Economic accounts

Description:

This research paper explores the productivity gap between Canada and the United States. It constructs a North American frontier for the business sector and manufacturing sectors based on data from the two countries.

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This article examines financial markets, business investment, household spending, interest rates, taxes, the job market and other economic developments in Canada and around the world in 2002. These factors are seen against longer-term trends in our society, such as an aging population and the increasing education of women.

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Productivity growth in Canada (PGC), is the reference publication on productivity in Canada. The objective of this publication is twofold: a) to illustrate the importance of productivity trends on the changes in living standards in Canada and, b) to measure the productivity performance of the Canadian economy in comparison with the United States, in particular. PGC includes articles on productivity and related issues and serves as a vehicle to understanding the sources underlying economic growth in Canada.

Description: In the 1997 edition, new and revised benchmarks were introduced for 1992 and 1988. The indicators are used to monitor supply, demand and employment for tourism in Canada on a timely basis. The annual tables are derived using the National Income and Expenditure Accounts (NIEA) and various industry and travel surveys. Tables providing actual data and percentage changes, for seasonally adjusted current and constant price estimates are included. In addition, an analytical section provides graphs, and time series of first differences, percentage changes, and seasonal factors for selected indicators. Data are published from 1987 and the publication will be available on the day of release. New data are included in the demand tables for non-tourism commodities produced by non-tourism industries and in the employment tables covering direct tourism employment generated by non-tourism industries. This product was commissioned by the Canadian Tourism Commission to provide annual updates for the Tourism Satellite Account.

Description:

Businesses today are involved in a variety of practices aimed at preventing or reducing environmental degradation generated from their production activity. During the 1990s, the environmental regulation context changed. Increasingly, governments have relied on voluntary initiatives undertaken by businesses to reduce pollutants and waste, as opposed to regulations. However, at the same time, the federal authorities have undertaken to revise the Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA), in order to increase federal power for environmental regulation but with strong emphasis put on promoting pollution prevention. Consequently, businesses today are looking at alternative ways to limit impacts from their operations on the environment.

Environmental Management and Technologies in the Business Sector presents a profile of business demand for environmental processes and technologies, pollution prevention methods and environmental practices, such as environmental management systems and voluntary actions. What types of treatment processes are the most popular ones for reducing gas emissions, liquid, solid and hazardous waste, noise, radiation and vibration, for saving energy or for site reclamation? What is the market for environmental processes and technologies? What pollution prevention methods are used more frequently? What additional environmental practices have businesses adopted (for instance, are voluntary programs more popular than eco-labelling?)?

This paper is based on results from the Survey of Environmental Protection Expenditures. For the first time, the survey asked detailed questions on the type of environmental process or technology used and the adoption of environmental practices. The paper is a complement to both 1996-1997 and 1998 Environmental Protection Expenditures in the Business Sector reports (Catalogue no. 16F0006XIE).

Description:

Like most statistical agencies, Statistics Canada publishes three Gross Domestic Product (GDP) series. These are the output-based GDP, the income-based GDP and the expenditure-based GDP. This document is aimed at describing the concepts, definitions, classifications and statistical methods underlying the output-based GDP series, also known as GDP by industry or simply monthly GDP.

The report is organized into seven chapters. Chapter 1 defines what GDP by industry is, describes its various uses and how it connects with the other components of the Canadian System of National Accounts. Chapter 2 deals with the calculation of the GDP by industry estimates. Chapter 3 examines industry and commodity classification schemes. Chapter 4 discusses the subject of deflation. The choice of deflators, the role of the base year and the method of rebasing are all addressed in this chapter. Chapter 5 looks at such technical issues as benchmarking, trading day and seasonal adjustment. Chapter 6 is devoted to the presentation of the GDP by industry, detailing the format, release dates and modes of dissemination, as well as the need and the frequency of revising the estimates. Finally, Chapter 7 reviews the historical development of monthly GDP from 1926 to the present.

Description:

The Provincial Economic Accounts will adopt the Fisher Volume Index, chained annually, as the official measure of real expenditure-based GDP. This change will be incorporated into the affected series back to 1981.

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As of November 7, 2002 the Provincial Economic Accounts estimates will incorporate a change related to trade.

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As of September 30, 2002 the monthly GDP by industry estimates will incorporate the Chain Fisher formula. This change will be applied from January 1997 and will be pushed back to January 1961 within a year.

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The definition of the Information and communications technologies (ICT) sector will be modified to conform more closely to the international standard developed by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Specifically, libraries and the retailing of ICT commodities will be removed from the aggregation, but due to data limitations we will not include the repair of ICT equipment in our aggregation. The estimates will be reworked back to January 1997.

Description: This table contains 684 series, with data for years 1984 - 1986 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years). This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (11 items: Newfoundland and Labrador; New Brunswick; Nova Scotia; Prince Edward Island ...) Prices (2 items: Current dollars; 1981 constant dollars ...) Industry (35 items: Agricultural and related services industries; Fishing and trapping industries; Logging and forestry industries; Mining; quarrying and oil well industries ...).

Description: This table contains 15 series, with data for years 1926 - 1990 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years), and was last released on 2000-02-19. This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (15 items: Canada; Newfoundland and Labrador; Nova Scotia; Prince Edward Island ...), Transfer payments (1 items: Government transfer payments to persons ...).

Description: This table contains 15 series, with data for years 1926 - 1989 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years), and was last released on 2000-02-19. This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (1 items: Canada ...), Type of industry (15 items: Total industries; Forestry; Agriculture; Fishing and trapping ...).

Description: This table contains 15 series, with data for years 1926 - 1989 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years), and was last released on 2000-02-19. This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (1 items: Canada ...), Type of industry (15 items: Total industries; Fishing and trapping; Agriculture; Forestry ...).

Description: This table contains 44 series, with data for years 1926 - 1990 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years), and was last released on 2000-02-19. This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (15 items: Canada; Prince Edward Island; Nova Scotia; Newfoundland and Labrador ...), Type of income (3 items: Personal income; Personal disposable income; Personal income per person ...).

Description: This table contains 14 series, with data for years 1926 - 1990 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years), and was last released on 2000-02-19. This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (14 items: Canada; Nova Scotia; Prince Edward Island; Newfoundland and Labrador ...), Investment income (1 items: Interest; dividends and miscellaneous investment income of persons ...).

Description:

This table contains 14 series, with data for years 1926 - 1990 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years), and is no longer being released. This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (14 items: Canada; Newfoundland and Labrador; Prince Edward Island; Nova Scotia; ...);  Net income (1 item: Net income received by farm operators).

Description: This table contains 14 series, with data for years 1926 - 1990 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years), and was last released on 2000-02-19. This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (14 items: Canada; Newfoundland and Labrador; Nova Scotia; Prince Edward Island ...), Net income (1 items: Net income of non-farm unincorporated business including rent ...).

Description: This table contains 47 series, with data for years 1926 - 1946 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years), and was last released on 2000-02-19. This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (1 items: Canada ...), Consumer goods and services (47 items: Food and non-alcoholic beverages; Alcoholic beverages; Food; beverages and tobacco; Total goods and services ...).

Description: This table contains 15 series, with data for years 1926 - 1990 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years), and was last released on 2000-02-19. This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (15 items: Canada; Nova Scotia; Newfoundland and Labrador; Prince Edward Island ...).

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This publication examines growth in gross domestic product across provinces, using data on interest rates, exports and imports.

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This index measures the share of industries experiencing an increase in GDP over a given time span. It closely tracks the monthly change in GDP but is not a reliable guide to what is about to occur in the economy.

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This summary of Canada's economic growth in 2003 also examines economic data from the last decade.

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This article focus on the reasons for the recent sharp shift in Canada's terms of trade and the distributional effects on the economy, which have already been considerable. We also look to the recent American experience with a sharply rising dollar as a guide to how different sectors of the economy could gain or lose from these changes. The terms of international trade - defined as the ratio of our export prices to import prices - shifted in favour of importers at the expenses of exporters.

Description:

Since 2000, a time when international export markets were weak, Canada's provincial and territorial economies have increased their reliance on interprovincial exports as a key source of economic growth. This is a marked contrast to the 1992 to 2000 period when international sales grew at a rapid rate and outpaced the gains in interprovincial exports. This article examines the performance of international and interprovincial exports for the Canadian provinces and territories during the last decade with a focus on the more recent period (2000 to 2002).

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The reconciled estimates are intended to show how the current account estimates would appear if both countries used the same definitions, methodologies, and data sources.

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This study compares Canada and Australia with respect to living standards; labour productivity and utilization; and underlying sources of labour productivity growth.

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This paper examines the role of better inventory control in the steadier growth of the economy in the 1990s. It also looks at the reduction of sales in the economy-wide ratio of inventories and the sectors involved in this decline.

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This document contains historical analysis of the provincial and territorial economies from 1981 to 2002. It looks at their structural changes from the perspectives of the evolution of industries and the different components of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP).

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This document contains five articles providing historical analysis of the provincial and territorial economies from 1981 to 2002. It looks at their structural changes from the perspectives of the evolution of industries and the different components of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP).

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These educational resources provide instructors with innovative materials, lesson plans and case study assignments based on environmental statistics produced by Statistics Canada. Resources have been developed for educators at the elementary, high school and post-secondary levels.

Curriculum links include grades 1 to 12 geography, social studies, biology, mathematics, science and economics, as well as introductory post-secondary geography and environmental science.

Description:

Results of the redesigned Capital and Repair Expenditures Survey were released on May 4, 2015. With this redesign, macroeconomic accounting adjustments that were previously applied to the survey results, to better align with System of National Accounts (SNA) concepts, will no longer be made. This note provides users with an overview of the concepts of capital expenditure and gross fixed capital formation (GFCF) and the adjustments that are needed in order to bring capital expenditure in line with the SNA concept of GFCF.

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Estimates of the underground economy by province and territory for the period 2007 to 2012 are now available for the first time. The objective of this technical note is to explain how the methodology employed to derive upper-bound estimates of the underground economy for the provinces and territories differs from that used to derive national estimates.

Description:

The Canadian System of Macroeconomic Accounts (CSMA) is a source of invaluable information for business, governments and citizens. These accounts provide users with important insights into the inner-workings of the economy, current economic trends and interactions between the various sectors of the economy. In order for these accounts to remain relevant, the underlying concepts, methods, classification systems and data sources need to be periodically updated.

Description:

Oil and gas exploration, development and production activities continue to grow in importance, making it essential that the appropriate level and growth of these activities are included in the measure of Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Statistics Canada recently began incorporating results from the Quarterly Survey of Capital Expenditures – Oil and Gas Activities in sub-annual GDP statistics (for years 2011, 2013, 2014). This note provides a brief overview of the survey and the incorporation of its results when estimating quarterly investment.

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An overview of the Canadian Government Finance Statistics (CGFS) framework; how it relates to other government statistics such as the Canadian System of Macroeconomic Accounts and the Public Accounts; and the new GFS data products available to users

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Beginning in November 2014, International Trade in goods data will be provided on a Balance of Payments (BOP) basis for additional country detail. In publishing this data, BOP-based exports to and imports from 27 countries, referred to as Canada’s Principal Trading Partners (PTPs), will be highlighted for the first time. BOP-based trade in goods data will be available for countries such as China and Mexico, Brazil and India, South Korea, and our largest European Union trading partners, in response to substantial demand for information on these countries in recent years. Until now, Canada’s geographical trading patterns have been examined almost exclusively through analysis of Customs-based trade data. Moreover, BOP trade in goods data for these countries will be available alongside the now quarterly Trade in Services data as well as annual Foreign Direct Investment data for many of these Principal Trading Partners, facilitating country-level international trade and investment analysis using fully comparable data. The objective of this article is to introduce these new measures. This note will first walk users through the key BOP concepts, most importantly the concept of change in ownership. This will serve to familiarize analysts with the Balance of Payments framework for analyzing country-level data, in contrast to Customs-based trade data. Second, some preliminary analysis will be reviewed to illustrate the concepts, with provisional estimates for BOP-based trade with China serving as the principal example. Lastly, we will outline the expansion of quarterly trade in services to generate new estimates of trade for the PTPs and discuss future work in trade statistics.

Description:

The methodology for estimating the Flows and Stocks of Fixed Capital has been redeveloped to ensure greater coherence of the capital stock program within the Canadian System of Macroeconomic Accounts (CSMA). This is done by incorporating investment flows directly from the CSMA on a detailed industry/asset basis. The data released will be based on the input-output final demand classification, with updated per asset depreciation profiles and prices.

Description:

Canadian international merchandise trade data are released monthly and may be revised in subsequent releases as new information becomes available. These data are released approximately 35 days following the close of the reference period and represent one of the timeliest economic indicators produced by Statistics Canada. Given their timeliness, some of the data are not received in time and need to be estimated or modelled. This is the case for imports and exports of crude petroleum and natural gas. More specifically, at the time of release, energy trade data are based on an incomplete set of information and are revised as Statistics Canada and National Energy Board information becomes available in the subsequent months. Due to the increasing importance of energy imports and exports and the timeliness of the data, the revisions to energy prices and volumes are having an increasingly significant impact on the monthly revision to Canada’s trade balance. This note explains how the estimates in the initial release are made when data sources are not yet available, and how the original data are adjusted in subsequent releases.

Description:

These educational resources provide instructors with innovative materials, lesson plans and case study assignments to accompany the 2013 release of the Human Activity and the Environment article, “Measuring ecosystem goods and services in Canada.” The materials and activities were developed by the Critical Thinking Consortium, a non-profit, registered association of 55 educational partners—school districts, schools, teacher associations and other educational organizations.

Resources were developed for a junior high school, senior high school and introductory post-secondary audience. Curriculum links include grades 7 to 12 geography, social studies, biology, science and economics, as well as introductory post-secondary geography and environmental science.