Labour Force Survey
The Labour Force Survey provides estimates of employment and unemployment. With the release of the survey results only 10 days after the completion of data collection, the LFS estimates are the first of the major monthly economic data series to be released. LFS data are used to produce the well-known unemployment rate as well as other standard labour market indicators such as the employment rate and the participation rate.
Detailed documentation about: Labour Force Survey
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- Data Visualization: 14-20-00012018001Description: This interactive visualization application provides a comprehensive picture of the Canadian labour market using the most recent Labour Force Survey data available. The estimates are seasonally adjusted and available by province, gender, age group and industry. Historical estimates, going back 5 years, are also included for monthly employment changes and unemployment rates. The interactive application allows users to quickly and easily explore and personalize the information presented. Combine multiple provinces, genders and age groups to create your own labour market domains of interest.Release date: 2025-07-11
- Stats in brief: 11-001-X20251923587Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletinRelease date: 2025-07-11
- Data Visualization: 71-607-X2017001Description: This web application provides access to Statistics Canada’s Labour Market Indicators for Canada, by province and by census metropolitan area. This dynamic application allows users to view geographical rankings for each labour market indicator and to create quick and easy reports with interactive maps and charts that can be easily copied into other programs. All provincial and CMA estimates used in this application are seasonally adjusted, 3-month moving averages. Labour Force Survey data at the provincial level published each month in The Daily are seasonally adjusted monthly estimates.Release date: 2025-07-11
- Data Visualization: 71-607-X2017002Description: This web application provides access to Statistics Canada’s Labour Market Indicators for Canada, by province, territory and economic region (ER). This dynamic application allows users to view a snapshot of key labour market indicators, observe geographical rankings for each indicator using an interactive map and table, and easily copy data into other programs. The provincial and ER estimates used in this application from the Labour Force Survey (LFS) are three-month moving averages, unadjusted for seasonality. The provincial, territorial and ER estimates used in this application from the Job Vacancy and Wage Survey (JVWS) are quarterly data, unadjusted for seasonality. Historical estimates are available in this application, with data going back 10 years for the LFS and from the first quarter of 2016 for JVWS.Release date: 2025-07-11
- Data Visualization: 71-607-X2024025Description: This dashboard displays small area estimates of unemployment rate, employment rate and employment for census metropolitan areas, census agglomerations, and a complementary geography of small communities and rural areas called self-contained labour areas. The dashboard allows users to visually explore the estimates using an interactive map as well as time series charts and tables. Data are unadjusted for seasonality and updated monthly.Release date: 2025-07-11
- Data Visualization: 14-20-0001Description: The Canadian Labour Market Observatory consists of interactive data visualization applications showcasing the vast amount of publicly available labour market information. The fully interactive applications allow Canadians to quickly and easily personalize the information in a way that is relevant to them and their interests.Release date: 2025-07-11
- Public use microdata: 71M0001XDescription: This public use microdata file (PUMF) contains non-aggregated data for a wide variety of variables collected from the Labour Force Survey (LFS). The LFS collects monthly information on the labour market activities of Canada's working age population. This product is for users who prefer to do their own analysis by focusing on specific subgroups in the population or by cross-classifying variables that are not in our catalogued products.
Monthly files are available back to 2006 and can be directly downloaded. For reference periods prior to 2006, files are available by request through Statistics Canada's Electronic File Transfer (EFT) service and date back to 1976.
Release date: 2025-07-11 - 8. Labour force characteristics by gender and detailed age group, monthly, unadjusted for seasonalityTable: 14-10-0017-01Geography: Canada, Province or territoryFrequency: MonthlyDescription: Number of persons in the labour force (employment and unemployment) and not in the labour force, unemployment rate, participation rate, and employment rate, by gender and detailed age group.Release date: 2025-07-11
- Table: 14-10-0017-02Geography: Canada, Province or territoryFrequency: MonthlyDescription: Number of persons in the labour force (employment and unemployment) and not in the labour force, unemployment rate, participation rate, and employment rate, by gender and detailed age group. Data are presented for 24 months earlier, 12 months earlier and current month, as well as 24-month and year-over-year level change and percentage change.Release date: 2025-07-11
- Table: 14-10-0019-01Geography: Canada, Province or territoryFrequency: MonthlyDescription: Number of persons in the labour force (employment and unemployment) and not in the labour force, unemployment rate, participation rate, and employment rate, by educational attainment, gender and age group, monthly.Release date: 2025-07-11
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Data (380)
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- Data Visualization: 14-20-00012018001Description: This interactive visualization application provides a comprehensive picture of the Canadian labour market using the most recent Labour Force Survey data available. The estimates are seasonally adjusted and available by province, gender, age group and industry. Historical estimates, going back 5 years, are also included for monthly employment changes and unemployment rates. The interactive application allows users to quickly and easily explore and personalize the information presented. Combine multiple provinces, genders and age groups to create your own labour market domains of interest.Release date: 2025-07-11
- Data Visualization: 71-607-X2017001Description: This web application provides access to Statistics Canada’s Labour Market Indicators for Canada, by province and by census metropolitan area. This dynamic application allows users to view geographical rankings for each labour market indicator and to create quick and easy reports with interactive maps and charts that can be easily copied into other programs. All provincial and CMA estimates used in this application are seasonally adjusted, 3-month moving averages. Labour Force Survey data at the provincial level published each month in The Daily are seasonally adjusted monthly estimates.Release date: 2025-07-11
- Data Visualization: 71-607-X2017002Description: This web application provides access to Statistics Canada’s Labour Market Indicators for Canada, by province, territory and economic region (ER). This dynamic application allows users to view a snapshot of key labour market indicators, observe geographical rankings for each indicator using an interactive map and table, and easily copy data into other programs. The provincial and ER estimates used in this application from the Labour Force Survey (LFS) are three-month moving averages, unadjusted for seasonality. The provincial, territorial and ER estimates used in this application from the Job Vacancy and Wage Survey (JVWS) are quarterly data, unadjusted for seasonality. Historical estimates are available in this application, with data going back 10 years for the LFS and from the first quarter of 2016 for JVWS.Release date: 2025-07-11
- Data Visualization: 71-607-X2024025Description: This dashboard displays small area estimates of unemployment rate, employment rate and employment for census metropolitan areas, census agglomerations, and a complementary geography of small communities and rural areas called self-contained labour areas. The dashboard allows users to visually explore the estimates using an interactive map as well as time series charts and tables. Data are unadjusted for seasonality and updated monthly.Release date: 2025-07-11
- Data Visualization: 14-20-0001Description: The Canadian Labour Market Observatory consists of interactive data visualization applications showcasing the vast amount of publicly available labour market information. The fully interactive applications allow Canadians to quickly and easily personalize the information in a way that is relevant to them and their interests.Release date: 2025-07-11
- Public use microdata: 71M0001XDescription: This public use microdata file (PUMF) contains non-aggregated data for a wide variety of variables collected from the Labour Force Survey (LFS). The LFS collects monthly information on the labour market activities of Canada's working age population. This product is for users who prefer to do their own analysis by focusing on specific subgroups in the population or by cross-classifying variables that are not in our catalogued products.
Monthly files are available back to 2006 and can be directly downloaded. For reference periods prior to 2006, files are available by request through Statistics Canada's Electronic File Transfer (EFT) service and date back to 1976.
Release date: 2025-07-11 - 7. Labour force characteristics by gender and detailed age group, monthly, unadjusted for seasonalityTable: 14-10-0017-01Geography: Canada, Province or territoryFrequency: MonthlyDescription: Number of persons in the labour force (employment and unemployment) and not in the labour force, unemployment rate, participation rate, and employment rate, by gender and detailed age group.Release date: 2025-07-11
- Table: 14-10-0017-02Geography: Canada, Province or territoryFrequency: MonthlyDescription: Number of persons in the labour force (employment and unemployment) and not in the labour force, unemployment rate, participation rate, and employment rate, by gender and detailed age group. Data are presented for 24 months earlier, 12 months earlier and current month, as well as 24-month and year-over-year level change and percentage change.Release date: 2025-07-11
- Table: 14-10-0019-01Geography: Canada, Province or territoryFrequency: MonthlyDescription: Number of persons in the labour force (employment and unemployment) and not in the labour force, unemployment rate, participation rate, and employment rate, by educational attainment, gender and age group, monthly.Release date: 2025-07-11
- Table: 14-10-0021-01Geography: Canada, Province or territoryFrequency: MonthlyDescription: Unemployment rate, participation rate, and employment rate by type of student during school months, gender and age group, monthly.Release date: 2025-07-11
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Analysis (319)
Analysis (319) (0 to 10 of 319 results)
- Stats in brief: 11-001-X20251923587Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletinRelease date: 2025-07-11
- Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202500600003Description: Previous research indicates that immigrants who obtain citizenship in the receiving country gain various benefits, including enhanced legal status, expanded rights, increased political and civic engagement, and a stronger sense of collective identity and belonging. However, empirical studies remain inconclusive on whether acquiring citizenship improves immigrants' labour market outcomes. This paper asks two questions. First, is Canadian citizenship correlated with better economic outcomes among immigrants in Canada? Second, if so, does citizenship acquisition lead to an improvement in labour market outcomes?Release date: 2025-06-25
- Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202500500002Description: While it is challenging to estimate the number of job losses that may be associated with U.S. tariffs, it is possible to describe the quality of jobs at risk of being affected by a decline in U.S. demand for Canadian products. This article addresses this issue by examining a multitude of job quality measures in industries dependent on U.S. demand for Canadian exports.Release date: 2025-05-28
- Stats in brief: 11-001-X202513438104Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletinRelease date: 2025-05-14
- Articles and reports: 71-222-X2025001Description: This article examines recent trends in the labour market situation of persons with and without disabilities using annual data from the Labour Force Survey supplements program. The analysis focuses on demographic, employment, and labour force characteristics that intersect with disability status. The article aims to provide insights that can inform the public and policy makers on the labour market situation of persons with disabilities.Release date: 2025-05-14
- Journals and periodicals: 71-222-XDescription: Labour Statistics at a Glance features short analytical articles on specific topics of interest related to Canada's labour market. The studies examine recent or historical trends using data produced by the Centre for Labour Market Information, i.e., the Labour Force Survey, the Survey of Employment Payrolls and Hours, the Job Vacancy and Wage Survey, the Employment Insurance Coverage Survey and the Employment Insurance Statistics Program.Release date: 2025-05-14
- Articles and reports: 81-595-M2025001Description: This fact sheet examines changes in employment, unemployment and rates of youth not in employment, education or training (NEET) among persons aged 15 to 29, by condensed academic year (October to March) over the past years (2018/2019 to 2023/2024). To contextualize the changing NEET rate, this paper will first describe trends in youth labour market conditions. Results are subsequently presented by age group, sex at birth, racialized group, and immigrant status, highlighting the impacts of changing economic conditions on NEET rates across various demographic groups.Release date: 2025-05-01
- Articles and reports: 75-006-X202500100006Description: Using data from the Labour Force Survey, this study examines employment trends in health occupations between 1998 and 2024. Data from the 2021 Census of Population are used to better understand the extent to which younger workers could replace those approaching retirement age. The role of immigration in mitigating the impacts of an aging health workforce is also explored.Release date: 2025-04-10
- Stats in brief: 11-001-X202510038324Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletinRelease date: 2025-04-10
- Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202500200004Description: Technology is constantly evolving, and this can change the tasks that employees perform in the workplace. Recent and substantial developments in automation and artificial intelligence may accelerate these changes. This article looks at the changing nature of work from 1987 to 2024 within this context.Release date: 2025-02-26
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Reference (14)
Reference (14) (0 to 10 of 14 results)
- Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 71-543-GDescription: The Guide to the Labour Force Survey contains a dictionary of concepts and definitions and covers topics such as survey methodology, data collection, data processing and data quality. It also contains information on products and services, sub-provincial geography descriptions as well as the survey questionnaire.Release date: 2025-04-04
- Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 71F0031X2025001Description: This paper introduces and explains modifications made to the Labour Force Survey estimates in January 2025. Some of these modifications include the adjustment of all LFS estimates to reflect population counts based on the 2021 Census and updates to the 2021 Standard Geographical Classification (SGC).Release date: 2025-01-24
- Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 71F0031XDescription: This paper introduces and explains modifications made to the Labour Force Survey estimates.Release date: 2025-01-24
- Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 81-582-GDescription: This handbook complements the tables of the Pan-Canadian Education Indicators Program (PCEIP). It is a guide that provides general descriptions for each indicator and indicator component. PCEIP has five broad indicator sets: a portrait of the school-age population; financing education systems; elementary and secondary education; postsecondary education; and transitions and outcomes.
The Pan-Canadian Education Indicators Program (PCEIP) is a joint venture of Statistics Canada and the Council of Ministers of Education, Canada.
Release date: 2024-03-28 - Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 75-005-M2023001Description: This document provides information on the evolution of response rates for the Labour Force Survey (LFS) and a discussion of the evaluation of two aspects of data quality that ensure the LFS estimates continue providing an accurate portrait of the Canadian labour market.Release date: 2023-10-30
- Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 71F0031X2023001Description: This document introduces and describes updates to the Labour Force Survey estimates in January 2023. These updates include the transition to National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 as well as enhancements to the LFS data processing system.Release date: 2023-01-30
- Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 71F0031X2021001Description:
This paper introduces and explains modifications made to the Labour Force Survey estimates in January 2021. Some of these modifications include the adjustment of all LFS estimates to reflect population counts based on the 2016 Census and includes updates to 2016 Geography classification system.
Release date: 2021-01-25 - 8. Transition of Labour Force Survey Data Processing to the Social Survey Processing Environment (SSPE) ArchivedSurveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 75-005-M2019001Description:
The production of statistics from the Labour Force Survey (LFS) involves many activities, one of which is data processing. This step involves the verification and correction of survey data when required in order to produce microdata files. Beginning in January 2019, LFS processing will be transitioned to a new system, the Social Survey Processing Environment. This document describes the development and testing that preceded the implementation of the new system, and demonstrates that the transition is expected to have minimal impact on LFS estimates and be transparent to users of LFS data.
Release date: 2019-02-08 - Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 71-526-XDescription:
The Canadian Labour Force Survey (LFS) is the official source of monthly estimates of total employment and unemployment. Following the 2011 census, the LFS underwent a sample redesign to account for the evolution of the population and labour market characteristics, to adjust to changes in the information needs and to update the geographical information used to carry out the survey. The redesign program following the 2011 census culminated with the introduction of a new sample at the beginning of 2015. This report is a reference on the methodological aspects of the LFS, covering stratification, sampling, collection, processing, weighting, estimation, variance estimation and data quality.
Release date: 2017-12-21 - Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 75-005-M2016001Description:
In over 70 years, the methodology and questionnaire, as well as the collection and processing techniques of the Canadian Labour Force Survey have undergone major changes. This document summarizes these changes chronologically and provides references to more detailed information sources. Among the most significant changes were two questionnaire redesigns, which occurred approximately 20 years apart, in 1976 and 1997.
Release date: 2017-01-06
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