Science and technology

Description:

Percentage of enterprises that used specific types of advanced or emerging technologies, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and enterprise size, based on a one-year observation period. Advanced technologies include material handling, supply chain or logistics technologies; design or information control technologies; processing or fabrication technologies; clean technologies; security or advanced authentication systems; business intelligence technologies; and other types of advanced technologies. Emerging technologies include nanotechnology, biotechnology, geomatics or geospatial technologies, artificial intelligence (AI), integrated Internet of Things (IoT) systems, blockchain technologies, and other types of emerging technologies.

Description:

Percentage of enterprises that did not adopt or use advanced technologies for specific reasons, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and enterprise size, based on a one-year observation period. Reasons for not adopting or using advanced technologies include not convinced of economic benefit; difficulty in obtaining financing; high cost of advanced technologies; investment not necessary for continuing operations; lack of technical skills required to support this type of investment; organizational culture too inflexible; decisions made by parent, affiliates or subsidiary businesses; lack of technical support or services (from consultants or vendors); lack of information regarding advanced technology; difficulty in integrating new advanced technologies with existing systems, standards and processes; other reasons for not adopting or using advanced technologies; and adoption or use of advanced technologies not applicable to this business’s activities.

Description: Percentage of enterprises where the use of clean technologies was related to environmental protection, sustainable resource management or adapted goods, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and enterprise size, based on a one-year observation period. Environmental protection includes air and environment protection or remediation; waste management, reduction or recycling; and water or wastewater treatment. Sustainable resource management includes alternative fuels; non-emitting energy supply; bio-products; smart grid; energy storage; energy management and efficiency improvements; water management or recycling; agriculture, aquaculture, forestry or biodiversity improvements; and sustainable mining. Adapted goods include energy-efficient transportation, energy-efficient equipment or appliances, and advanced or lightweight materials.

Description: This classification system was developed conjointly by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC), the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), the Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI), the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), and Statistics Canada which is the custodian. This shared standard classification, inspired by the Frascati Model 2015 of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), will be used by the federal granting agencies and Statistics Canada to collect, and disseminate data related to research and development in Canada. The Canadian Research and Development Classification (CRDC) first official version was the 2020 Version 1.0, now being replaced by CRDC Version 2.0. The CRDC is revised within 2 years for minor changes, and every five years for major revisions. CRDC 2020 Version 2.0 is composed of 3 main pieces: the type of activity or TOA (with 3 categories), the field of research or FOR (with 1,671 fields at the lowest level) and socioeconomic objective or SEO (with 85 main groups at the lowest level).

Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin

Description:

Percentage of enterprises for which specific long-term strategies were the most important, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and enterprise size, over the next five years. The most important long-term strategies include main focus on good or service positioning, main focus on low-price and cost leadership, and good or service positioning and low-price and cost leadership are equally important.

Description:

Percentage of enterprises for which specific statements best described their strategic focus regarding goods or services (products), by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and enterprise size, over the next five years. Statements that best described enterprises’ strategic focus regarding goods or services (products) include maintain sales of existing goods or services, expand the sales of existing goods or services, introduce new or significantly improved goods or services regularly, and don’t know.

Description:

Percentage of enterprises that sold only goods, only services or both goods and services, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and enterprise size, based on a one-year observation period.

Description:

Percentage of enterprises that produced or manufactured any of the goods that they sold, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and enterprise size, based on a one-year observation period.

Description:

Percentage of enterprises that offered specific services to complement the sale of goods, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and enterprise size, based on a one-year observation period. Complementary services include after-sales maintenance or repair, installation or implementation, training or technical support, after-sales condition monitoring or quality control, customization, distribution or transportation, leasing or rental agreements, and other services.

Description:

Percentage of enterprises that used specific types of advanced or emerging technologies, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and enterprise size, based on a one-year observation period. Advanced technologies include material handling, supply chain or logistics technologies; design or information control technologies; processing or fabrication technologies; clean technologies; security or advanced authentication systems; business intelligence technologies; and other types of advanced technologies. Emerging technologies include nanotechnology, biotechnology, geomatics or geospatial technologies, artificial intelligence (AI), integrated Internet of Things (IoT) systems, blockchain technologies, and other types of emerging technologies.

Description:

Percentage of enterprises that did not adopt or use advanced technologies for specific reasons, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and enterprise size, based on a one-year observation period. Reasons for not adopting or using advanced technologies include not convinced of economic benefit; difficulty in obtaining financing; high cost of advanced technologies; investment not necessary for continuing operations; lack of technical skills required to support this type of investment; organizational culture too inflexible; decisions made by parent, affiliates or subsidiary businesses; lack of technical support or services (from consultants or vendors); lack of information regarding advanced technology; difficulty in integrating new advanced technologies with existing systems, standards and processes; other reasons for not adopting or using advanced technologies; and adoption or use of advanced technologies not applicable to this business’s activities.

Description: Percentage of enterprises where the use of clean technologies was related to environmental protection, sustainable resource management or adapted goods, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and enterprise size, based on a one-year observation period. Environmental protection includes air and environment protection or remediation; waste management, reduction or recycling; and water or wastewater treatment. Sustainable resource management includes alternative fuels; non-emitting energy supply; bio-products; smart grid; energy storage; energy management and efficiency improvements; water management or recycling; agriculture, aquaculture, forestry or biodiversity improvements; and sustainable mining. Adapted goods include energy-efficient transportation, energy-efficient equipment or appliances, and advanced or lightweight materials.

Description:

Percentage of enterprises for which specific long-term strategies were the most important, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and enterprise size, over the next five years. The most important long-term strategies include main focus on good or service positioning, main focus on low-price and cost leadership, and good or service positioning and low-price and cost leadership are equally important.

Description:

Percentage of enterprises for which specific statements best described their strategic focus regarding goods or services (products), by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and enterprise size, over the next five years. Statements that best described enterprises’ strategic focus regarding goods or services (products) include maintain sales of existing goods or services, expand the sales of existing goods or services, introduce new or significantly improved goods or services regularly, and don’t know.

Description:

Percentage of enterprises that sold only goods, only services or both goods and services, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and enterprise size, based on a one-year observation period.

Description:

Percentage of enterprises that produced or manufactured any of the goods that they sold, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and enterprise size, based on a one-year observation period.

Description:

Percentage of enterprises that offered specific services to complement the sale of goods, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and enterprise size, based on a one-year observation period. Complementary services include after-sales maintenance or repair, installation or implementation, training or technical support, after-sales condition monitoring or quality control, customization, distribution or transportation, leasing or rental agreements, and other services.

Description:

Percentage of enterprises that expanded capacity for specific services to complement the sale of goods, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and enterprise size, based on a three-year observation period. Complementary services include after-sales maintenance or repair, installation or implementation, training or technical support, after-sales condition monitoring or quality control, customization, distribution or transportation, leasing or rental agreements, and other services.

Description:

Percentage of enterprises that faced a specific number of competitors in the main geographical market, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and enterprise size, based on a one-year observation period.

Description:

This infographic presents results from the Survey of Innovation and Business Strategy relating to the innovation rates of Canadian enterprises between 2015 and 2017. The innovation rates were measured for product, process, organizational and marketing innovation. Results are presented by region, economic activity and enterprise size.

Description:

This working paper profiles Canadian firms involved in the development and production of Bioproducts. It provides data on the number and types of Bioproducts firms in 2015, covering bioproducts revenues, research and development, use of biomass, patents, products, business practices and the impact of government regulations on the sector.

Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin

Description:

This Economic Insights article highlights notable changes in the pace and composition of industrial research and development (R&D) spending in Canada during the 2000-to-2013 period. The analysis is based on historical time series data that conclude with the publication of estimates for reference year 2013. New data on industrial R&D will be released in the coming months. These new survey results begin with estimates for reference year 2014 and reflect conceptual and methodological changes designed to enhance the scope and relevance of the program. Following the introduction of these changes, a study on the break in the time series will be conducted later in 2017. his article highlights trends in industrial R&D spending in advance of the upcoming release of the new data. The analysis underscores the extent to which support for higher R&D spending in more recent years has come from resource-based companies.

Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin

Description:

This paper asks whether research and development (R&D) drives the level of competitiveness required to successfully enter export markets and whether, in turn, participation in export markets increases R&D expenditures. Canadian non-exporters that subsequently entered export markets in the first decade of the 2000s are found to be not only larger and more productive, as has been reported for previous decades, but also more likely to have invested in R&D. Both extramural R&D expenditures (purchased from domestic and foreign suppliers) and intramural R&D expenditures (performed in-house) increase the ability of firms to penetrate export markets. Exporting also has a significant impact on subsequent R&D expenditures; exporters are more likely to start investing in R&D. Firms that began exporting increased the intensity of extramural R&D expenditures in the year in which exporting occurred.

Description:

This article provides information on women aged 25 to 64 in natural and applied science occupations in Canada (i.e. scientific occupations), using data from the 1991 and 2001 censuses and the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS). The employment conditions of men and women in these occupations are also examined, based on data from the Labour Force Survey (LFS).

Description:

The increased pace of globalization has brought about many changes in both the Canadian and world economies. One important change has been the increased prevalence of global value chains which sees production processes spread out around the globe, across vertically integrated multinationals or via arm’s length trade. This paper focuses on two types of global production arrangements, namely, the case of merchanting and of goods send abroad for processing, with the limiting case of factoryless goods producers. Using the results of the 2009 and 2012 Survey of Innovation and Business Strategy, this report aims to provide an indication of the degree and nature of outsourcing among Canadian firms, with respect to these global production arrangements.

Description:

This on-line report summarizes research and development (R&D) activities performed and funded by Canadian business enterprises and industrial research institutes and associations. The data are used, for instance, to plan and evaluate R&D tax incentive programs, to provide indicators of the state of industrial innovation and to complement national aggregates for scientific R&D expenditures and personnel. Among the topics covered are current and capital expenditures on research and development, energy R&D expenditures by area of technology, R&D expenditures as a percentage of company revenues, sources of funds for intramural R&D, personnel engaged in R&D, and foreign payments made and received for technological services. Most historical tables are presented for the latest five years and disaggregated by 46 industrial groupings, size of R&D program, employment size, revenue size, country of control, and by province.

Description:

This report provides statistical information of the federal government's activities in science and technology. It covers expenditures and person-years by type of science, performing sectors, provinces and federal departments and agencies. Technical notes, definitions, bibliography and subject index are included.

Description: Gross domestic expenditure on research and development (GERD) is a statistical series, constructed by adding together the intramural expenditures on research and development (R&D) as reported by the performing sectors.

Description: This survey collects information related to research and development (R&D) in post secondary institutions in Canada, in particular information related to faculty teaching, research, administration and service. The data from the survey is an important component in estimating higher education research and development expenditures (HERD).

Description: This survey measures the general familiarity of owners and managers of enterprises across selected industries with intellectual property (IP). The purpose of collecting this information is to help evaluate impacts of Canadian Government programs to educate and raise awareness on the value of intellectual property.