Languages

Description: This publication brings together and analyzes a wide range of data sources in order to provide information on various aspects of Canadian society, including labour, income, education, social, and demographic issues, that affect the lives of Canadians.

Description: This thematic series groups different statistical products related to ethnicity, languages, and immigration. It features analytical documents of varying scopes, such as population profiles, reference materials, data products (including tables and factsheets), among other document types.

Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin

Description: This study provides an overview of how minority official languages are integrated into child care services across Canada, using data from three sources. Data from the 2022 Survey on the Official Language Minority Population (SOLMP) provides information on the participation in minority official language child care among children eligible for instruction in the minority official language and their educational pathways from early childhood to primary school. Data from the 2022 Canadian Survey on the Provision of Child Care Services (CSPCCS) is used to highlight the use of minority official languages within child care facilities, while data from the 2021 Census of Population offers insights into language use among child care workers.

Description: Official language of daycare and reasons for attending, by elementary school language and type of program, age group and gender, for Canada, Quebec, Canada outside Quebec, by provinces and select regions, among sub-populations of children in a minority official language situation, 2022.

Description: Preference for daycare in the minority official language, by elementary school language and type of program, age group and gender, for Canada, Quebec, Canada outside Quebec, by provinces and select regions, among sub-populations of children in a minority official language situation, 2022.

Description: Frequency of using the minority official language in public, by language in which the person is most at ease to speak, ease of using the minority language in the community, official languages spoken at home, gender, age group and immigrant status, among adults in the official language minority population, 2022.

Description: Language spoken in public in various situations, by official language in which the person is most at ease to speak, official languages spoken at home, gender, age and immigrant status, among adults in the official language minority population, 2022.

Description: This interactive dashboard allows users to visualize the breakdown of speakers of some of the most frequent languages spoken in Canada in 2021 by age group, generation status, place of residence and languages spoken at home.

Description: Infographic displaying poverty rates for French/English bilingual populations by mother tongue and region of residence.

Description:

This table is part of the topic "Language Use at Work," which presents data on the language used most often at work, as well as on any other languages used at work on a regular basis, by mother tongue and other sociocultural characteristics. These data were collected for a sample comprising 20% of the Canadian population.

This data table can be found in Topic Bundle: Language Use at Work, 2001 Census, Catalogue No. 97F0016XCB2001000.

It is also possible to subscribe to all the day-of-release bundles. Refer to Catalogue No. 97F0023XCB for more information.

This table is available FREE on the Internet, Catalogue No. 97F0016XIE2001001.

Description:

This table is part of the topic "Language Use at Work," which presents data on the language used most often at work, as well as on any other languages used at work on a regular basis, by mother tongue and other sociocultural characteristics. These data were collected for a sample comprising 20% of the Canadian population.

This data table can be found in Topic Bundle: Language Use at Work, 2001 Census, Catalogue No. 97F0016XCB2001000.

It is also possible to subscribe to all the day-of-release bundles. Refer to Catalogue No. 97F0023XCB for more information.

This table is available FREE on the Internet, Catalogue No. 97F0016XIE2001002.

Description:

This table is part of the topic "Language Use at Work," which presents data on the language used most often at work, as well as on any other languages used at work on a regular basis, by mother tongue and other sociocultural characteristics. These data were collected for a sample comprising 20% of the Canadian population.

It is possible to subscribe to all the day-of-release bundles. Refer to Catalogue No. 97F0023XCB for more information.

Description:

This table is part of the topic "Language Use at Work," which presents data on the language used most often at work, as well as on any other languages used at work on a regular basis, by mother tongue and other sociocultural characteristics. These data were collected for a sample comprising 20% of the Canadian population.

This data table can be found in Topic Bundle: Language Use at Work, 2001 Census, Catalogue No. 97F0016XCB2001000.

It is also possible to subscribe to all the day-of-release bundles. Refer to Catalogue No. 97F0023XCB for more information.

This table is available FREE on the Internet, Catalogue No. 97F0016XIE2001004.

Description:

This table is part of the topic "Language Use at Work," which presents data on the language used most often at work, as well as on any other languages used at work on a regular basis, by mother tongue and other sociocultural characteristics. These data were collected for a sample comprising 20% of the Canadian population.

This data table can be found in Topic Bundle: Language Use at Work, 2001 Census, Catalogue No. 97F0016XCB2001000.

It is also possible to subscribe to all the day-of-release bundles. Refer to Catalogue No. 97F0023XCB for more information.

This table is available FREE on the Internet, Catalogue No. 97F0016XIE2001005.

Description:

This table is part of the topic "Language Use at Work," which presents data on the language used most often at work, as well as on any other languages used at work on a regular basis, by mother tongue and other sociocultural characteristics. These data were collected for a sample comprising 20% of the Canadian population.

This data table can be found in Topic Bundle: Language Use at Work, 2001 Census, Catalogue No. 97F0016XCB2001000.

It is also possible to subscribe to all the day-of-release bundles. Refer to Catalogue No. 97F0023XCB for more information.

This table is available FREE on the Internet, Catalogue No. 97F0016XIE2001006.

Description:

These data tables present 2001 Census highlights on "language use at work".

The tables were available on the official day of release for each of the census topics at various levels of geography. The data tables present information highlights through key indicators, such as 2001 counts and percentage distribution. They also allow users to perform simple rank and sort functions.

Description:

This topic presents data on the Aboriginal peoples of Canada and their demographic characteristics. These data show the growth of the Aboriginal population, the age characteristics, Aboriginal languages, the living arrangements of Aboriginal children, the geographic mobility of Aboriginal people and where they live. Data are also provided on the North American Indians, Métis and Inuit.

This series includes a number of comprehensive articles that supplement the day-of-release information launched through The Daily. These catalogued articles provide an analytical perspective on the 2001 Census release topics. The number and length of these articles vary for each census release and are based on the 21 census release topics disseminated over 8 major release dates.

More focused articles were disseminated as major releases in The Dailyin the weeks following the official release of the data. Other more specialized articles were also announced in The Daily. The articles in the 2001 Census Analysis Series are available free of charge via the Internet.

Description: This 2001 Census profile shows language, mobility and migration variables.

The profiles provide a statistical overview of various geographic areas based on a large number of detailed variables. Groups of variables, referred to as electronic components of profiles, was made available in each of the eight major releases. Together they form a complete profile.

The profiles are part of the census standard data products, which are data tables extracted from the 2001 Census database.

They contain statistical information about all population, household, dwelling and family characteristics.

Description:

Using 2001 Census data, this profile provides a statistical overview of the languages, mobility and migration variables for census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations, 2001 Census.

On each of the days of release, profile component data will be available for particular topics at the Canada, province/territory, census division and census subdivision levels. Profile component data for all other standard areas, including census metropolitan areas, census agglomerations, census tracts, federal electoral districts (based on the 1996 Representation Order), dissemination areas and forward sortation areas, will be available approximately four weeks after the initial release.

In the census product line, groups of variables, such as this one, are referred to as electronic components of profiles. These are made available in each of the eight major releases of variables of the census cycle. Together they will form a complete cumulative profile of all the variables for each level of geography, plus one cumulative profile for the dissolved census subdivisions.

Description: This article explores the implications of working in a language other than English or French for immigrants in Canada. It looks at the occupations and industries in which immigrants who use non-official languages on the job are found. Holding other factors constant, it also looks at the impact on employment earnings and the financial returns to education for immigrants who work in languages other than English or French.

Description: This article uses data from the Youth in Transition Survey (YITS) to link the self-rated ability of youth to converse in both English and French at age 21 to the type of language schooling they had received in elementary and high school. YITS collected information on mother tongue, language of school system (at age 15) as well as information (from parents) on whether and when students had been enrolled in some form of immersion, extended or intensive language program. Information was also collected on self-rated ability to converse in French and English. It is therefore possible to look at rates of bilingualism for youth with varying amounts of second-language schooling.

Description:

Aboriginal people are confronted with the fact that many of their languages are disappearing. Over the past 100 years or more, at least 10 once-flourishing languages have become extinct. However, declining trends in the intergenerational transmission of Aboriginal mother tongues are being offset (to a degree) by the fact that Aboriginal languages are increasingly being learned as second language

Description:

Immigrants to Canada must face numerous difficulties during their first years in the country, the two most important being to find an appropriate job and language barrier. But does a better knowledge of official languages increase the chances for an immigrant of occupying a high-skilled job, a job in the intended occupation, a job similar to the one they had before immigrating, a job related to their training or field of study, or to have a higher hourly rate?

In an attempt to answer this question, the data from the Longitudinal Survey of Immigrants to Canada (LSIC) were used. In the LSIC, a cohort of immigrants was interviewed at three points in time being 6 months, 2 years and 4 years after arrival in the country. For this study, we used the information about the job occupied at the time of each interview, as well as the English and French self-assessed spoken ability levels at each of these moments.

Description:

This monograph focuses on the differences in performance on the IALSS tests between people whose mother tongue is French and those whose mother tongue is English in Canada, particularly those living in a minority situation. Various factors are examined with the goal of explaining these differences. Schooling, age, reading and writing habits of everyday life, as well as the living environment explains a large part of the differences between linguistic groups.

Description:

Using data from the 2002 Ethnic Diversity Survey (EDS), this article examines the preservation of ancestral languages by looking at the extent to which allophone immigrants (i.e. those whose mother tongue is neither English nor French) have transmitted their mother tongue to their Canadian-born children. The analysis focuses on the factors associated with the probability of the ancestral language being the respondent's mother tongue, the respondent's ability to speak the ancestral language, and his or her regular use of this language in the home.

Description:

This work is an updated version of a study published under the same title following the population censuses of 1991 and 1996. The text and tables have been adapted to reflect the more complete data from the 2001 Census, in which the usual questions on knowledge of languages, mother tongue, and language spoken 'most often' at home are supplemented by a question on languages spoken 'regularly' at home , and a two-part question on language use at work, that is, the language used 'most often,' and other languages used 'regularly,' in the workplace. This enrichment of the content has allowed us to expand our analysis while remaining true to the initial goal of presenting in a straightfoward manner basic statistics on the country's demolinguistic reality.

Description: This article compares the reading achievement of Canadian 15-year-olds enrolled in immersion and non-immersion programs in English-language school systems in the 10 provinces.

Description: French immersion programs were introduced into Canadian schools in the 1970s to encourage bilingualism across the country. Thirty years later, immersion programs are offered in every province. French-immersion students score significantly higher in reading achievement than non-immersion students. What accounts for this difference?

Description: This report examines the lower reading performance of students from French minority language schools in Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Ontario and Manitoba. It looks at a number of individual, family and community characteristics of students in French and English school systems.

Description: The Survey on the Official Language Minority Population (SOLMP) user guide contains a description of the survey, along with survey concepts and definitions and an overview of the content development. The target and survey populations, the sample design and sample size are described in the Methodology section, while the Data Collection module provides the collection period and instrument, modes of collection, collection and communications strategies and response rates.

Updates to the guide include descriptions of the survey data processing, survey error and weighting, and guidelines for tabulations and analysis. Appendices will provide a listing of questions and variables which changed between the current and previous occasions of the survey, as well as various primers on the survey methodology.

Description: This fact sheet offers a summary of content changes for the 2026 Census specific to the following topics: languages and language of instruction. The tested changes for each topic are explained, along with the resulting approach for 2026.

Description: The Survey on the Official Language Minority Population (SOLMP) user guide contains a description of the survey, along with survey concepts and definitions and an overview of the content development. The target and survey populations, the sample design and sample size are described in the Methodology section. Finally, in the Data Collection module, the collection period and instrument, modes of collection, collection and communications strategies and response rates are provided.

Description: This report presents the results of a study on the estimated number of children eligible for instruction in the minority official language, pursuant to section 23 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, who were classified as ineligible in the 2021 Census because relationships between family members living at different addresses could not be established within this data source. Using other data sources, including previous censuses and administrative data (such as vital statistics and tax data), we were able to establish these family relationships within the 2021 Census. This report presents the methods and data sources used first, then the results by selected regions and age groups.

Description: This video will help you understand the concept of first official language spoken. It explores the usefulness and relevance of the first official language spoken and how it is developed, disseminated and analyzed. You will also learn how the concept of first official language spoken takes into account knowledge of both official languages, mother tongue and language spoken most often at home.

Description: This video will help you understand the question about languages spoken at home and the main concepts and variables that flow from them. You will also learn to understand the differences between the concepts of all languages spoken regularly at home, languages spoken most often at home and other languages spoken regularly at home. It will also help you understand the changes that have been made to the question of languages spoken at home since the last census.

Description: This video will explain the concept of minority official language. It provides information on the new census questions regarding instruction in the minority official language, eligibility for education in minority official language and the usefulness of data on language of instruction for planning purposes.

Description:

This reference guide provides information to help users effectively use and interpret language data from the 2021 Census. This guide contains definitions and explanations of concepts, questions, classifications, data quality and comparability with other sources for this topic.

Description: This reference guide provides information to help users effectively use and interpret instruction in the minority official language data from the 2021 Census. This guide contains definitions and explanations of concepts, questions, classifications, data quality and comparability with other sources for this topic.

Description: This video provides basic information on the census questions on languages used at work and the main concepts and variables derived from them. It explains the concepts of languages used at work, language used most often at work and other languages used regularly at work. It also helps you understand the changes to the questions since the last census and the impact on historical comparability of this data.