Analysis

Description:

Labour productivity growth in the business sector in Canada started to decline in 2000, from 2.3% per year in the period from 1991 to 2000 to 1.0% per year in the period from 2000 to 2015. This paper examines how innovation, innovation diffusion across firms, and business dynamism affected the productivity slowdown.

Description: The manner in which Canadians conduct their daily activities can have a profound impact on their surroundings thereby compelling them to adapt their practices to be less harmful to the environment. This is even more of a reality for Canadian businesses as their operations are significant contributors to the amount of pollution and environmental pressures generated each year in Canada. For this reason, it is important to monitor the amount and the type of environmental protection that Canadian industry has undertaken over the years. The article highlights expenditures made by Canadian industry to protect the environment from industrial activities between 2006 and 2016. The main data source for this paper is the Environmental Protection Expenditures Survey (EPES), which is conducted every two years. Several graphs and a summary of findings are included.

Description:

This study is part of the movement in the literature that supposes that entrepreneurship is an important factor in economic development and growth. A company’s success or failure is largely determined by the quality of corporate decisions made by the entrepreneur. However, since business decisions are intangible, their impact on a company’s performance is difficult to measure. This analysis aims to quantify the impact of business decisions. To measure intangibles, indexes were developed to measure a company’s management practices and long-term strategic directions, much like those developed by Bloom and Van Reenen (2007) and Brouillette and Ershov (2014).

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This infographic presents results from the Survey of Innovation and Business Strategy relating to the innovation rates of Canadian enterprises between 2015 and 2017. The innovation rates were measured for product, process, organizational and marketing innovation. Results are presented by region, economic activity and enterprise size.

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This working paper profiles Canadian firms involved in the development and production of Bioproducts. It provides data on the number and types of Bioproducts firms in 2015, covering bioproducts revenues, research and development, use of biomass, patents, products, business practices and the impact of government regulations on the sector.

Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin

Description:

This Economic Insights article highlights notable changes in the pace and composition of industrial research and development (R&D) spending in Canada during the 2000-to-2013 period. The analysis is based on historical time series data that conclude with the publication of estimates for reference year 2013. New data on industrial R&D will be released in the coming months. These new survey results begin with estimates for reference year 2014 and reflect conceptual and methodological changes designed to enhance the scope and relevance of the program. Following the introduction of these changes, a study on the break in the time series will be conducted later in 2017. his article highlights trends in industrial R&D spending in advance of the upcoming release of the new data. The analysis underscores the extent to which support for higher R&D spending in more recent years has come from resource-based companies.

Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin

Description:

This paper asks whether research and development (R&D) drives the level of competitiveness required to successfully enter export markets and whether, in turn, participation in export markets increases R&D expenditures. Canadian non-exporters that subsequently entered export markets in the first decade of the 2000s are found to be not only larger and more productive, as has been reported for previous decades, but also more likely to have invested in R&D. Both extramural R&D expenditures (purchased from domestic and foreign suppliers) and intramural R&D expenditures (performed in-house) increase the ability of firms to penetrate export markets. Exporting also has a significant impact on subsequent R&D expenditures; exporters are more likely to start investing in R&D. Firms that began exporting increased the intensity of extramural R&D expenditures in the year in which exporting occurred.

Description:

This article provides information on women aged 25 to 64 in natural and applied science occupations in Canada (i.e. scientific occupations), using data from the 1991 and 2001 censuses and the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS). The employment conditions of men and women in these occupations are also examined, based on data from the Labour Force Survey (LFS).

Description:

Canada's economic competitiveness depends on scientific and technological development and also on the people responsible for this development, especially those engaged in R&D. In an earlier Science statistics bulletin, we published the gross domestic expenditures on R&D in Canada (GERD). This issue presents a supplementary measure to the GERD, the number of personnel who perform Canada's R&D activities.

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This release contains estimates of total spending on research and development (R&D) in the health field in Canada. Tables demonstrate expenditures on health R&D by both performer and funder from 2004 to 2008 preliminary estimates.

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Data on science and technology (S&T) expenditures and full-time equivalent personnel allocated to biotechnology for fiscal year 2007/2008 were collected from selected federal government departments and agencies. The biotechnology S&T data comprise expenditures on research and development (R&D) and related scientific activities (RSA) for both intramural and extramural performers and the full-time equivalent personnel associated with these activities.

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This publication presents recent information on the performance and funding of Federal government expenditures on scientific activities, 2008/2009 (intentions). The statistics presented are derived from the survey of science and technology (S&T) activities of federal departments and agencies.

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The information in this document is intended primarily to be used by scientific and technological (S&T) policy makers, both federal and provincial, largely as a basis for inter-provincial and inter-sectoral comparisons. The statistics are aggregates of the provincial government and provincial research organization science surveys conducted by Statistics Canada under contract with the provinces, and cover the period 2002/2003 to 2006/2007.

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This service bulletin contains historical and current data on research and development (R&D) expenditures and personnel in Canada, by industry. In Canada, the industrial or business enterprise sector is the largest R&D performer.

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The higher education sector is composed of all universities, colleges of technology and other institutes of postsecondary education, whatever their source of finance or legal status. It also includes all research institutes, experimental stations and clinics operating under the direct control of, or administered by, or associated with higher education establishments.

Description:

This release contains estimates of total spending on research and development (R&D) in the health field in Canada. Tables demonstrate expenditures on health R&D by both performer and funder from 1996 to 2007 preliminary estimates. Historical data indicates that in Canada, health R&D expenditures as a percentage of Gross Domestic Expenditures on Research and Development (GERD) are growing.

Description:

Data on science and technology (S&T) expenditures and full-time equivalent personnel allocated to biotechnology for fiscal year 2006/2007 were collected from selected federal government departments and agencies.The biotechnology S&T data comprise expenditures on research and development (R&D) and related scientific activities (RSA) for both intramural and extramural performers and the full-time equivalent personnel associated with these activities.

Description:

Canada's economic competitiveness depends on scientific and technological development and also on the people responsible for this development, especially those engaged in R&D. In an earlier Science statistics bulletin, we published the gross domestic expenditures on R&D in Canada (GERD). This issue presents a supplementary measure to the GERD, the number of personnel who perform Canada's R&D activities.

Description:

After working for more than 20 years on behalf of science and technology statistics, Dr. Frederic Gault, Director, Science, Innovation and Electronic Information Division, is leaving Statistics Canada.

Description:

This study compares the characteristics of innovative exporting firms using formal intellectual property (IP) regimes and those using informal intellectual property regimes. Two service industry groups are examined: Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and Selected Professional, Scientific and Technical Services. The data are based on the 2003 Survey of Innovation

Description:

This paper examines the growth of human capital in Canadian and U.S. cities. Using pooled Census of Population data for 242 urban centres, we evaluate the link between long run employment growth and the supply of different types of skilled labour. The paper also examines whether the scientific capabilities of cities are influenced by amenities such as the size of the local cultural sector.

The first part of the paper investigates the contribution of broad and specialized forms of human capital to long-run employment growth. We differentiate between employed degree holders (a general measure of human capital) and degree holders employed in science and cultural occupations (specific measures of human capital). Our growth models investigate long-run changes in urban employment from 1980 to 2000, and control for other factors that have been posited to influence the growth of cities. These include estimates of the amenities that proxy differences in the attractiveness of urban areas.

The second part of the paper focuses specifically on a particular type of human capital'degree holders in science and engineering occupations. Our models evaluate the factors associated with the medium- and long-run growth of these occupations. Particular attention is placed on disentangling the relationships between science and engineering growth and other forms of human capital.

Description:

Results from the Survey of Innovation 2003 raised some interesting questions. First, an unexpected one-third of establishments in R&D services were not innovative. According to the guidelines of the Oslo Manual, innovative establishments are those that introduced a new or significantly improved product or process on to the market or into production, within a specified interval. Second, many of these non-innovative establishments indicated that satisfying existing customers was irrelevant to their firms success. This was very different response from all other types of firms.

This working paper provides a potential explanation of these unexpected results, as well as an overview of available information on establishments in R&D services (NAICS 5417) in the context of professional services generally. The paper assembles descriptive data to show that non-innovative establishments in R&D services differ significantly from other non-innovative establishments and, while not innovative, they are nevertheless highly inventive. It presents some evidence to suggest that they are venture firms (firms relying on infusions of investment capital rather than revenues from sales to sustain their operations) and proposes a specific set of indicators that would facilitate resolution of the nature of firms in this industry group.

Description:

This descriptive working paper provides highlights from the Biotechnology Use and Development Survey 2005. Data on innovative biotechnology firms are presented by region, sectors and firm size. The data include firm revenues, R&D activities, human resources, firm financing, age of firms, country of control and the proportion of publicly traded firms.

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This study profiles scientists and engineers with doctorates at the beginning of the millennium. Using data from the 2001 Census, it analyzes the geographical distribution of this important Canadian workforce, together with the industrial sector where they work and their earnings.

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This article summarizes the findings of an econometric study using data from the 2005 Canadian Survey of Innovation. The study looked at the decision of firms in the Canadian manufacturing sector to co-operate on innovation projects. The analysis reveals that the factors influencing the decision to co-operate in order to access external knowledge are very similar to those influencing cost-sharing motives. It also finds that public funding leads firms to co-operate in order to access external knowledge and research and development (R&D).

Description:

This article sheds light on selected characteristics of firms, both innovators and non-innovators that participated in a global supply chain. Using results from the Survey of Innovation 2005, four indicators of global supply chain participation are explored: sales; source of raw materials and components; source of new machinery and equipment; and contracting out of R&D services.

Description:

Although nanotechnology can be thought of as a sector of its own, it is clear that nanotechnology is a cross-sector phenomenon with potentially significant impacts. Nanotechnologies can be found in areas as diverse as biotechnology and health, agriculture, electronics and computer technology, environment and energy, optics, and in materials and manufacturing.

Description:

Statistics Canada is actively involved with the international community in developing statistical information on nanotechnologies. This article summarizes the ongoing work of the OECD's newly-established Working Party on Nanotechnology, with particular emphasis on the role of Statistics Canada.

Description:

This on-line report summarizes research and development (R&D) activities performed and funded by Canadian business enterprises and industrial research institutes and associations. The data are used, for instance, to plan and evaluate R&D tax incentive programs, to provide indicators of the state of industrial innovation and to complement national aggregates for scientific R&D expenditures and personnel. Among the topics covered are current and capital expenditures on research and development, energy R&D expenditures by area of technology, R&D expenditures as a percentage of company revenues, sources of funds for intramural R&D, personnel engaged in R&D, and foreign payments made and received for technological services. Most historical tables are presented for the latest five years and disaggregated by 46 industrial groupings, size of R&D program, employment size, revenue size, country of control, and by province.

Description:

This report provides statistical information of the federal government's activities in science and technology. It covers expenditures and person-years by type of science, performing sectors, provinces and federal departments and agencies. Technical notes, definitions, bibliography and subject index are included.

Description:

Presented in almanac style, the 2012 Canada Year Book contains more than 500 pages of tables, charts and succinct analytical articles on every major area of Statistics Canada's expertise. The Canada Year Book is the premier reference on the social and economic life of Canada and its citizens.

Description:

This series, which consists of about six issues per year, presents a variety of science and technology statistics. Each issue concerns a different topic, for example: research and development expenditures and personnel in business enterprises, science and technology expenditures and personnel in the federal government or provincial governments; and estimates of higher education expenditures on research and development.

Description:

Statistics Canada is engaged in the "Information System for Science and Technology Project" to develop useful indicators of activity and a framework to tie them together into a coherent picture of science and technology (S&T) in Canada. The working papers series is used to publish results of the different initiatives conducted within this project. The data are related to the activities, linkages and outcomes of S&T. Several key areas are covered such as: innovation, technology diffusion, human resources in S&T and interrelations between different actors involved in S&T. This series also presents data tabulations taken from regular surveys on research and development (R&D) and S&T and made possible by the project.

Description:

This annual publication is based on the Survey of Intellectual Property Commercialization in the Higher Education Sector which tracks the progress of innovation in this area.

The objective of the survey is to assure the availability of pertinent information to monitor science and technology related activities and to support the development of science and technology policy. The topic studied is intellectual property management at universities and affiliated teaching hospitals. The data are used to determine how to maximize the benefits resulting from public sector research. Data users include the federal and provincial governments and university administrators and researchers.

Description:

The bulletin summarizes and highlights new results in the analysis of science, technology and the information society. The articles cover current issues in science and technology activities, advanced technologies, innovation in industry and electronic media. The bulletin is designed to be easily readable by non-experts.

Description:

The Canada e-Book is an online version of the Canada Year Book with texts, tables, charts and audio clips that present the country's economic and social trends. The Canada e-Book illustrates Canada and Canadians under four broad headings: The Land, The People, The Economy, and The State. You will find a wealth of information on topics including the human imprint on the environment, population and demography, health, education, household and family life, labour force, arts and leisure, industries, finance, government and justice. All Canadians will enjoy this useful reference that helps explain the social, economic and cultural forces that shape our nation.

Description:

Statistics Canada is engaged in an Information System for Science and Technology Project which purpose is to develop useful indicators of activity and a framework to tie them together into a coherent picture of science and technology in Canada. This series publishes analytical work relating to science and technology issues. These documents relate to specific questions or complex analyses derived from survey results conducted at Statistics Canada. More speculative studies related to science and technology issues are also published.

Description:

This publication outlines a five-year strategic plan for the development of an information system for science and technology.