Economic accounts

Description: The papers published in the Analysis in Brief analytical series shed light on current economic issues. Aimed at a general audience, they cover a wide range of topics including National Accounts, business enterprises, trade, transportation, agriculture, the environment, manufacturing, science and technology, services, etc.

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Monthly credit aggregates for the household sector, by category.

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Monthly credit aggregates for the private non-financial corporations sector, by category.

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Monthly credit aggregates for the assets of the financial corporation sector, by category.

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Selected credit estimates including loans and debt securities and other financial instruments by creditor (lender) and debtor (borrower) sectors, seasonally adjusted and non-seasonally adjusted.

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Transactions in securities of private non-financial corporations, including net transactions, gross issuances and gross redemptions for debt and equity securities.

Description: The symmetric industry by industry input-output tables show inter-industry transactions, that is, all purchases of an industry from all other industries as well as expenditures on imports and the components of value added such as wages and gross operating surplus. Similarly, the symmetric final demand tables show all purchases by each final demand category from all industries as well as expenditures on imports. The symmetric input-output tables are analytically derived from the industry by product supply and use tables. The tables are available at the Detail level and at the Link 1997, Link 1961 and Summary aggregations.

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The symmetric industry by industry input-output tables show inter-industry transactions, that is, all purchases of an industry from all other industries as well as expenditures on imports and the components of value added such as wages and gross operating surplus. Similarly, the symmetric final demand tables show all purchases by each final demand category from all industries as well as expenditures on imports. The symmetric input-output tables are analytically derived from the industry by product supply and use tables.

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The symmetric industry by industry input-output tables show inter-industry transactions, that is, all purchases of an industry from all other industries as well as expenditures on imports and the components of value added such as wages and gross operating surplus. Similarly, the symmetric final demand tables show all purchases by each final demand category from all industries as well as expenditures on imports. The symmetric input-output tables are analytically derived from the industry by product supply and use tables.

Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin

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Monthly data on international investment position, foreign portfolio investment in Canadian equity and investment fund shares by type of instrument, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), at market value.

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Information on new issuances of securities by type of use of proceeds and by industry. The use of proceeds includes for merger and acquisition, exploration, for research and development, for working capital, for debt repayment and refinancing, and for general corporate purposes.

Description: The infrastructure economic accounts represents a set of statistical statements that record the economic, social and environmental impacts related to the production and use of infrastructure in Canada and each province and territory. The infrastructure economic accounts are organized using a statistical framework that outlines the concepts, classification systems and methods required to construct the accounts. This statistical framework is consistent with the Canadian system of national accounts, Canadian government finance statistics and Canada's balance of payments. This consistency permits users to analyze the infrastructure related statistical statements in the context of economy wide measures such as investment, gross domestic product (GDP), national income and wealth.

Description: Infrastructure is the physical structures and systems that support the production of goods and services and their delivery to and consumption by governments, businesses and citizens. The industry undertaking that infrastructure investment is also presented. Accumulating investment flows over time produces an estimate of the stock of infrastructure assets. The perpetual inventory method is used as it estimates a value of the net stock of fixed assets in existence and in the hands of producers which is generally based on estimating how many of the fixed assets installed, as a result of investment undertaken in previous years, have survived to the current period. The depreciation of that stock is calculated using the geometric method with asset specific depreciation profiles.

Description: The economic contribution as a result of the production of infrastructure assets due to investment is presented for valued added (GDP), compensation of employees and number of jobs. Value-added is a key measure of economic performance. It represents the output of an industry minus the value of intermediate inputs that were used up in the production of the goods and services. Within the Infrastructure Economic Accounts, this is the value added due to an industry's production of infrastructure assets. The number of jobs represents the number of jobs held by the self-employed, employees and unpaid family workers. The compensation of employees represents the wages and salaries, and supplementary labour income due to labour inputs for the production of infrastructure assets.

Description: The average age of investment is the weighted age of all investments remaining in the gross stock at year end. The remaining useful life, which is the difference between the average age of the investment spending and their expected service life, is then divided by the expected service life, creating a ratio that indicates the percentage of the asset class that remains.

Description: Expansion of the Infrastructure Economic Accounts focusing on the environmental aspect to aid in understanding the relationship between investment in infrastructure and the environment. Main indicators include greenhouse gas emissions as a result of production of infrastructure assets, greenhouse gas emissions per value-added, and clean input proportion.

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Debt service ratios, interest and obligated principal payments on debt, and related statistics for households, Canada.

Description: Quarterly national balance sheet, financial flows, and other changes in assets accounts data presented in a from-whom-to whom basis for selected financial instruments.

Description: The Canadian Economic Tracker presents selected monthly indicators from Statistics Canada's Common Output Database Repository (CODR) to highlight interrelated dynamics within the Canadian economy.

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Following normal practice, the annual revision of the National Economic and Financial Accounts has been carried out and the revised estimates have been released along with those for the first quarter of 1995. This annual revision of the different parts of the System of National Accounts is an integrated process, with revised estimates of the Income and Expenditure Accounts, Financial Flow Accounts and the Balance of International Payments being released simultaneously. Corresponding revisions to the monthly estimates of gross domestic product (GDP), by industry and to the Input-Output Accounts at current and constant prices will be completed in August.

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When productivity increases in a sector, does it mean employment growth? This article explores the question and introduces a new concept: multifactor productivity.

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There has been growing interest in recent years about the scope of tourism in Canada. In response to this demand for information, Statistics Canada has developed a Tourism Satellite Account (TSA) which provides some answers to questions such as: Which industries constitute 'the tourism industry'? What are the industry's gross domestic product (GDP) and employment rates? And what is the extent of tourism-related expenditures?

This article reports on the research that Statistics Canada has undertaken as part of an ongoing examination of the tourism industry.

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This (1994) paper considers four alternative definitions of the underground economy and examines the available evidence about its size. Statistics Canada believes the underground economy is far smaller than the money demand studies have suggested.

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Revised estimates of the Income and Expenditure Accounts (IEA) covering 1990 to 1993 have been released along with the estimates for the first quarter of 1994. These revised estimates reflect the most current source data and seasonal patterns. The annual revision of the different parts of the System of National Accounts is an integrated process. Revised estimates of two other parts of the system, the Balance of International Payments and Financial Flow Accounts, have been released simultaneously. Corresponding revisions to the monthly estimates of the gross domestic product (GDP), by industry and to the Input-Output Accounts at current and constant prices will be available at the end of August.

The first section of this paper reviews the current revisions to the GDP and the main aggregates. The second section analyses the revision patterns of selected income and expenditure aggregates of the GDP over the period 1980 to 1993. For further information on sources, methods and definitions employed in the IE A, refer to the Guide to the Income and Expenditure Accounts, Catalogue no. 13-603E, no. 1.

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This article presents the first results from a study of the value of household work (VHW) in Canada for 1992. The study, the fourth of its kind, is part of continuing efforts to extend measures of production both within and outside Statistics Canada's System of National Accounts. A more in-depth report on the study is currently being prepared.

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Revised estimates of the Income and Expenditure Accounts covering 1989 to 1992 have been released along with the estimates for the first quarter of 1993. These revised estimates reflect the most current source data and seasonal patterns. The annual revision of the different parts of the System of the National Accounts is an integrated process. As such, revised estimates of two other parts of the system -- the Balance of International Payments and Financial Flow Accounts -- have been released simultaneously. Corresponding revisions to the monthly estimates of Gross Domestic Product by Industry and to the Input-Output Accounts at current and constant prices are also available.

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This article introduces two new tables showing volume indexes of real gross domestic product (GDP) per capita and its components for Canada compared with the United States and the associated purchasing power parities (PPPs). These international comparisons of real expenditures based on PPPs are considered to be a major addition to the tools available for macroeconomic analysis. For example, the recent publication by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) of a set of estimates of different countries' output using PPPs has changed the view of the share of world output that comes from the industrialized countries compared with the developing economies.

An analysis based on PPPs, rather than a more conventional one based on exchange rates, has significantly changed the relative measures of output of countries. Comparisons based on exchange rates are unlikely to fully take into account the differences in price levels between countries (i.e., the goods and services that can be purchased in one country's currency compared with another's). Moreover, services are not generally traded in the way that goods are, so their prices in different countries tend not to be related in a way that parallels the currency exchange rate. If aggregate output is to be properly compared across countries, PPPs become more and more important as the size of the service sector grows.

Economic theory would suggest that for internationally traded domestically produced goods and services, PPPs and exchange rates will tend to equalize in the long run. Exchange rates, however, can fluctuate widely in short periods and are affected by expectations and factors such as deficits, wars, fuel shortages and interest rates. With the calculation of PPPs, actual price level differences can be identified. Such measures are also much more stable over time.

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The interview discusses Canada's transition from an industrial to an information economy.

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Has recovery begun? An up-to-date look at labour market developments in the first six months of 1991.

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This paper examines the revision cycle for labour productivity estimates over the period 2001 to 2004.

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This paper provides a concise overview in plain language of the concept of productivity by explaining its relevance and usefulness. This paper is intended for users of the Canadian Productivity Accounts who wish to learn more about productivity concepts, in simple terms.

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Part of Statistics Canada's Econnections: linking the environment and the economy statistical series, this publication describes in detail the conceptual frameworks, data sources and empirical methods used to compile the Canadian System of Environmental and Resource Accounts (CSERA). Designed to be compatible with the accounting frameworks of the System of National Accounts, the CSERA allows users to easily analyze the linkages between economic activity and the environment in terms of material and energy flows, environmental expenditures and natural resource stocks. This publication will be of interest to researchers in both the economic and environmental fields who want to familiarize themselves with the accounting concepts of the CSERA. It is a companion volume to Environment-economy indicators and detailed statistics (catalogue no. 16-200-XKE), another product in the Econnections series.

Statistics Canada has updated its 1997 documentation on environmental accounts, Econnections: Concepts, Sources and Methods of the Canadian System of Environmental and Resource Accounts, with publication of the Methodological Guide: Canadian System of Environmental-Economic Accounting.

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The National Accounts Advisory Committee reviews and gives advice on the concepts, methods, plans, standards as well as results associated with Statistics Canada's System of National Accounts.

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In recent years there has been considerable international interest in key indicators. This paper surveys recent Canadian attempts to develop key indicators of economic, social, environmental or physical well-being. It classifies and discusses over forty such projects and publications in detail; briefly lists a further twenty projects; and provides references to a number of up-to-date surveys and annotated bibliographies which contain additional examples of indicator development in Canada. The paper provides information on a number of research centres working on indicator development and discusses international indicators which are relevant to the Canadian scene, either because they represent 'rototypes' of some particular kind of measure, or else might be regarded as constituting 'best practice' in an area. The paper also examines the motivations behind indicator development and seeks to address the question of whether efforts to extend measurement outside the economic field constitute attempts to "measure the unmeasurable".

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The aim of this paper is to describe the actual methodology used to estimate annual hours worked by industry and province in Canada in view to be consistent with the System of National Accounts.

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A statistical agency faces several challenges in building Productivity Accounts. Measures of productivity require that outputs be compared to inputs.

This paper discusses the challenges that a statistical agency faces in this area -as illustrated by the Canadian experience. First, it examines the progress that has been made in developing a system that integrates the Productivity Accounts into the overall System of National Accounts. It also discusses deficiencies that still need to be overcome. Finally, the paper focuses on the need to consider whether the SNA manual should be extended into the area of productivity measurement. The paper argues that the advantage of integrating productivity accounts into the general accounts is sufficiently great that it is time to include more detail on the nature of productivity accounts in the general SNA framework.

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The National Accounts Advisory Committee reviews and gives advice on the concepts, methods, plans, standards as well as results associated with Statistics Canada's System of National Accounts.

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This paper examines the revision cycle for labour productivity estimates over the period 2000-2003.

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This document describes the sources, concepts and methods utilized by the Canadian Productivity Accounts and discusses how they compare with their U.S. counterparts.