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31. ISQ's approach for statistical control of disclosure of tables prepared from demographic events Archived
Articles and reports: 11-522-X20050019485
Description:
The ISQ is bound under its incorporating legislation to guarantee the confidentiality of the information it collects. To this end, it has established a policy on the confidentiality of tables for dissemination. One of the components of this policy deals with the confidentiality of tables prepared from demographic events.After a brief review of the various aspects of the dissemination of tables, the methodology developed for statistical control of the disclosure of tables prepared from demographic events will be presented. The informatics approach to automate this process will be presented using data from the Registre des évènements démographiques du Québec as background.
Release date: 2007-03-02
32. The experience of sensitive surveys in France Archived
Articles and reports: 11-522-X20040018736
Description:
Sensitive surveys require considerable know-how both in sampling design and in data collection. Examples of surveys show how survey technique is inseparable from treatment of sensitive questions.
Release date: 2005-10-27
33. Center sampling: A strategy for surveying difficult-to-sample populations Archived
Articles and reports: 11-522-X20040018740
Description:
The illegal immigration is difficult to sample in Italy since exhaustive sampling frames are generally unavailable. Sampling of centers is a strategy recently developed for surveying immigrant population.
Release date: 2005-10-27
34. Simultaneous use of multiple imputation for missing data and disclosure limitation Archived
Articles and reports: 12-001-X20040027755
Description:
Several statistical agencies use, or are considering the use of, multiple imputation to limit the risk of disclosing respondents' identities or sensitive attributes in public use data files. For example, agencies can release partially synthetic datasets, comprising the units originally surveyed with some collected values, such as sensitive values at high risk of disclosure or values of key identifiers, replaced with multiple imputations. This article presents an approach for generating multiply-imputed, partially synthetic datasets that simultaneously handles disclosure limitation and missing data. The basic idea is to fill in the missing data first to generate m completed datasets, then replace sensitive or identifying values in each completed dataset with r imputed values. This article also develops methods for obtaining valid inferences from such multiply-imputed datasets. New rules for combining the multiple point and variance estimates are needed because the double duty of multiple imputation introduces two sources of variability into point estimates, which existing methods for obtaining inferences from multiply-imputed datasets do not measure accurately. A reference t-distribution appropriate for inferences when m and r are moderate is derived using moment matching and Taylor series approximations.
Release date: 2005-02-03
35. 2006 Census of Canada: Strategic direction and issues Archived
Articles and reports: 11-522-X20030017607
Description:
This paper outlines the changes in collection and processing methodology planned for the 2006 Census in Canada, and focusses on three primary areas: content changes, Internet data collection and outsourcing.
Release date: 2005-01-26
36. Statistical disclosure control for tables: Determining which method to use Archived
Articles and reports: 11-522-X20030017690
Description:
This paper analyses several important statistical disclosure control (SDC) methods for tables with respect to confidentiality rules, development time and runtime of the software used, and the way tables are used.
Release date: 2005-01-26
37. Applications of statistical disclosure control methods Archived
Articles and reports: 11-522-X20030017691
Description:
This paper explains how results of European research projects on statistical disclosure control (SDC) can be used in the production of official statistics. It describes two related software packages for producing safe data: tau-ARGUS for tabular data, and mu-ARGUS for microdata.
Release date: 2005-01-26
38. Regression servers for confidential data Archived
Articles and reports: 11-522-X20030017692
Description:
This paper discusses regression servers, which are data dissemination systems that return some of the output generated by regression analyses in response to user queries. It details work on the special case where the data contain a sensitive variable whose regressions must be protected.
Release date: 2005-01-26
39. Analysis of complex survey data using inverse sampling Archived
Articles and reports: 11-522-X20020016748
Description:
Practitioners often use data collected from complex surveys (such as labour force and health surveys involving stratified cluster sampling) to fit logistic regression and other models of interest. A great deal of effort over the last two decades has been spent on developing methods to analyse survey data that take account of design features. This paper looks at an alternative method known as inverse sampling.
Specialized programs, such as SUDAAN and WESVAR, are also available to implement some of the methods developed to take into account the design features. However, these methods require additional information such as survey weights, design effects or cluster identification of microdata and thus, another method is necessary.
Inverse sampling (Hinkins et al., Survey Methodology, 1977) provides an alternative approach by undoing the complex data structures so that standard methods can be applied. Repeated subsamples with simple random structure are drawn and each subsample is analysed by standard methods and is combined to increase the efficiency. Although computer-intensive, this method has the potential to preserve confidentiality of microdata files. A drawback of the method is that it can lead to biased estimates of regression parameters when the subsample sizes are small (as in the case of stratified cluster sampling).
In this paper, we propose using the estimating equation approach that combines the subsamples before estimation and thus leads to nearly unbiased estimates of regression parameters regardless of subsample sizes. This method is computationally less intensive than the original method. We apply the method to cluster-correlated data generated from a nested error linear regression model to illustrate its advantages. A real dataset from a Statistics Canada survey will also be analysed using the estimating equation method.
Release date: 2004-09-13
40. Youth Smoking Survey Archived
Public use microdata: 82M0011X
Description:
The main objective of the 2002 Youth Smoking Survey (YSS) is to provide current information on the smoking behaviour of students in grades 5 to 9 (in Quebec primary school grades 5 and 6 and secondary school grades 1 to 3), and to measure changes that occurred since the last time the survey was conducted in 1994. Additionally, the 2002 survey collected basic data on alcohol and drug use by students in grades 7 to 9 (in Quebec secondary 1 to 3). Results of the Youth Smoking Survey will help with the evaluation of anti-smoking and anti-drug use programs, as well as with the development of new programs.
Release date: 2004-07-14

Data (9)

Data (9) ((9 results))

1. Canada Survey of Giving, Volunteering and Participating: Public Use Microdata File
Public use microdata: 89M0017X
Description: The public use microdata file from the 2010 Canada Survey of Giving, Volunteering and Participating is now available. This file contains information collected from nearly 15,000 respondents aged 15 and over residing in private households in the provinces.The public use microdata file provides provincial-level information about the ways in which Canadians donate money and in-kind gifts to charitable and nonprofit organizations; volunteer their time to these organizations; provide help directly to others. Socio-demographic, income and labour force data are also included on the file.
Release date: 2024-07-24
2. Canadian Internet Use Survey - Public Use Microdata File
Public use microdata: 56M0003X
Description: The public use microdata file (PUMF) from the Canadian Internet Use Survey (CIUS) provides data on the adoption and use of digital technologies and the online behaviors of individuals 15 years of age and older living in the ten provinces of Canada.

The files include information on how individuals use and access the Internet, including their intensity of use, demand for certain online activities, and interactions through these technologies. Information is also collected on the use of online government services, digital skills, online work, and security, privacy and trust as it relates to the Internet. Content between iterations may vary.
Release date: 2024-04-16
3. Youth Smoking Survey Archived
Public use microdata: 82M0011X
Description:
The main objective of the 2002 Youth Smoking Survey (YSS) is to provide current information on the smoking behaviour of students in grades 5 to 9 (in Quebec primary school grades 5 and 6 and secondary school grades 1 to 3), and to measure changes that occurred since the last time the survey was conducted in 1994. Additionally, the 2002 survey collected basic data on alcohol and drug use by students in grades 7 to 9 (in Quebec secondary 1 to 3). Results of the Youth Smoking Survey will help with the evaluation of anti-smoking and anti-drug use programs, as well as with the development of new programs.
Release date: 2004-07-14
4. Adult Education and Training Survey, Documentation and Data Files Archived
Public use microdata: 81M0013X
Description:
The Adult Education and Training Survey (AETS) is Canada's most comprehensive source of data on individual participation in formal adult education and training. It is the only Canadian survey to collect detailed information about the skill development efforts of the entire adult Canadian population. The AETS provides information about the main subject of training activities, their provider, duration and the sources and types of support for training. Furthermore, the AETS allows for the examination of the socio-economic and demographic profiles of both training participants and non-participants. This survey also identifies barriers faced by individuals who wish to take some form of training but cannot. The AETS was administered three times during the 1990s, in 1992, 1994 and 1998, as a supplement to the Labour Force Survey (LFS).
The content of the AETS was revised to take into account recommendations coming from consultation exercises. As a result, more than half of the 2003 survey is made up of new questions and the target population has been modified.
The main objectives are:1) To measure the incidence and intensity of adults' participation in job-related formal training.2) To profile employer support to job-related formal training.3) To analyze the aspects of job-related training activities such as: training provider, expenses, financial support, motivations, outcomes and difficulties experienced while training.4) To identify the barriers preventing individuals from participating in the job-related formal training they want or need to take.5) To identify reasons explaining adults' lack of participation and of interest in job-related formal training.6) To relate adults' current participation patterns to their past involvement in and plans about future participation in job-related training.7) To measure the incidence and frequency of adults' participation in job-related informal training.8) To examine the interactions between participation in formal and informal job-related training.
The population covered by the AETS consists of Canadians 25 years of age and older. This is a change from the population previously targeted by the AETS, which consisted of Canadians aged 17 years of age and older. A primary consideration for this change was the practical difficulties in applying the definition of adult education to individuals in the 17 to 24 years of age group. By definition, adult education excludes students who are still involved in their first or initial stage of schooling. As previous AETS did not precisely identify students still in their initial stage of schooling, analyses using these data had to rely on an ad hoc definition of adult learners. According to this definition, individuals aged 17 to 24 who were not in one of the following situations were excluded from the analysis: full-time students subsidized by an employer and full-time students over 19 enrolled in elementary or secondary programs.
Release date: 2004-05-27
5. National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth, Documentation and Data Files Archived
Public use microdata: 89M0015X
Description:
The National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth (NLSCY), developed jointly by Human Resources Development Canada and Statistics Canada, is a comprehensive survey which follows the development of children in Canada and paints a picture of their lives. The survey monitors children's development and measures the incidence of various factors that influence their development, both positively and negatively.
Release date: 2001-05-30
6. Survey of Usage by Businesses of the Social Insurance Number Archived
Table: 61F0090X
Description:
The Survey of Usage by Businesses of the Social Insurance Number was conducted during June and July 2000 on behalf of Human Resources Development Canada. The survey asked companies with two or more employees how they used the Social Insurance Number of their employees, contract workers and clients, and how they used the SIN card. This electronic publication presents 7 selected detailed tables in support of The daily (cat. no. 11-001-XIE) release February 15, along with methods and concepts pertaining to the release.
Release date: 2001-02-15
7. National Population Health Survey: Health Institutions Public Use Microdata File Archived
Public use microdata: 82M0010X
Description:
The National Population Health Survey (NPHS) program is designed to collect information related to the health of the Canadian population. The first cycle of data collection began in 1994. The institutional component includes long-term residents (expected to stay longer than six months) in health care facilities with four or more beds in Canada with the principal exclusion of the Yukon and the Northwest Teritories. The document has been produced to facilitate the manipulation of the 1996-1997 microdata file containing survey results. The main variables include: demography, health status, chronic conditions, restriction of activity, socio-demographic, and others.
Release date: 2000-08-02
8. National Population Health Survey 1994-1995 Archived
Public use microdata: 82F0001X
Description:
The National Population Health Survey (NPHS) uses the Labour Force Survey sampling frame to draw a sample of approximately 22,000 households. The sample is distributed over four quarterly collection periods. In each household, some limited information is collected from all household members and one person, aged 12 years and over, in each household is randomly selected for a more in-depth interview.
The questionnaire includes content related to health status, use of health services, determinants of health and a range of demographic and economic information. For example, the health status information includes self-perception of health, a health status index, chronic conditions, and activity restrictions. The use of health services is probed through visits to health care providers, both traditional and non-traditional, and the use of drugs and other medications. Health determinants include smoking, alcohol use, physical activity and in the first survey, emphasis has been placed on the collection of selected psycho-social factors that may influence health, such as stress, self-esteem and social support. The demographic and economic information includes age, sex, education, ethnicity, household income and labour force status.
Release date: 1995-11-21
9. Survey on Smoking in Canada (1994) Archived
Public use microdata: 82M0008X
Description:
The survey, begun in February 1994, monitors the smoking patterns of Canadians over a 12 month period and to measure any changes in smoking resulting from the decrease in taxes in cigarettes which took place in February 1994 in some provinces. It is related to MDF 82M0006. Updates are included in the microdata file price. A guide for this microdata file is available.
Release date: 1995-06-08

Analysis (58)

Analysis (58) (0 to 10 of 58 results)

1. Reconstruction attack risk using Statistics Canada Census Data Archived
Articles and reports: 11-522-X202200100008
Description: The publication of more disaggregated data can increase transparency and provide important information on underrepresented groups. Developing more readily available access options increases the amount of information available to and produced by researchers. Increasing the breadth and depth of the information released allows for a better representation of the Canadian population, but also puts a greater responsibility on Statistics Canada to do this in a way that preserves confidentiality, and thus it is helpful to develop tools which allow Statistics Canada to quantify the risk from the additional data granularity. In an effort to evaluate the risk of a database reconstruction attack on Statistics Canada’s published Census data, this investigation follows the strategy of the US Census Bureau, who outlined a method to use a Boolean satisfiability (SAT) solver to reconstruct individual attributes of residents of a hypothetical US Census block, based just on a table of summary statistics. The technique is expanded to attempt to reconstruct a small fraction of Statistics Canada’s Census microdata. This paper will discuss the findings of the investigation, the challenges involved in mounting a reconstruction attack, and the effect of an existing confidentiality measure in mitigating these attacks. Furthermore, the existing strategy is compared to other potential methods used to protect data – in particular, releasing tabular data perturbed by some random mechanism, such as those suggested by differential privacy.
Release date: 2024-03-25
2. Introduction to the Canadian Survey on Disability, American Sign Language Archived
Stats in brief: 11-629-X2022001
Description:
This American Sign Language video provides an introduction to the Canadian Survey on Disability. Specifically, it includes a brief description of the benefits of participating in the survey, what participating in the survey involves, how respondents were selected to participate, and information on privacy and confidentiality.

Release date: 2022-05-11
3. Confidentiality Vetting Support: Dominance and homogeneity using SAS Archived
Stats in brief: 89-20-00082021001
Description: This video is part of the confidentiality vetting support series and presents examples of how to use SAS to perform the dominance and homogeneity test while using the Census.
Release date: 2022-04-29
4. Confidentiality Vetting Support: Proportion and round tool using SAS Archived
Stats in brief: 89-20-00082021002
Description: This video is part of the confidentiality vetting support series and presents examples of how to use SAS to create proportion output for researchers working with confidential data.
Release date: 2022-04-27
5. Confidentiality Vetting Support: Rounding proportions using Stata Archived
Stats in brief: 89-20-00082021003
Description: This video is part of the confidentiality vetting support series and presents examples of how to use Stata to create proportion output for researchers working with confidential data.
Release date: 2022-04-27
6. Confidentiality Vetting Support: Dominance and homogeneity using the tcensus function (Stata) Archived
Stats in brief: 89-20-00082021004
Description: This video is part of the confidentiality vetting support series and presents examples of how to use Stata to perform the dominance and homogeneity test while using the Census.
Release date: 2022-04-27
7. Confidentiality Vetting Support: Rounding proportions using Rounder An R Shiny App Archived
Stats in brief: 89-20-00082021005
Description: This video is part of the confidentiality vetting support series and presents examples of how to use R to create proportion output for researchers working with confidential data.
Release date: 2022-04-27
8. Confidentiality Vetting Support: Dominance and homogeneity using R Archived
Stats in brief: 89-20-00082021006
Description: This video is part of the confidentiality vetting support series and presents examples of how to use R to perform the dominance and homogeneity test while using the Census.
Release date: 2022-04-27
9. Balancing the Protection of Confidentiality with the Needs for Disaggregated Census Data
Journals and periodicals: 98-26-0005
Description:
This report helps users understand how we balance protecting confidentiality and meeting needs for data. It provides information at a high level for major variables such as those related to gender, Indigenous peoples, visible minority, ethnocultural diversity, instruction in the official minority language and religious groups.

Release date: 2022-03-30
10. Developing Meaningful Categories for Distinguishing Levels of Remoteness in Canada
Articles and reports: 11-633-X2020002
Description:
The concepts of urban and rural are widely debated and vary depending on a country’s geopolitical and sociodemographic composition. In Canada, population centres and statistical area classifications are widely used to distinguish urban and rural communities. However, neither of these classifications precisely classify Canadian communities into urban, rural and remote areas. A group of researchers at Statistics Canada developed an alternative tool called the “remoteness index” to measure the relative remoteness of Canadian communities. This study builds on the remoteness index, which is a continuous index, by examining how it can be classified into five discrete categories of remoteness geographies. When properly categorized, the remoteness index can be a useful tool to distinguish urban, rural and remote communities in Canada, while protecting the privacy and confidentiality of citizens. This study considers five methodological approaches and recommends three methods.
Release date: 2020-08-11

Reference (12)

Reference (12) (0 to 10 of 12 results)

1. Guide to the Census of Agriculture
Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 32-26-0002
Description:
This reference guide may be useful to both new and experienced users who wish to familiarize themselves with and find specific information about the Census of Agriculture.

It provides an overview of the Census of Agriculture communications, content determination, collection, processing, data quality evaluation and dissemination activities. It also summarizes the key changes to the census and other useful information.

Release date: 2022-04-14
2. Statistics Canada Quality Guidelines
Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 12-539-X
Description:
This document brings together guidelines and checklists on many issues that need to be considered in the pursuit of quality objectives in the execution of statistical activities. Its focus is on how to assure quality through effective and appropriate design or redesign of a statistical project or program from inception through to data evaluation, dissemination and documentation. These guidelines draw on the collective knowledge and experience of many Statistics Canada employees. It is expected that Quality Guidelines will be useful to staff engaged in the planning and design of surveys and other statistical projects, as well as to those who evaluate and analyze the outputs of these projects.
Release date: 2019-12-04
3. 2001 Census Handbook (Reference Products: 2001 Census) Archived
Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 92-379-X
Description:
The 2001 Census Handbook is a reference tool covering every aspect of the 2001 Census of Population and Census of Agriculture. It provides an overview of every phase of the census, from content determination to data dissemination. It traces the history of the census from the early days of New France to the present. It also contains information about the protection of confidential information in census questions and variables, along with information about data quality and the possible uses of census data. Also covered are census geography and the range of products and services available from the 2001 Census database.
This series includes six general reference products: Preview of Products and Services, Census Dictionary, Catalogue, Standard Products Stubsets, Census Handbook and Technical Reports.
Release date: 2002-08-06
4. Methodology of the Survey of Household Spending Archived
Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 62F0026M2001003
Description:
This document provides a detailed description of the methodology of the Survey of Household Spending. Topics covered include: target population; sample design; data collection; data processing; weighting and estimation; estimation of sampling error; and data suppression and confidentiality.
Release date: 2001-10-15
5. Getting ready for the 2001 Census Archived
Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 11-008-X20000045556
Geography: Canada
Description:
This article provides information about the census and how the data gathered are used.
Release date: 2001-03-12
6. An Overview of the Issues Related to the Use of Personal Identifiers Archived
Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 85-602-X
Description:
The purpose of this report is to provide an overview of existing methods and techniques making use of personal identifiers to support record linkage. Record linkage can be loosely defined as a methodology for manipulating and / or transforming personal identifiers from individual data records from one or more operational databases and subsequently attempting to match these personal identifiers to create a composite record about an individual. Record linkage is not intended to uniquely identify individuals for operational purposes; however, it does provide probabilistic matches of varying degrees of reliability for use in statistical reporting. Techniques employed in record linkage may also be of use for investigative purposes to help narrow the field of search against existing databases when some form of personal identification information exists.
Release date: 2000-12-05
7. Creating and enhancing a population-based linked health database: methods, challenges, and applications Archived
Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 11-522-X19990015662
Description:
As the availability of both health utilization and outcome information becomes increasingly important to health care researchers and policy makers, the ability to link person-specific health data becomes a critical objective. This type of linkage of population-based administrative health databases has been realized in British Columbia. The database was created by constructing an historical file of all persons registered with the health care system, and then by probabilistically linking various program files to this 'coordinating' file. The first phase of development included the linkage of hospital discharge data, physician billing data, continuing care data, data about drug costs for the elderly, births data and deaths data. The second phase of development has seen the addition data sources external to the Ministry of Health including cancer incidence data, workers' compensation data, and income assistance data.
Release date: 2000-03-02
8. Combining data sources: Air pollution and asthma consultations in 59 general practices throughout England and Wales - A case study Archived
Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 11-522-X19990015688
Description:
The geographical and temporal relationship between outdoor air pollution and asthma was examined by linking together data from multiple sources. These included the administrative records of 59 general practices widely dispersed across England and Wales for half a million patients and all their consultations for asthma, supplemented by a socio-economic interview survey. Postcode enabled linkage with: (i) computed local road density; (ii) emission estimates of sulphur dioxide and nitrogen dioxides, (iii) measured/interpolated concentration of black smoke, sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide and other pollutants at practice level. Parallel Poisson time series analysis took into account between-practice variations to examine daily correlations in practices close to air quality monitoring stations. Preliminary analyses show small and generally non-significant geographical associations between consultation rates and pollution markers. The methodological issues relevant to combining such data, and the interpretation of these results will be discussed.
Release date: 2000-03-02
9. National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth: Confidentiality and remote access Archived
Notices and consultations: 11-522-X19980015010
Description:
In 1994, Statistics Canada introduced a new longitudinal social survey that collects information from about 23,000 children spread over 13,500 households. The objective of the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth is to measure the development and well being of children until they reach adulthood. To this end, the survey gathers together information about the child, parents, neighbourhood as well as family and school environment. As a consequence, the data collected for each child, is provided by several respondents, from parents to teachers, a situation which contributes to an increased disclosure risk. In order to reach a balance between confidentiality and the analytical value of released data, the survey produces three different microdata files with more or less information. The master file that contains all the information is only available by means of remote access. Hence, researchers do not have direct access to the data, but send their request in the form of software programs that are submitted by Statistics Canada staff. The results are then vetted for confidentiality and sent back to the researchers. The presentation will be devoted to the various disclosure risks of such a survey and to the tools used to reduce those risks.
Release date: 1999-10-22
10. Report on Consultations with Respondents and Interviewers to Test the Questionnaires and Data Collection Methodology for the 1998 Asset and Debt Survey Archived
Notices and consultations: 13F0026M1999004
Description:
During September and October 1997, the Questionnaire Design Resource Centre (QDRC) completed 10 focus groups and 4 in-depth interviews with respondents and 6 debriefing sessions with interviewers in a test of the proposed questionnaires and data collection methodology for the 1998 Asset and Debt Survey (now called the Survey of Financial Security, to be done in 1999).
The main goals of the testing were: to evaluate the data collection methodology and survey instruments (including the introductory materials [guide] and questionnaires [Part 1: background information about family members, Part 2: questions on assets and debts]); to identify problem areas; to make recommendations to ensure that the final survey instruments are respondent-friendly and interview-friendly, that the questionnaires can be easily understood and accurately completed; and finally, to investigate how respondents recall information.
This report summarizes the highlights of the study, including the recommendations based on the findings of the focus groups, in-depth interviews and debriefing sessions, as well as those from the experience of the QDRC in carrying out similar studies for other household surveys.
Release date: 1999-03-23

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