Employment and unemployment

Description: This infographic provides details about the number of graduates and median employment income two years after graduation for international postsecondary students, by educational qualification and field of study.

Description: Historical releases of employment and average weekly earnings (including overtime) for all employees by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), last 5 months.

Description: Historical releases of employment and average weekly earnings (including overtime) for all employees by province, territory and North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), last 5 months.

Description: This article examines trends in rates of employment and unemployment, as well as hourly wages and work hours, for the year 2023, and explores how disability intersects with age, sex, educational attainment, and racialized groups to influence labour market outcomes.

Description: Labour Statistics at a Glance features short analytical articles on specific topics of interest related to Canada's labour market. The studies examine recent or historical trends using data produced by the Centre for Labour Market Information, i.e., the Labour Force Survey, the Survey of Employment Payrolls and Hours, the Job Vacancy and Wage Survey, the Employment Insurance Coverage Survey and the Employment Insurance Statistics Program.

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This interactive visualization application provides a comprehensive picture of the Canadian labour market using the most recent Labour Force Survey data available. The estimates are seasonally adjusted and available by province, sex, age group and industry. Historical estimates, going back 5 years, are also included for monthly employment changes and unemployment rates. The interactive application allows users to quickly and easily explore and personalize the information presented. Combine multiple provinces, sexes and age groups to create your own labour market domains of interest.

Description: This web application provides access to Statistics Canada’s Labour Market Indicators for Canada, by province and by census metropolitan area. This dynamic application allows users to view geographical rankings for each labour market indicator and to create quick and easy reports with interactive maps and charts that can be easily copied into other programs. All provincial and CMA estimates used in this application are seasonally adjusted, 3-month moving averages. Labour Force Survey data at the provincial level published each month in The Daily are seasonally adjusted monthly estimates.

Description: This web application provides access to Statistics Canada’s Labour Market Indicators for Canada, by province, territory and economic region (ER). This dynamic application allows users to view a snapshot of key labour market indicators, observe geographical rankings for each indicator using an interactive map and table, and easily copy data into other programs. The provincial and ER estimates used in this application from the Labour Force Survey (LFS) are three-month moving averages, unadjusted for seasonality. The provincial, territorial and ER estimates used in this application from the Job Vacancy and Wage Survey (JVWS) are quarterly data, unadjusted for seasonality. Historical estimates are available in this application, with data going back 10 years for the LFS and from the first quarter of 2016 for JVWS.

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The Canadian Labour Market Observatory consists of interactive data visualization applications showcasing the vast amount of publicly available labour market information. The fully interactive applications allow Canadians to quickly and easily personalize the information in a way that is relevant to them and their interests.

Description: Number of persons in the labour force (employment and unemployment) and not in the labour force, unemployment rate, participation rate, and employment rate, by educational degree, sex and age group, last 5 months.

Description: Number of employees by National Occupational Classification (NOC). Data are presented for 12 months earlier, previous month and current month, as well as year-over-year and month-to-month level change and percentage change. Data are also available for the standard error of the estimate, the standard error of the month-to-month change and the standard error of the year-over-year change.

Description: Average usual hours and wages of employees (full- and part-time) by age group, sex, union coverage, job permanency, and National Occupational Classification (NOC), last 5 months.

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Number of unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, sex and age group, last 5 months.

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Regional unemployment rates used by the Employment Insurance program, by effective date, current month.

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Number of employees by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) and data type (seasonally adjusted, trend-cycle and unadjusted), last 5 months. Data are also available for the standard error of the estimate, the standard error of the month-to-month change and the standard error of the year-over-year change.

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Number of employees by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). Data are presented for 12 months earlier, previous month and current month, as well as year-over-year and month-to-month level change and percentage change. Data are also available for the standard error of the estimate, the standard error of the month-to-month change and the standard error of the year-over-year change.

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Labour force characteristic estimates by visible minority group, age group, and sex.

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Labour force characteristic estimates by visible minority group, region, age group, and sex.

Description: Number of employees and unemployment rate by population centre and rural area, sex and age group, last 5 months.

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Number of employees by class of worker, North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), and population centre and rural area, last 5 months.

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Despite comparatively modest welfare reforms in Canada relative to those of the United States, employment rates and earnings among single mothers have risen by virtually identical magnitudes in the two countries since 1980. We show that most of the gains in Canada and a substantial share of the change in the United States were the result of the dynamics of cohort replacement and population aging as the large and better educated baby boom generation replaced earlier cohorts and began entering their forties. In both countries, demographic effects were the main factor accounting for higher employment and earnings among older (40 and over) single mothers. Changes among younger single mothers, in contrast, were mainly the result of changes in labour market behaviour and other unmeasured variables. Overall, demographic changes dominated in Canada but not in the United States for two reasons: (a) Canadian single mothers are significantly older than their U.S. counterparts; and, (b) consistent with the welfare reform thesis, the magnitude of behavioural change among younger single mothers was much larger in the United States.

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The accurate measurement of job search and unemployment has been a recurring problem in retrospective surveys. However, strategies to improve recall in such surveys have not been especially successful. Proposed solutions have included a) reducing the recall period and b) questioning whether the standard operationalization of labour force concepts is appropriate in a retrospective setting.

One difficulty in arriving at an appropriate line of questioning is that there does not exist a reliable benchmark source indicating what sort of search patterns one should be observing over the year. Current notions of labour force dynamics have been heavily influenced by linked-record gross change data, which for various reasons cannot be considered a reliable source. These data show numerous changes in status from month-to-month and generally paint a picture of labour force participation that suggests little behavioural consistency.

This study examines data from the Annual Work Patterns Survey (AWPS) and Labour Market Activity Survey (LMAS). It shows that the underreporting of job search in the AWPS (and to a lesser extent in the LMAS) is closely connected to the failure of respondents, in a significant number of cases, to report any job search prior to the start of a job, a problem for which there is a simple questionnaire solution.

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The objective of this paper is to document the characteristics of the rural and urban working poor specifically, those individuals living in a low-income economic family unit in 2003, who were not full-time students and who worked for pay for at least one hour in 2003. We then present some of the factors associated with their situation.

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This study examines the geographic evolution of employment in the Canada's federal core public administration from 1995 to 2006. Evolution of the number of employees in knowledge-based and less knowledge-based occupations and by gender is examined by province, territory and for the National Capital Region. For purpose of comparison, the trends in the general federal government are discussed.

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This article uses the first three cycles of the Youth in Transition Survey (YITS) to ask the question: are there any differences in early labour market outcomes following postsecondary graduation for young adults who took a break of more than four months between finishing high school and starting postsecondary studies compared to those who went straight on to postsecondary education? Results suggest that taking time off between high school graduation and postsecondary studies affects university and college educated young adults differently. Moreover, what matters most is not whether youth had delayed starting a postsecondary program following high school graduation, but rather whether they went to a postsecondary program and saw it through to completion. Meanwhile, pertinent background factors include grade-point average, parental education and sex.

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In recent years, the media have highlighted the particular difficulty of foreign-trained physicians who are unable to practice medicine in Canada. Foreign-trained engineers are another professional group encountering similar difficulties in practicing their profession. Using data from the 2001 Census of Population, this article documents the extent to which foreign trained physicians and engineers are not employed in the occupations for which they studied.

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This article presents some of what we currently know to begin to address some of the crucial questions facing Canadians today: Does Canada have enough interested individuals with the right skills who want to work in the health sector? Does it have the infrastructure, capacity, and effective education system to ensure an adequate supply of health workers to meet future health care demands?

Using current major Statistics Canada data sources related to the education of Canadians, this article reveals some important information about what happens before, during and after health education. It focuses on the interest of youth in health occupations, the characteristics of students and faculty in university health programs, the labour market experiences of recent graduates from these programs, and the ongoing participation of health workers in formal and informal training.

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This study profiles scientists and engineers with doctorates at the beginning of the millennium. Using data from the 2001 Census, it analyzes the geographical distribution of this important Canadian workforce, together with the industrial sector where they work and their earnings.

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'Do I have enough money to retire?' is a question that older workers have been trained to ask themselves as they consider the transition out of the workplace. The financial tally includes employer pension plans, registered savings plans and other investments, as well as entitlement to public benefits' the Canada and Quebec Pension Plan (C/QPP) and Old Age Security/Guaranteed Income Supplement. These resources are balanced against projected spending and other considerations, such as health, family demands and leisure activities. Take-up rates of C/QPP benefits, co-receipt of C/QPP and other benefits, and employment following benefit take-up are examined for taxfilers in their 60s.

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This paper will present the labour market outcomes based on data collected by the Labour Force Survey in 2006 for core working-age immigrants (those aged 25 to 54), since they are more likely to have completed school and less likely to have entered retirement than those in the 15 and over group. A brief demographic profile of all immigrants will be presented followed by analysis of the labour market outcomes of core working-age immigrants nationally, by province, selected census metropolitan areas (CMA) and by sex. The labour market outcomes for immigrant youths and immigrants aged 55 and over will follow, in addition to a discussion of education-based outcomes for the core-aged immigrants, the industries in which these immigrants work, as well as their occupations.

Description: The primary objective of the survey is to obtain the views of all Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) employees about their workplace. The information will allow managers and employees to initiate concrete actions in the agency, and compare their results with the rest of the Public Service.

Description: The primary objective of the survey is to obtain the views of all Canada Revenue Agency (CRA) employees about their workplace. The information will allow managers and employees to initiate concrete actions in the agency, and compare their results with the rest of the Public Service.

Description: The survey is sponsored by the Office of the Official Language Commissioner (OCOL). As part of its mandate, the OCOL reviews the use of both official languages in federal institutions. The evaluation is done for employees in a minority situation (i.e., English in Quebec and French in New Brunswick and in bilingual areas of Ontario).

Description: The primary objective of the survey is to obtain the views of all Indian Claims Commission (ICC) employees about their workplace.

Description: The Public Service Commission has redesigned the Survey of Staffing (SOS) in light of changes brought about by the implementation of the New Direction in Staffing. The Staffing and Non-Partisanship Survey (SNPS) will be conducted every two years and targets all departments and agencies under the Public Service Employment Act (PSEA) - including those with less than 350 employees. The SNPS gathers information from a broader range of audiences - employees, hiring managers and staffing advisors - on key aspects of the staffing system (e.g., merit). As in previous years, the survey also gathers critical information on employees' understanding of their rights and responsibilities regarding political activities and non-partisanship.

Description: The primary objective of the survey is to obtain the views of all Parks Canada employees about their workplace.

Description: Statistics Canada is conducting the Public Service Financial Community Survey on behalf of the Office of the Comptroller General to collect relevant and timely information about the financial community on which to base decisions.

Description: The purpose of this survey is to identify emerging trends in the Canadian labour market.

Description: The purpose of this survey is to identify changing dynamics within the Canadian labour market and measure important socio-economic indicators.

Description: This is non-Statistics Canada information.