Business performance and ownership

Description: Percentage of enterprises that took measures to overcome skill shortages, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and enterprise size, based on a one-year observation period. Measures include outsourcing work in Canada, offshoring of labour, targeted recruitment process, student hiring, training staff, retention strategy, acquisition of external businesses, global talent attraction, other government programs, and other measures.

Description: Percentage of enterprises that arranged training or development activities to employees, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and enterprise size, based on a one-year observation period. Training and development activities include job specific training, managerial training, training in new technology, training in new business practices, training in international business, digital skill training, data literacy skill training, coaching and mentoring for employees, and other training or development.

Description: Percentage of enterprises that had arrangements with other business entities outside Canada for them to perform manufacturing, processing, or assembly work according to the specifications provided by these enterprises or on behalf of their clients, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and enterprise size, based on a one-year observation period.

Description: Percentage of enterprises that performed manufacturing, processing, or assembly work according to the specifications provided by non-Canadian clients, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and enterprise size, based on a one-year observation period.

Description: Percentage of enterprises that owned any of intellectual property assets in Canada or outside of Canada, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) and enterprise size. Intellectual property assets include patents, trademarks, industrial design, trade secrets, copyrights, non-disclosure agreements, and other types of intellectual property.

Description: Percentage of enterprises that have a corporate diversity strategy, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) and enterprise size.

Description:

Percentage of enterprises that used specific types of advanced or emerging technologies, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and enterprise size, based on a one-year observation period. Advanced technologies include material handling, supply chain or logistics technologies; design or information control technologies; processing or fabrication technologies; clean technologies; security or advanced authentication systems; business intelligence technologies; and other types of advanced technologies. Emerging technologies include nanotechnology, biotechnology, geomatics or geospatial technologies, artificial intelligence (AI), integrated Internet of Things (IoT) systems, blockchain technologies, and other types of emerging technologies.

Description:

Percentage of enterprises that did not adopt or use advanced technologies for specific reasons, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and enterprise size, based on a one-year observation period. Reasons for not adopting or using advanced technologies include not convinced of economic benefit; difficulty in obtaining financing; high cost of advanced technologies; investment not necessary for continuing operations; lack of technical skills required to support this type of investment; organizational culture too inflexible; decisions made by parent, affiliates or subsidiary businesses; lack of technical support or services (from consultants or vendors); lack of information regarding advanced technology; difficulty in integrating new advanced technologies with existing systems, standards and processes; other reasons for not adopting or using advanced technologies; and adoption or use of advanced technologies not applicable to this business’s activities.

Description: Percentage of enterprises where the use of clean technologies was related to environmental protection, sustainable resource management or adapted goods, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code and enterprise size, based on a one-year observation period. Environmental protection includes air and environment protection or remediation; waste management, reduction or recycling; and water or wastewater treatment. Sustainable resource management includes alternative fuels; non-emitting energy supply; bio-products; smart grid; energy storage; energy management and efficiency improvements; water management or recycling; agriculture, aquaculture, forestry or biodiversity improvements; and sustainable mining. Adapted goods include energy-efficient transportation, energy-efficient equipment or appliances, and advanced or lightweight materials.

Description:

This table presents experimental counts of businesses that open, close, or continue their operations each month for various levels of geographic and industry detail across Canada going back to January 2015. The data are available as series that are adjusted for seasonality. The level of geographic detail includes national, provincial and territorial, as well as census metropolitan areas (CMA). The data are also broken down by two-digit North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) with some common aggregations, including one for the total business sector for national, provincial and territorial levels of geography.

Description: The need for alternative data sources is of growing importance for both supplementing Statistics Canada's data holdings and for nowcasting economic activity. In response to this need, Statistics Canada initiated the development of a Real-time Local Business Conditions Index (RT-LBCI). The index brings together data from a few different sources, including Google's Places API (containing data on temporary and permanent businesses closures), TomTom Real-time traffic API (road traffic data), as well as information from Statistics Canada data holdings (monthly retail and wholesale, Business Register, etc.). The project aims to compute a near real-time index of economic activity in Canadian major cities.

Description:

This table contains 27 series, with data starting from 1981 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years). This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (1 item: Canada); Type of currency (27 items: Australian dollar, daily average; Brazilian real, daily average; Chinese renminbi, daily average; European euro, daily average; ...).

Description:

The RT-LBCI is released as an experimental statistic. It is intended to provide a real-time signal on business activities following the disruptions brought about by the pandemic and through the recovery phase.

Description: This table contains 71 series, with data starting from 1934 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years). This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (1 items: Canada ...), Rates (71 items: Bank rate; last Tuesday or last Thursday; Bank rate; Chartered bank administered interest rates - prime business; Chartered bank - consumer loan rate ...).

Description: This table contains 38 series, with data starting from 1957 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years). This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (1 item: Canada), Rates (38 items: Bank rate; Chartered bank administered interest rates - prime business; Chartered bank - consumer loan rate; Forward premium or discount (-), United States dollars in Canada: 1 month; ...).

Description: This table contains 8 series, with data starting from 1992 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years). This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (1 item: Canada), Rates (8 items: Bank rate; Treasury bill auction - average yields: 3 month; Treasury bill auction - average yields: 6 month; Treasury bill auction - average yields: 1 year; ...).

Description: The Extractive Sector Transparency Measures Act (ESTMA) Data Portal is a collaboration between Statistics Canada and Natural Resources Canada, which administers the ESTMA. The ESTMA helps the Government of Canada deter corruption in the extractive sector by requiring extractive entities that are active in Canada to publicly disclose, on an annual basis, certain types of payments made to governments in Canada and abroad. The goal of the data portal is to increase the accessibility and utility of the payment information collected under the ESTMA by bringing together all available ESTMA data in one online location, and further enriching the payment data with analytical functions that help users to leverage the complete ESTMA dataset. The database has also been designed with mobility in mind to ensure that users and stakeholders have mobile access to ESTMA data.

Description:

This table contains 661 series, with data starting from 1981 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years). This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (19 items: Canada, provinces and international; Newfoundland and Labrador; Prince Edward Island; Nova Scotia; ...) ; Assets and liabilities (36 items: Bank notes and coin other than gold and silver bullion; Securities issued or guaranteed by a Canadian province; Securities issued or guaranteed by a Canadian municipal or school corporation; Other securities; ...).

Description: This table contains 6 series, with data starting from 1951 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years). This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (1 items: Canada ...), Type of reserve (6 items: Convertible foreign currencies; other than United States; Total; Canada's official international reserves; Gold; Convertible foreign currencies; United States dollars ...).

Description:

This table contains 27 series, with data starting from 1981 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years). This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (1 item: Canada) Type of currency (27 items: Australian dollar, monthly average; Brazilian real, monthly average; Chinese renminbi, monthly average; European euro, monthly average; ...).

Description:

Understanding the importance of the dynamic entry process in the Canadian economy involves measuring size of entry. The main purpose of this paper is to summarize the information we have on the amount of entry in Canada.

The paper also fulfils another purpose. Some studies have focused on cross-country comparisons (Geroski and Schwalbach 1991; OECD 2001). Interpretation of the results of these studies is difficult unless methodological issues regarding how entry is measured are addressed. Without an understanding of the extent to which different databases produce different results, international comparisons are difficult to evaluate. Cross-country comparisons that are derived from extremely different data sources may be misleading because of the lack of comparability.

Since there is more than one reliable database that can be used to estimate entry in Canada, this paper asks how measured entry rates vary across different Canadian databases. By examining the difference in entry rates produced by these databases, we provide an estimate of the range or confidence interval that should be used in evaluating whether there are real differences in measured entry rates across countries. We also offer guidance as to the questions that should be asked about the databases used by researchers who conduct international studies. Finally, we make suggestions as to areas of comparison on which international studies should focus.

Description:

This paper investigates the financial characteristics of new small firms. The analysis develops a representative, small-firm financial profile and evaluates the extent to which the proportionate use of different instruments and sources is correlated with industry-level and firm-specific characteristics. Multivariate methods are then used to examine relationships among financial structure, R&D intensity, and innovation.

Our results suggest that relationships between knowledge intensity and capital structure are bidirectional. After a range of industry- and firm-level covariates are controlled for, firms that devote a higher percentage of their investment expenditure to R&D also exhibit fewer debt-intensive structures. Conversely, debt-intensive structures also act to constrain investments in R&D. These relationships, however, depend upon the type of debt in the asset mix. It is the share of long-term debt to total assets that is negatively related to investments in knowledge.

Description:

This paper examines small producers in the Canadian and U.S. manufacturing sectors in terms of output and employment from the early 1970s to the late 1990s.

Description:

This report covers the activities of Canadian multinationals companies abroad. It analyses which industries predominate and where foreign affiliate sales originate.

Description:

According to the report Profile of Spin-off Firms in the Biotechnology Sector, three out of every 10 companies in Canada's rapidly expanding biotechnology sector in 1999 were spin-offs. These firms, which range from corporate spin-offs to biotechnology companies created by universities and research hospitals, accounted for more than one-quarter of total revenues in 1999.

Description:

This paper studies changes in diversification of firms and plants since the early 1970s in the Canadian manufacturing sector. It finds that there has been a general increase in specialization of both firms and plants. Firms have been continuously reducing the span of industries in which they operate, particularly when the industries are unrelated. Commodity specialization has also occurred at the plant level; however, in contrast to industry specialization, the pace of commodity specialization increased emerged late in the period, around the time of implementation of the Free Trade Agreement between Canada and the United States. Plant specialization increased most in those plants that moved most strongly into export markets.

Description:

This article presents a general statistical profile of the life and health insurance industry amidst a rapidly changing financial services landscape in Canada. The economic performance of the industry is analyzed in terms of economic output, employment and industrial structure over a ten-year period from 1988 to 1998.

Description:

This study examines provincial differences in productivity (GDP per job) using decomposition and regression analysis. In the first stage of the study, the relative size of productivity differences across provinces is examined. Then, these differences are decomposed into two components - the first is the portion of the difference that arises from industry-mix, and the second is due to "real" productivity differences at the industry level. The paper also examines the contributions of the "new" and "old" economy sectors to differences in provincial productivity. Finally, regression analysis is performed in order to determine the statistical significance of interprovincial productivity differences. The paper finds that British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Ontario and Quebec do not differ significantly from another in terms of GDP per job after differences in industry mix are considered. Manitoba and the Atlantic Provinces lag behind the others. Most of the difference in the latter two cases stems from "real" differences at the industry level rather than from the effect of differences in industry mix. The Natural Resources sector plays an important role in bolstering the performance of Alberta and Saskatchewan.

Description:

This release provides data on the research and development activities of the private non-profit sector. Although the contribution of this sector to the national R&D effort is small in dollar terms, its impact, particularly in the university sector, is significant. Questionnaires were mailed to 95 private non-profit organizations thought to be supporting research and development activities. Twenty-two organizations reported performing research and development.

Description:

This paper documents the changing geography of the Canadian manufacturing sector over a twenty-two year period (1976-1997). It does so by looking at the shifts in employment, as well as other measures of industrial change, across different levels of the rural/urban hierarchy - central cities, adjacent suburbs, medium and small cities, and rural areas.

The analysis demonstrates that the most dramatic shifts in manufacturing employment were from the central cities of large metropolitan regions to their suburbs. Paralleling trends in the United States, rural regions of Canada have increased their share of manufacturing employment. Rising rural employment shares were due to declining employment shares of small cities and, to lesser degree, large urban regions. Increasing rural employment was particularly prominent in Quebec, where employment shifted away from the Montreal region. By way of contrast, Ontario's rural regions only maintained their share of employment and the Toronto region increased its share of provincial employment over the period. The changing fortunes of rural and urban areas was not the result of across-the-board shifts in manufacturing employment, but was the net outcome of differing locational patterns across industries.

Change across the rural/urban hierarchy is also measured in terms of wage and productivity levels, diversity, and volatility. In contrast to the United States, wages and productivity in Canada do not consistently decline moving down the rural/urban hierarchy from the largest cities to the most rural parts of the country. Only after controlling for the types of manufacturing industries found in rural and urban regions is it apparent that wages and productivity decline with the size of place. The analysis also demonstrates that over time most rural and urban regions are diversifying across a wider variety of manufacturing industries and that shifts in employment shares across industries - a measure of economic instability - has for some rural/urban classifications increased modestly.

Description: Rural Canada Non-Profits (RCNP) is a database that provides estimates of Non-Profit Organization (NPO) counts, total revenue and total employment in Canada. This document presents the data sources, methods and classification concepts used in the production of the RCNP.

Description:

The North American Product Classification System (NAPCS) is the departmental standard for the classification of products (goods and services). The classification is a joint project of the national statistical agencies of Canada, Mexico and the United States. NAPCS is used to produce product statistics on a variety of topics, including the value of outputs of industries, the consumption by businesses and households, the value of imports and exports, and the movement of industrial and raw material prices. NAPCS Canada comprises definitions for all categories that include a descriptive text, as well as illustrative examples, inclusions and exclusions where appropriate.

Email: statcan.csds-standardsproducts-cnsd-normesproduits.statcan@statcan.gc.ca

Description:

The mandate of the Analytical Studies Branch (ASB) is to provide high-quality, relevant and timely information on economic, health and social issues that are important to Canadians. The branch strategically makes use of expert knowledge and a large range of statistical sources to describe, draw inferences from, and make objective and scientifically supported deductions about the evolving nature of the Canadian economy and society. Research questions are addressed by applying leading-edge methods, including microsimulation and predictive analytics using a range of linked and integrated administrative and survey data. In supporting greater access to data, ASB linked data are made available to external researchers and policy makers to support evidence-based decision making. Research results are disseminated by the branch using a range of mediums (i.e., research papers, studies, infographics, videos, and blogs) to meet user needs. The branch also provides analytical support and training, feedback, and quality assurance to the wide range of programs within and outside Statistics Canada.

Description:

The Chart of Accounts comprises a balance sheet, an income statement and selected other accounts. The balance sheet provides information on the financial position of a business. The income statement provides information on the performance of a business. The elements of the balance sheet are assets, liabilities and equity. The elements of the income statement are revenues; expenses; gains/losses, corporate taxes and other items; and extraordinary gains/losses, non-recurring items and adjustments.

Description:

This paper provides an overview of the productivity program at Statistics Canada and a brief description of Canada's productivity performance. The paper defines productivity and the various measures that are used to investigate different aspects of productivity growth. It describes the difference between partial productivity measures (such as labour productivity) and a more complete measure (multifactor productivity) and the advantages and disadvantages of each. The paper explains why productivity is important. It outlines how productivity growth fits into the growth accounting framework and how this framework is used to examine the various sources of economic growth. The paper briefly discusses the challenges that face statisticians in measuring productivity growth. It also provides an overview of Canada's long-term productivity performance and compares Canada to the United States - both in terms of productivity levels and productivity growth rates.

Description:

This newsletter is a brief description of projects within the Business and Labour Market Analysis Division of Statistics Canada. The research covers a wide range of topics including labour market issues, low income, immigration, business firm dynamics, pensions, productivity, technology and innovation, as well as economic geography.

Description:

This product contains presentations done at Statistics Canada's annual Economic Conference which provides a forum for the exchange of empirical research among the business, government, research and labour communities. The conference is also a means to promote economic and socio-economic analysis while subjecting existing data to critical assessment as part of an ongoing process of statistical development and review.

Description:

This activity is designed to show students some of the changes affecting Prairie agriculture over the past 100 years, and how Prairie farmers have adapted to them.

Description:

This paper discusses the approach that Statistics Canada has taken to improve the quality of annual business surveys through their integration in the Unified Enterprise Survey (UES). The primary objective of the UES is to measure the final annual sales of goods and services accurately by province, in sufficient detail and in a timely manner.

This paper describes the methodological approaches that the UES has used to improve financial and commodity data quality in four broad areas. These include improved coherence of the data collected from different levels of the enterprise, better coverage of industries, better depth of information (in the sense of more content detail and estimates for more detailed domains) and better consistency of the concepts and methods across industries.

The approach, in achieving quality, has been to (a) establish a base measure of the quality of the business survey program prior to the UES, (b) measure the annual data quality of the UES, and (c) carry out specific studies to better understand the quality of UES data and methods.

Description:

These papers consist of research related to business and trade statistics.