2020 among workers affected by the pandemic. Differences between racialized and non-racialized workers are investigated, along with differences among groups of racialized workers, as well as the intersectionality of race and gender.
    Release date: 2024-05-23
  • 6. Highlights on Indigenous new entrants to postsecondary education
    Data Visualization: 71-607-X2024017
    Description: This interactive tool details the characteristics of Indigenous postsecondary students in Canada entering selected programs leading to a postsecondary credential. This tool includes information on the number of new students by Indigenous identity, educational qualification, field of study, age group, and gender.
    Release date: 2024-05-15
  • 7. New entrants to postsecondary education by Indigenous identity, educational qualification, field of study (STEM and BHASE (non-STEM) groupings), gender and age
    Table: 37-10-0264-01
    Geography: Canada, Geographical region of Canada, Province or territory
    Frequency: Occasional
    Description: Number of new entrants to postsecondary education by Indigenous identity, select educational qualifications (Classification of programs and credentials - professional degree variant), field of study (Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016 - STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics and computer sciences) and BHASE (business, humanities, health, arts, social science and education) groupings), gender and age group.
    Release date: 2024-05-15
  • 8. Maps and key facts on schooling in English-language schools in Quebec, 2021
    Articles and reports: 89-657-X2024003
    Description: This series of regional maps shows the number of school-aged children eligible to primary and secondary instruction in English in Quebec by census subdivision, and the proportion of these children who attend or have attended an English-language school in Canada. All the information provided comes from the 2021 Census of Population and the 2022 Open Database of Educational Facilities.
    Release date: 2024-05-14
  • 9. Indigenous foster children living in private households: Rates and sociodemographic characteristics of foster children and their households
    Articles and reports: 41-20-00022024001
    Description: The current study uses the 2011 National Household Survey and the 2016 and 2021 Censuses to provide data on the number of Indigenous foster children in private households, foster child rates, and disparity between Indigenous and non-Indigenous foster care rates between 2011 and 2021. Subsequently, select sociodemographic characteristics of Indigenous children in foster care and household characteristics are explored using the 2021 Census.
    Release date: 2024-04-18
  • 10. Income Explorer, 2021 Census
    Data Visualization: 98-505-X2021002
    Description:

    This interactive chart is comprised of two visualizations to show statistics of selected income sources by various characteristics and geographies.

    Release date: 2024-04-17
Data (3,335)

Data (3,335) (50 to 60 of 3,335 results)

  • 51. Labour force status by age and gender: Census metropolitan areas, tracted census agglomerations and census tracts
    Table: 98-10-0486-01
    Geography: Census metropolitan area, Census agglomeration, Census tract
    Frequency: Occasional
    Universe: Population aged 15 years and over in private households, 2021 Census — 25% Sample data
    Variable list: Age (15A), Labour force status (8), Gender (3)
    Description: Data on labour force status by age and gender for the population aged 15 years and over, in private households in census metropolitan areas, tracted census agglomerations and census tracts.
    Release date: 2023-11-15
  • 52. Place of work status by language spoken most often at home: Canada, provinces and territories, census divisions and census subdivisions of work
    Table: 98-10-0499-01
    Geography: Canada, Province or territory, Census division, Census subdivision
    Frequency: Occasional
    Universe: Employed labour force aged 15 years and over having a usual place of work or working at home, in private households, 2021 Census — 25% Sample data
    Variable list: Language spoken most often at home (11), Place of work status (5B)
    Description: Data on place of work status by language spoken most often at home for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over, in private households in Canada, provinces and territories, census divisions, and census subdivisions of work.
    Release date: 2023-11-15
  • 53. Place of work status by language spoken most often at home: Census metropolitan areas, tracted census agglomerations and census tracts of work
    Table: 98-10-0500-01
    Geography: Census metropolitan area, Census agglomeration, Census tract
    Frequency: Occasional
    Universe: Employed labour force aged 15 years and over having a usual place of work or working at home, in private households, 2021 Census — 25% Sample data
    Variable list: Language spoken most often at home (11), Place of work status (5B)
    Description: Data on place of work status by language spoken most often at home for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over, in private households in census metropolitan areas, tracted census agglomerations and census tracts of work.
    Release date: 2023-11-15
  • 54. Commuting duration by main mode of commuting and time arriving at work: Canada, provinces and territories, census divisions and census subdivisions of work
    Table: 98-10-0503-01
    Geography: Canada, Province or territory, Census division, Census subdivision
    Frequency: Occasional
    Universe: Employed labour force aged 15 years and over having a usual place of work, in private households, 2021 Census — 25% Sample data
    Variable list: Main mode of commuting (21), Time arriving at work (16), Commuting duration (7)
    Description: Data on commuting duration by main mode of commuting and time arriving at work for the employed labour force 15 years and over having a usual place of work, in private households in Canada, provinces and territories, census divisions and census subdivisions of work.
    Release date: 2023-11-15
  • 55. Commuting duration by main mode of commuting and time arriving at work: Census metropolitan areas, tracted census agglomerations and census tracts of work
    Table: 98-10-0504-01
    Geography: Census metropolitan area, Census agglomeration, Census tract
    Frequency: Occasional
    Universe: Employed labour force aged 15 years and over having a usual place of work, in private households, 2021 Census — 25% Sample data
    Variable list: Main mode of commuting (21), Time arriving at work (16), Commuting duration (7)
    Description: Data on commuting duration by main mode of commuting and time arriving at work for the employed labour force 15 years and over having a usual place of work, in private households in census metropolitan areas, tracted census agglomerations and census tracts of work.
    Release date: 2023-11-15
  • 56. Place of work status by highest level of education and gender: Canada, provinces and territories, census divisions and census subdivisions of work
    Table: 98-10-0505-01
    Geography: Canada, Province or territory, Census division, Census subdivision
    Frequency: Occasional
    Universe: Employed labour force aged 15 years and over having a usual place of work or working at home, in private households, 2021 Census — 25% Sample data
    Variable list: Highest certificate, diploma or degree (16), Gender (3), Place of work status (3)
    Description: Data on place of work status by highest certificate, diploma or degree and gender for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over, in private households in Canada, provinces and territories, census divisions and census subdivisions of work.
    Release date: 2023-11-15
  • 57. Place of work status by highest level of education and gender: Census metropolitan areas, tracted census agglomerations and census tracts of work
    Table: 98-10-0506-01
    Geography: Census metropolitan area, Census agglomeration, Census tract
    Frequency: Occasional
    Universe: Employed labour force aged 15 years and over having a usual place of work or working at home, in private households, 2021 Census — 25% Sample data
    Variable list: Highest certificate, diploma or degree (16), Gender (3), Place of work status (3)
    Description: Data on place of work status by highest certificate, diploma or degree and gender for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over, in private households in census metropolitan areas, tracted census agglomerations and census tracts of work.
    Release date: 2023-11-15
  • 58. Labour force status by occupation (training, education, experience and responsibility category - TEER), mobility status 5 years ago, highest level of education, age and gender: Canada, provinces and territories and census divisions
    Table: 98-10-0590-01
    Geography: Canada, Province or territory, Census division
    Frequency: Occasional
    Universe: Population aged 15 years and over in private households, 2021 Census — 25% Sample data
    Variable list: Occupation - TEER category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 (9A), Mobility status 5 years ago (9), Highest certificate, diploma or degree (7), Age (15A), Gender (3), Statistics (3), Labour force status (8)
    Description: Data on labour force status including employment, unemployment and labour force participation rates by occupation TEER (Training, Education, Experience and Responsibility) category, mobility status 5 years ago, highest level of education, age and gender, for the population aged 15 years and over in private households in Canada, provinces and territories, and census divisions.
    Release date: 2023-11-15
  • 59. Class of worker including job permanency by occupation minor group, labour force status, age and gender: Canada, provinces and territories and census divisions
    Table: 98-10-0591-01
    Geography: Canada, Province or territory, Census division
    Frequency: Occasional
    Universe: Labour force aged 15 years and over in private households, 2021 Census — 25% Sample data
    Variable list: Occupation - Minor group - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 (309A), Labour force status (3), Age (5A), Gender (3), Statistics (3), Class of worker including job permanency (16A)
    Description: Data on class of worker including job permanency by occupation minor group (4-digit code) from the National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021, labour force status, age and gender, for the labour force aged 15 years and over in private households in Canada, provinces and territories and census divisions.
    Release date: 2023-11-15
  • 60. Class of worker by industry groups, labour force status, age and gender: Canada, provinces and territories and census divisions
    Table: 98-10-0592-01
    Geography: Canada, Province or territory, Census division
    Frequency: Occasional
    Universe: Labour force aged 15 years and over in private households, 2021 Census — 25% Sample data
    Variable list: Industry - Groups - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 (428A), Statistics (3), Labour force status (3), Age (15A), Gender (3), Class of worker (7A)
    Description: Data on class of worker by industry (4-digit code) from the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017, labour force status, age and gender, for the labour force aged 15 years and over, in private households in Canada, provinces and territories and census divisions.
    Release date: 2023-11-15
Analysis (594)

Analysis (594) (40 to 50 of 594 results)

  • 41. Socioeconomic portrait of Canada’s farm population, 2021
    Stats in brief: 11-627-M2023044
    Description: This infographic looks at the distribution of the Canadian farm population by province, area (rural vs urban), median household income and farm type. The main data source for this product is the 2021 Agriculture–Population Linkage (linkage between the Census of Agriculture and the Census of Population).
    Release date: 2023-08-25
  • 42. Changing demographics of racialized people in Canada
    Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202300800001
    Description: In the past few decades, the number of racialized people in Canada has increased at a much faster rate than the population as a whole. This article uses data from the 2001 and 2021 censuses of population to examine population growth and changing demographics of racialized people. The study presents new data for 11 subgroups of the racialized population, their generational composition and changes in their share of people with a mixed racialized–White identity.
    Release date: 2023-08-23
  • 43. Poverty among racialized groups across generations
    Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202300800002
    Description: This study uses data from Canada’s 2021 Census of Population to examine the differences between the poverty rates of racialized groups and the White population. The analysis examines whether these differences recede or persist across generations and the extent to which the sociodemographic composition of racialized groups explains these differences.
    Release date: 2023-08-23
  • 44. Education and earnings of Canadian-born Black populations
    Articles and reports: 75-006-X202300100009
    Description: Using data from the 2021 Census, this study examines educational attainment and earnings of the Canadian-born Black population, focusing on three groups: i) those with at least one African-born parent (African-origin); ii) those with at least one Caribbean-born parent (Caribbean-origin); and iii) those whose parents were both born in Canada (Canadian-origin).
    Release date: 2023-08-22
  • 45. Key facts on the French language in New Brunswick in 2021
    Articles and reports: 89-657-X2023015
    Description: This fact sheet offers an overview of the situation of the French language in New Brunswick in 2021, along with certain trends observed since 1991. It provides information on the changes in the number and proportion of people in the population who can conduct a conversation in French, whose first official language spoken is French, whose mother tongue is French, and who speak French at home or use French at work. In addition, it contains information on French-language instruction in elementary and secondary schools, on French spoken among recent and established immigrants, as well as on the mobility and place of birth of individuals whose first official language spoken is French. This fact sheet is based on data from the 1991 to 2021 censuses of population, together with the 2011 National Household Survey.
    Release date: 2023-08-22
  • 46. Key facts on the English language in Quebec in 2021
    Articles and reports: 89-657-X2023016
    Description: This fact sheet offers an overview of the situation of the English language in Quebec in 2021, along with certain trends observed since 1991. It provides information on the changes in the number and proportion of people in the population who can conduct a conversation in English, whose first official language spoken is English, whose mother tongue is English, and who speak English at home or use English at work. In addition, it contains information on English-language instruction in elementary and secondary schools, on English spoken among recent and established immigrants, as well as on the mobility and place of birth of individuals whose first official language spoken is English. This fact sheet is based on data from the 1991 to 2021 censuses of population, together with the 2011 National Household Survey.
    Release date: 2023-08-22
  • 47. Key facts on the French language in Ontario in 2021
    Articles and reports: 89-657-X2023017
    Description: This fact sheet offers an overview of the situation of the French language in Ontario in 2021, along with certain trends observed since 1991. It provides information on the changes in the number and proportion of people in the population who can conduct a conversation in French, whose first official language spoken is French, whose mother tongue is French, and who speak French at home or use French at work. In addition, it contains information on French-language instruction in elementary and secondary schools, on French spoken among recent and established immigrants, as well as on the mobility and place of birth of individuals whose first official language spoken is French. This fact sheet is based on data from the 1991 to 2021 censuses of population, together with the 2011 National Household Survey.
    Release date: 2023-08-22
  • 48. Canadian-born Black populations: Educational attainment and earnings
    Stats in brief: 11-627-M2023048
    Description: This infographic analyzes three different Canadian-born Black populations: those with at least one parent born in Africa, those with at least one parent born in the Caribbean, and those with both parents born in Canada. It looks at how educational attainment differs between the three different Canadian-born Black populations, and how education along with other factors contributes to earnings differences between the different Black populations and between Black and non-Indigenous non-racialized populations.
    Release date: 2023-08-22
  • 49. Study: Pathways from education to the labour market among Canadian youth
    Stats in brief: 11-001-X20232094447
    Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin
    Release date: 2023-07-28
  • 50. Market basket measure research paper: Child care expenses
    Articles and reports: 75F0002M2023002
    Description: This discussion paper begins by explaining what is commonly understood as child care and how child care expenses currently enter the market basket measure (MBM) methodology. It then describes an alternative approach to account for child care expenses by incorporating them as a separate component within the MBM based on the reference family. A discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of each approach is also provided. The public and stakeholders are invited to provide feedback and comments on the discussion points presented.
    Release date: 2023-07-27
Reference (207)

Reference (207) (0 to 10 of 207 results)

  • 1. Regional Discussion Report: Review of First Nations, Métis and Inuit questions for the 2026 Census of Population
    Notices and consultations: 41-20-00012024001
    Description: From November 2022 to March 2023 Statistics Canada undertook a series of discussions to obtain feedback on the questions used to identify First Nations people, Métis and Inuit on the Census of Population and on other Statistics Canada surveys. This report summarizes the feedback received during these discussions.
    Release date: 2024-05-29
  • 2. Regional discussion report: Review of First Nations, Métis and Inuit questions on the census
    Notices and consultations: 41-20-0001
    Description: Engagement on the questions used to identify First Nations people, Métis and Inuit that are included on the Census of Population and on other Statistics Canada surveys is an important part of ensuring high quality and meaningful data are collected. The feedback received during these discussions are presented in these reports.
    Release date: 2024-05-29
  • 3. 2026 Census of Population Content Consultation Results: What we heard from Canadians
    Notices and consultations: 92-137-X2024001
    Description: Data from the Census of Population are important for all communities and are vital to plan services that support education, employment, transportation, health care and housing. To maintain the relevance of the census, Statistics Canada evaluates and reviews the census questionnaire content for each census cycle. In preparation for the 2026 Census, Statistics Canada consulted Canadians from fall 2022 to spring 2023. Detailed responses were received from organizations and individuals representing federal, provincial, territorial and local government departments; First Nations people, Métis and Inuit; the general public; academia; special interest groups; and the private sector.

    This report focuses on the findings of the 2026 Census data needs consultation and stakeholder discussions. Chapter 1 explains whom we consulted. Chapter 2 describes the strength of census data users’ needs such as the size of the population of interest. Chapter 3 provides an assessment of the perceived data gaps in census content and the availability and suitability of alternative data sources. Chapter 4 focuses on information needs by census topic and how preparations for the 2024 Census Test will help meet these needs.
    Release date: 2024-04-17
  • 4. Census Program Content Consultation Report
    Notices and consultations: 92-137-X
    Description: User consultation is the first step in determining Census Program content. The findings of content consultations are presented in these reports.
    Release date: 2024-04-17
  • 5. Reference guide on the social inclusion indicators for ethnocultural groups in Canada, 2024
    Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 89-657-X2024002
    Description: This document presents a complete list of the social inclusion indicators for ethnocultural groups in Canada that are available on the homepage of our Gender, Diversity and Inclusion Statistics Hub. The information provided for each indicator includes a short description of the corresponding derivation, available data sources, reference years and accessible levels of geographical and disaggregation. Each indicator has a corresponding products number (data tables, visualization tools and analytical documents). This document has been updated to reflect the social inclusion indicators and associated products that are available in 2024.
    Release date: 2024-03-26
  • 6. Study on the Underclassification of Children Eligible for Instruction in the Minority Official Language in the 2021 Census
    Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 98-26-0008
    Description: This report presents the results of a study on the estimated number of children eligible for instruction in the minority official language, pursuant to section 23 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, who were classified as ineligible in the 2021 Census because relationships between family members living at different addresses could not be established within this data source. Using other data sources, including previous censuses and administrative data (such as vital statistics and tax data), we were able to establish these family relationships within the 2021 Census. This report presents the methods and data sources used first, then the results by selected regions and age groups.
    Release date: 2024-03-26
  • 7. Indigenous Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population
    Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 98-307-X
    Description:

    This report deals with Indigenous identity, Indigenous ancestry, Indigenous group, Registered or Treaty Indian status, Membership in a First Nation or Indian band, Membership in a Métis organization or Settlement, and Enrollment under an Inuit land claims agreement, and contains explanations of concepts, data quality, historical comparability and comparability with other sources, as well as information on data collection, processing and dissemination.

    Release date: 2024-03-20
  • 8. Sampling and Weighting Technical Report, Census of Population
    Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 98-306-X
    Description:

    This report describes sampling, weighting and estimation procedures used in the Census of Population. It provides operational and theoretical justifications for them, and presents the results of the evaluations of these procedures.

    Release date: 2023-10-04
  • 9. Census Subdivision Boundary File
    Geographic files and documentation: 92-162-X
    Description: The Census Subdivision Boundary File contains the boundaries of all census subdivisions which combined cover all of Canada. A census subdivision is a municipality or an area treated as an equivalent to a municipality for statistical purposes (for example, Indian reserves and unorganized territories). The file provides a framework for mapping and spatial analysis using commercially available geographic information systems (GIS) or other mapping software.

    The Census Subdivision Boundary File is portrayed in Lambert conformal conic projection and is based on the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD83). A reference guide is available (92-162-G).

    Release date: 2023-07-13
  • 10. Road Network File
    Geographic files and documentation: 92-500-X
    Geography: Canada
    Description: The Road Network File (RNF) is a digital representation of Canada's national road network, containing information such as street names, types, directions and address ranges. The information comes from the National Geographic Database (NGD).

    A reference guide is available (92-500-G).

    Release date: 2023-07-13
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Census Profile

This profile presents information from the 2011 Census of Population for various levels of geography, including provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas, communities, census tracts and health regions. The profile includes characteristics such as population, age, sex, dwellings, families, marital status and language.

Focus on Geography Series

Focusing on a selected geographic area, this product presents data highlights for each of the major releases of the 2011 Census. These data highlights are presented through text, tables and figures. The geographic levels presented in this product include Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations, and census subdivisions with a 2011 Census population greater than or equal to 5,000.

Census Dictionary

The Census Dictionary is a reference document which contains detailed definitions of Census of Population concepts, universes, variables, and geographic terms, as well as historical information.