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All (266) (0 to 10 of 266 results)

1. Improvements to the Canadian Income Survey Methodology for the 2022 Reference Year
Articles and reports: 75F0002M2024005
Description: The Canadian Income Survey (CIS) has introduced improvements to the methods and data sources used to produce income and poverty estimates with the release of its 2022 reference year estimates. Foremost among these improvements is a significant increase in the sample size for a large subset of the CIS content. The weighting methodology was also improved and the target population of the CIS was changed from persons aged 16 years and over to persons aged 15 years and over. This paper describes the changes made and presents the approximate net result of these changes on the income estimates and data quality of the CIS using 2021 data. The changes described in this paper highlight the ways in which data quality has been improved while having little impact on key CIS estimates and trends.
Release date: 2024-04-26
2. Children born into vulnerability: Challenges encountered in a Quebec longitudinal survey Archived
Articles and reports: 11-522-X202200100010
Description: Growing Up in Québec is a longitudinal population survey that began in the spring of 2021 at the Institut de la statistique du Québec. Among the children targeted by this longitudinal follow-up, some will experience developmental difficulties at some point in their lives. Those same children often have characteristics associated with higher sample attrition (low-income family, parents with a low level of education). This article describes the two main challenges we encountered when trying to ensure sufficient representativeness of these children, in both the overall results and the subpopulation analyses.
Release date: 2024-03-25
3. Model-based stratification of payment populations in Medicare integrity investigations
Articles and reports: 12-001-X202300200001
Description: When a Medicare healthcare provider is suspected of billing abuse, a population of payments X made to that provider over a fixed timeframe is isolated. A certified medical reviewer, in a time-consuming process, can determine the overpayment Y = X - (amount justified by the evidence) associated with each payment. Typically, there are too many payments in the population to examine each with care, so a probability sample is selected. The sample overpayments are then used to calculate a 90% lower confidence bound for the total population overpayment. This bound is the amount demanded for recovery from the provider. Unfortunately, classical methods for calculating this bound sometimes fail to provide the 90% confidence level, especially when using a stratified sample.
In this paper, 166 redacted samples from Medicare integrity investigations are displayed and described, along with 156 associated payment populations. The 7,588 examined (Y, X) sample pairs show (1) Medicare audits have high error rates: more than 76% of these payments were considered to have been paid in error; and (2) the patterns in these samples support an “All-or-Nothing” mixture model for (Y, X) previously defined in the literature. Model-based Monte Carlo testing procedures for Medicare sampling plans are discussed, as well as stratification methods based on anticipated model moments. In terms of viability (achieving the 90% confidence level) a new stratification method defined here is competitive with the best of the many existing methods tested and seems less sensitive to choice of operating parameters. In terms of overpayment recovery (equivalent to precision) the new method is also comparable to the best of the many existing methods tested. Unfortunately, no stratification algorithm tested was ever viable for more than about half of the 104 test populations.
Release date: 2024-01-03
4. Sample designs and estimators for multimode surveys with face-to-face data collection
Articles and reports: 12-001-X202300200006
Description: Survey researchers are increasingly turning to multimode data collection to deal with declines in survey response rates and increasing costs. An efficient approach offers the less costly modes (e.g., web) followed with a more expensive mode for a subsample of the units (e.g., households) within each primary sampling unit (PSU). We present two alternatives to this traditional design. One alternative subsamples PSUs rather than units to constrain costs. The second is a hybrid design that includes a clustered (two-stage) sample and an independent, unclustered sample. Using a simulation, we demonstrate the hybrid design has considerable advantages.
Release date: 2024-01-03
5. Constructing all determinantal sampling designs
Articles and reports: 12-001-X202300200008
Description: In this article, we use a slightly simplified version of the method by Fickus, Mixon and Poteet (2013) to define a flexible parameterization of the kernels of determinantal sampling designs with fixed first-order inclusion probabilities. For specific values of the multidimensional parameter, we get back to a matrix from the family P^II from Loonis and Mary (2019). We speculate that, among the determinantal designs with fixed inclusion probabilities, the minimum variance of the Horvitz and Thompson estimator (1952) of a variable of interest is expressed relative to P^II. We provide experimental R programs that facilitate the appropriation of various concepts presented in the article, some of which are described as non-trivial by Fickus et al. (2013). A longer version of this article, including proofs and a more detailed presentation of the determinantal designs, is also available.
Release date: 2024-01-03
6. Targetted double control of burden in multiple surveys
Articles and reports: 12-001-X202300200010
Description: Sample coordination methods aim to increase (in positive coordination) or decrease (in negative coordination) the size of the overlap between samples. The samples considered can be from different occasions of a repeated survey and/or from different surveys covering a common population. Negative coordination is used to control the response burden in a given period, because some units do not respond to survey questionnaires if they are selected in many samples. Usually, methods for sample coordination do not take into account any measure of the response burden that a unit has already expended in responding to previous surveys. We introduce such a measure into a new method by adapting a spatially balanced sampling scheme, based on a generalization of Poisson sampling, together with a negative coordination method. The goal is to create a double control of the burden for these units: once by using a measure of burden during the sampling process and once by using a negative coordination method. We evaluate the approach using Monte-Carlo simulation and investigate its use for controlling for selection “hot-spots” in business surveys in Statistics Netherlands.
Release date: 2024-01-03
7. Comments by Guillaume Chauvet on “Jean-Claude Deville’s contributions to survey theory and official statistics”
Articles and reports: 12-001-X202300200016
Description: In this discussion, I will present some additional aspects of three major areas of survey theory developed or studied by Jean-Claude Deville: calibration, balanced sampling and the generalized weight-share method.
Release date: 2024-01-03
8. Improvements to the Canadian Income Survey Methodology for the 2021 Reference Year
Articles and reports: 75F0002M2023005
Description: The Canadian Income Survey (CIS) has introduced improvements to the methods and systems used to produce income estimates with the release of its 2021 reference year estimates. This paper describes the changes and presents the approximate net result of these changes on income estimates using data for 2019 and 2020. The changes described in this paper highlight the ways in which data quality has been improved while producing minimal impact on key CIS estimates and trends.
Release date: 2023-08-29
9. Sampling with adaptive drawing probabilities
Articles and reports: 12-001-X202300100009
Description: In this paper, with and without-replacement versions of adaptive proportional to size sampling are presented. Unbiased estimators are developed for these methods and their properties are studied. In the two versions, the drawing probabilities are adapted during the sampling process based on the observations already selected. To this end, in the version with-replacement, after each draw and observation of the variable of interest, the vector of the auxiliary variable will be updated using the observed values of the variable of interest to approximate the exact selection probability proportional to size. For the without-replacement version, first, using an initial sample, we model the relationship between the variable of interest and the auxiliary variable. Then, utilizing this relationship, we estimate the unknown (unobserved) population units. Finally, on these estimated population units, we select a new sample proportional to size without-replacement. These approaches can significantly improve the efficiency of designs not only in the case of a positive linear relationship, but also in the case of a non-linear or negative linear relationship between the variables. We investigate the efficiencies of the designs through simulations and real case studies on medicinal flowers, social and economic data.
Release date: 2023-06-30
10. How Survey Mode and Survey Context Affect the Measurement of Self-Perceived Racial Discrimination across Cycles of the General Social Survey
Articles and reports: 11-633-X2022006
Description:
This article compares how survey mode, survey thematic context and sample design contribute to variation in responses to similar questions on self-perceived racial discrimination across the 2013, 2014, 2019 and 2020 cycles of the General Social Survey (GSS).

Release date: 2022-08-09

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Analysis (266)

Analysis (266) (0 to 10 of 266 results)

1. Improvements to the Canadian Income Survey Methodology for the 2022 Reference Year
Articles and reports: 75F0002M2024005
Description: The Canadian Income Survey (CIS) has introduced improvements to the methods and data sources used to produce income and poverty estimates with the release of its 2022 reference year estimates. Foremost among these improvements is a significant increase in the sample size for a large subset of the CIS content. The weighting methodology was also improved and the target population of the CIS was changed from persons aged 16 years and over to persons aged 15 years and over. This paper describes the changes made and presents the approximate net result of these changes on the income estimates and data quality of the CIS using 2021 data. The changes described in this paper highlight the ways in which data quality has been improved while having little impact on key CIS estimates and trends.
Release date: 2024-04-26
2. Children born into vulnerability: Challenges encountered in a Quebec longitudinal survey Archived
Articles and reports: 11-522-X202200100010
Description: Growing Up in Québec is a longitudinal population survey that began in the spring of 2021 at the Institut de la statistique du Québec. Among the children targeted by this longitudinal follow-up, some will experience developmental difficulties at some point in their lives. Those same children often have characteristics associated with higher sample attrition (low-income family, parents with a low level of education). This article describes the two main challenges we encountered when trying to ensure sufficient representativeness of these children, in both the overall results and the subpopulation analyses.
Release date: 2024-03-25
3. Model-based stratification of payment populations in Medicare integrity investigations
Articles and reports: 12-001-X202300200001
Description: When a Medicare healthcare provider is suspected of billing abuse, a population of payments X made to that provider over a fixed timeframe is isolated. A certified medical reviewer, in a time-consuming process, can determine the overpayment Y = X - (amount justified by the evidence) associated with each payment. Typically, there are too many payments in the population to examine each with care, so a probability sample is selected. The sample overpayments are then used to calculate a 90% lower confidence bound for the total population overpayment. This bound is the amount demanded for recovery from the provider. Unfortunately, classical methods for calculating this bound sometimes fail to provide the 90% confidence level, especially when using a stratified sample.
In this paper, 166 redacted samples from Medicare integrity investigations are displayed and described, along with 156 associated payment populations. The 7,588 examined (Y, X) sample pairs show (1) Medicare audits have high error rates: more than 76% of these payments were considered to have been paid in error; and (2) the patterns in these samples support an “All-or-Nothing” mixture model for (Y, X) previously defined in the literature. Model-based Monte Carlo testing procedures for Medicare sampling plans are discussed, as well as stratification methods based on anticipated model moments. In terms of viability (achieving the 90% confidence level) a new stratification method defined here is competitive with the best of the many existing methods tested and seems less sensitive to choice of operating parameters. In terms of overpayment recovery (equivalent to precision) the new method is also comparable to the best of the many existing methods tested. Unfortunately, no stratification algorithm tested was ever viable for more than about half of the 104 test populations.
Release date: 2024-01-03
4. Sample designs and estimators for multimode surveys with face-to-face data collection
Articles and reports: 12-001-X202300200006
Description: Survey researchers are increasingly turning to multimode data collection to deal with declines in survey response rates and increasing costs. An efficient approach offers the less costly modes (e.g., web) followed with a more expensive mode for a subsample of the units (e.g., households) within each primary sampling unit (PSU). We present two alternatives to this traditional design. One alternative subsamples PSUs rather than units to constrain costs. The second is a hybrid design that includes a clustered (two-stage) sample and an independent, unclustered sample. Using a simulation, we demonstrate the hybrid design has considerable advantages.
Release date: 2024-01-03
5. Constructing all determinantal sampling designs
Articles and reports: 12-001-X202300200008
Description: In this article, we use a slightly simplified version of the method by Fickus, Mixon and Poteet (2013) to define a flexible parameterization of the kernels of determinantal sampling designs with fixed first-order inclusion probabilities. For specific values of the multidimensional parameter, we get back to a matrix from the family P^II from Loonis and Mary (2019). We speculate that, among the determinantal designs with fixed inclusion probabilities, the minimum variance of the Horvitz and Thompson estimator (1952) of a variable of interest is expressed relative to P^II. We provide experimental R programs that facilitate the appropriation of various concepts presented in the article, some of which are described as non-trivial by Fickus et al. (2013). A longer version of this article, including proofs and a more detailed presentation of the determinantal designs, is also available.
Release date: 2024-01-03
6. Targetted double control of burden in multiple surveys
Articles and reports: 12-001-X202300200010
Description: Sample coordination methods aim to increase (in positive coordination) or decrease (in negative coordination) the size of the overlap between samples. The samples considered can be from different occasions of a repeated survey and/or from different surveys covering a common population. Negative coordination is used to control the response burden in a given period, because some units do not respond to survey questionnaires if they are selected in many samples. Usually, methods for sample coordination do not take into account any measure of the response burden that a unit has already expended in responding to previous surveys. We introduce such a measure into a new method by adapting a spatially balanced sampling scheme, based on a generalization of Poisson sampling, together with a negative coordination method. The goal is to create a double control of the burden for these units: once by using a measure of burden during the sampling process and once by using a negative coordination method. We evaluate the approach using Monte-Carlo simulation and investigate its use for controlling for selection “hot-spots” in business surveys in Statistics Netherlands.
Release date: 2024-01-03
7. Comments by Guillaume Chauvet on “Jean-Claude Deville’s contributions to survey theory and official statistics”
Articles and reports: 12-001-X202300200016
Description: In this discussion, I will present some additional aspects of three major areas of survey theory developed or studied by Jean-Claude Deville: calibration, balanced sampling and the generalized weight-share method.
Release date: 2024-01-03
8. Improvements to the Canadian Income Survey Methodology for the 2021 Reference Year
Articles and reports: 75F0002M2023005
Description: The Canadian Income Survey (CIS) has introduced improvements to the methods and systems used to produce income estimates with the release of its 2021 reference year estimates. This paper describes the changes and presents the approximate net result of these changes on income estimates using data for 2019 and 2020. The changes described in this paper highlight the ways in which data quality has been improved while producing minimal impact on key CIS estimates and trends.
Release date: 2023-08-29
9. Sampling with adaptive drawing probabilities
Articles and reports: 12-001-X202300100009
Description: In this paper, with and without-replacement versions of adaptive proportional to size sampling are presented. Unbiased estimators are developed for these methods and their properties are studied. In the two versions, the drawing probabilities are adapted during the sampling process based on the observations already selected. To this end, in the version with-replacement, after each draw and observation of the variable of interest, the vector of the auxiliary variable will be updated using the observed values of the variable of interest to approximate the exact selection probability proportional to size. For the without-replacement version, first, using an initial sample, we model the relationship between the variable of interest and the auxiliary variable. Then, utilizing this relationship, we estimate the unknown (unobserved) population units. Finally, on these estimated population units, we select a new sample proportional to size without-replacement. These approaches can significantly improve the efficiency of designs not only in the case of a positive linear relationship, but also in the case of a non-linear or negative linear relationship between the variables. We investigate the efficiencies of the designs through simulations and real case studies on medicinal flowers, social and economic data.
Release date: 2023-06-30
10. How Survey Mode and Survey Context Affect the Measurement of Self-Perceived Racial Discrimination across Cycles of the General Social Survey
Articles and reports: 11-633-X2022006
Description:
This article compares how survey mode, survey thematic context and sample design contribute to variation in responses to similar questions on self-perceived racial discrimination across the 2013, 2014, 2019 and 2020 cycles of the General Social Survey (GSS).

Release date: 2022-08-09

Reference (1)

Reference (1) ((1 result))

1. Content of the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics Part B - Income and Wealth Content Archived
Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 75F0002M1992001
Description:
Starting in 1994, the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID) will follow individuals and families for at least six years, tracking their labour market experiences, changes in income and family circumstances. An initial proposal for the content of SLID, entitled "Content of the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics : Discussion Paper", was distributed in February 1992.
That paper served as a background document for consultation with and a review by interested users. The content underwent significant change during this process. Based upon the revised content, a large-scale test of SLID will be conducted in February and May 1993.
The present document outlines the income and wealth content to be tested in May 1993. This document is really a continuation of SLID Research Paper Series 92-01A, which outlines the demographic and labour content used in the January /February 1993 test.
Release date: 2008-02-29

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Date modified:: 2024-05-11