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Description: The Technical Guide on Demographic Estimates at Statistics Canada provides detailed descriptions of the most current data sources and methods used by the Centre for demography at Statistics Canada to produce demographic estimates as part of the Demographic estimates program. They comprise postcensal and intercensal population estimates; base population; births and deaths; immigrants; emigrants; returning emigrants; non-permanent residents; interprovincial migration; subprovincial estimates of population and intraprovincial migration; population estimates by age and gender; and census family estimates. A glossary of commonly used terms is available at the end of the guide.

Description: Number and proportion of population in core housing need, by economic family structure, gender, age group and selected demographic characteristics, Canada, provinces and territories.

Description: The focus of this portrait is the analysis of the ethnocultural diversity and socioeconomic outcomes of the South Asian populations in Canada. The portrait uses data from the Census of Population (2001 to 2021), the 2011 National Household Survey, the 2025 Labour Force Survey, and the 2024 Canadian Income Survey. An intersectional approach is used to explore the relationships between multiple diversity measures.

Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin

Description: Demographic and housing indicators by ecological area, every 5 years starting 1971. Includes total population, density of occupied private dwellings, urban/rural distribution, measured in numbers and percentages.

Description: This article first highlights historical trends in the migration of U.S.-born individuals to Canada. It then focuses on U.S.-born immigrants (herein referred to as U.S. immigrants), since they represent the largest portion of the U.S.-born population living in Canada. The article outlines the sociodemographic characteristics of the U.S.-born population in the 2021 Census of population and delves into its labour market and economic outcomes. In particular, the outcomes of the core working-age population (25 to 54 years old) of U.S. immigrants are compared with those of Canadian-born non-immigrants; the total immigrant population; and immigrants from two other G7 countries of birth that are also among the top sources of immigrants to Canada and share English or French as their official language, namely the United Kingdom and France.

Description: This article provides a detailed analysis of the contribution of foreign-born mothers to Canadian births from 1997 to 2024. Trends in the number of and proportion of births to foreign-born mothers are examined, including analysis by the mother's country of origin, age group and mean age at childbearing. International and provincial comparisons are also explored.

Description: The focus of this portrait is the analysis of the sociodemographic and ethnocultural diversity and socioeconomic outcomes of the Arab populations in Canada. The portrait uses data from the Census of Population (2001 to 2021), the 2011 National Household Survey and the 2020 General Social Survey – Social Identity. An intersectional approach is used to explore the relationships between multiple diversity measures.

Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin

Description: This infographic uses data from the 2016 and 2021 Census of Population to provide updated information about the movement of Indigenous people into and out of First Nations reserve communities, with a focus on selected demographic and socioeconomic characteristics.

Description: The Pan-Canadian Education Indicators Program (PCEIP) draws from a wide variety of data sources to provide information on the school-age population, elementary, secondary and postsecondary education, transitions, and labour market outcomes.

PCEIP products include data tables, fact sheets, an interactive dashboard, a data explorer, and a handbook. They present indicators for all of Canada, the provinces, the territories, and include year over year comparisons.

The PCEIP is an ongoing initiative of the Canadian Education Statistics Council, a partnership between Statistics Canada and the Council of Ministers of Education, Canada that provides a set of statistical measures on education systems in Canada.

Description: This interactive dashboard allows users to visualize the breakdown of speakers of some of the most frequent languages spoken in Canada in 2021 by age group, generation status, place of residence and languages spoken at home.

Description: Health-adjusted life expectancy (HALE), by sex, age group, income quintile and geography, annual for the provinces and two-year average for the territories. Estimates are expressed in years and represent the average number of years a person could expect to live in good health based on current health status and mortality conditions.

Description: Number and proportion of population in core housing need, by economic family structure, gender, age group and selected demographic characteristics, Canada, provinces and territories.

Description: Demographic and housing indicators by ecological area, every 5 years starting 1971. Includes total population, density of occupied private dwellings, urban/rural distribution, measured in numbers and percentages.

Description: This interactive chart shows the flow of values from Major field of study to Occupation, or reverse order Occupation to Major field of study. Filter between Major field of study, Occupation, Highest certificate, diploma or degree, Gender, Immigrant status, Location of study and Geographies (Canada, Provinces and Territories).

Description: These interactive charts display various census data or indicators for selected geographies. Clicking a particular area of a chart allows users to customize their view and display different data or indicators.

Description: A data visualization product (interactive dashboard) highlighting the Indigenous languages spoken in Canada. Indicators include: those who can speak an Indigenous language, those who have an Indigenous language as a mother tongue, the Indigenous languages spoken at home, as well as silent and active speakers of an Indigenous language. The indicators are broken down by different levels of geography.

Description: This interactive data visualization tool uses graphs to present social inclusion indicators under the theme of Participation in the labour market. The indicators (participation rate, employment rate, unemployment rate, population in self-employment (unincorporated), population in overqualification situation, youth not in employment, education or training) can be disaggregated by visible minority and selected sociodemographic characteristics. Data are available for Canada, geographical regions of Canada, province or territory and census metropolitan area. This data visualization tool is part of a broader conceptual framework on social inclusion and covers a total of 11 themes. Each theme has a similar interactive visualization tool.

Description: This interactive data visualization tool uses graphs to present social inclusion indicators under the theme Representation in decision-making positions. The indicators (workers in all management occupations, workers in senior management occupation and workers in  specialized middle management occupations) can be disaggregated by visible minority and selected sociodemographic characteristics for the population in private households. Data are available for Canada, geographical regions of Canada, province or territory and census metropolitan area. This data visualization tool is part of a broader conceptual framework on social inclusion and covers a total of 11 themes. Each theme has a similar interactive visualization tool.

Description:

This article examines the characteristics of grandparents in Canada, with a focus on those who share homes with their grandchildren.

Description:

This series includes a number of comprehensive articles that supplement the day-of-release information launched through The Daily. These catalogued articles provide an analytical perspective on the 2001 Census release topics. The number and length of these articles vary for each census release and are based on the 21 census release topics disseminated over 8 major release dates.

More focused articles were disseminated as major releases in The Daily in the weeks following the official release of the data. Other more specialized articles were also announced in The Daily. The articles in the 2001 Census Analysis Series are available free of charge via the Internet.

Description:

This release of the 2001 Census data focuses on the income of Canadian families. The analysis compares median family income in 1980, 1990 and 2000 and examines how the share of family income that comes from government transfers has changed over these two decades. In addition, it provides a detailed description of the distribution of Canadian family income in 2000 and looks at how incomes have changed for families at the high, low, and middle of the income distribution in the past decade. Finally, the report examines low-income among Canada's children and senior population. All of the analyses are done at the national level, but selected variables are examined at the provincial/territorial and census metropolitan area levels.

This series includes a number of comprehensive articles that supplement the day-of-release information launched through The Daily. These catalogued articles provide an analytical perspective on the 2001 Census release topics. The number and length of these articles vary for each census release and are based on the 21 census release topics disseminated over 8 major release dates.

More focused articles were disseminated as major releases in The Dailyin the weeks following the official release of the data. Other more specialized articles were also announced in The Daily. The articles in the 2001 Census Analysis Series are available free of charge via the Internet.

Description:

This topic presents trends on the religious affiliations of Canadians, focusing on the past decade (1991-2001). Information is provided on the size, geographic distribution and selected demographic characteristics of religious denominations.

The same information is available on the segment of the population reporting "No religion".

This series includes a number of comprehensive articles that supplement the day-of-release information launched through The Daily. These catalogued articles provide an analytical perspective on the 2001 Census release topics. The number and length of these articles vary for each census release and are based on the 21 census release topics disseminated over 8 major release dates.

More focused articles were disseminated as major releases in The Dailyin the weeks following the official release of the data. Other more specialized articles were also announced in The Daily. The articles in the 2001 Census Analysis Series are available free of charge via the Internet.

Description:

The goal of this working paper is to assess how well Canada's current method of delineating Census Metropolitan Areas (CMAs) and Census Agglomerations (CAs) reflects the metropolitan nature of these geographic areas according to the facilities and services they provide. The effectiveness of Canada's delineation methodology can be evaluated by applying a functional model to Statistics Canada's CMAs and CAs.

As a consequence of the research undertaken for this working paper, Statistics Canada has proposed lowering the urban core population threshold it uses to define CMAs: a CA will be promoted to a CMA if it has a total population of at least 100,000, of which 50,000 or more live in the urban core. User consultation on this proposal took place in the fall of 2002 as part of the 2006 Census content determination process.

Description:

This topic presents the Canadian labour force trends over the past decade in light of the three key factors that have shaped the nation's workforce: a demand for skills in the face of globalization and the 'knowledge economy'; a working-age population increasingly made up of older persons; and a growing reliance on immigration as a source of skills and labour force growth. Numerous colour maps, charts and tables illustrate the latest provincial, territorial and metropolitan labour force trends observed from the 2001 Census of Population and Housing.

This series includes a number of comprehensive articles that supplement the day-of-release information launched through The Daily. These catalogued articles provide an analytical perspective on the 2001 Census release topics. The number and length of these articles vary for each census release and are based on the 21 census release topics disseminated over 8 major release dates.

More focused articles were disseminated as major releases in The Dailyin the weeks following the official release of the data. Other more specialized articles were also announced in The Daily. The articles in the 2001 Census Analysis Series are available free of charge via the Internet.

Description:

This topic deals with Canadians' journey to work and includes data on workplace location, mode of transportation to work and commuting distance between home and work.

Data from the 2001 Census show that most Canadians work outside the home and that a higher proportion of them is working outside Canada. The data also show that, although the majority of Canadians use their cars to travel to work, more workers, especially in Central Canada, are using public transportation for their daily commute.

All analyses on Canadians' journey to work are available at the national and provincial/territorial levels, as well as for selected census metropolitan areas.

This series includes a number of comprehensive articles that supplement the day-of-release information launched through The Daily. These catalogued articles provide an analytical perspective on the 2001 Census release topics. The number and length of these articles vary for each census release and are based on the 21 census release topics disseminated over 8 major release dates.

More focused articles were disseminated as major releases in The Dailyin the weeks following the official release of the data. Other more specialized articles were also announced in The Daily. The articles in the 2001 Census Analysis Series are available free of charge via the Internet.

Description:

The 2001 Census has made it possible, for the first time, to establish statistics on languages used at work. The analysis of these statistics aims to evaluate, for allophone immigrants in the labour market across the country, the use of English, French and non-official languages. Particular attention is paid to allophone immigrant workers and to anglophone and francophone workers in the province of Quebec, in order to establish whether English or French predominates on the job. The use of languages other than English or French by allophones in the metropolitan areas of Toronto, Montréal and Vancouver is also discussed. In addition, analysis will cover the use of French at work by francophones living outside Quebec. The use of French at work by persons employed in the area referred to as the "Communauté urbaine de Montréal" (i.e., the Montréal area) is compared with the use of French at home by persons residing in that same area.

This series includes a number of comprehensive articles that supplement the day-of-release information launched through The Daily. These catalogued articles provide an analytical perspective on the 2001 Census release topics. The number and length of these articles vary for each census release and are based on the 21 census release topics disseminated over 8 major release dates.

More focused articles were disseminated as major releases in The Dailyin the weeks following the official release of the data. Other more specialized articles were also announced in The Daily. The articles in the 2001 Census Analysis Series are available free of charge via the Internet.

Description:

This theme deals with Canadians'mother tongue and language spoken at home, as well as with their knowledge of English and French. Data from the 2001 Census show, despite an increasingly multilingual Canadian society, that linguistic duality persists. In addition, the theme covers the evolution of English-French bilingualism in the country, and does this for each of the groups that have either English, French or some language other than English or French, as their mother tongue. All of the analyses are done at the province' territory level; some of them are also done at the level of the census metropolitan area.

This series includes a number of comprehensive articles that supplement the day-of-release information launched through The Daily. These catalogued articles provide an analytical perspective on the 2001 Census release topics. The number and length of these articles vary for each census release and are based on the 21 census release topics disseminated over 8 major release dates.

More focused articles were disseminated as major releases in The Dailyin the weeks following the official release of the data. Other more specialized articles were also announced in The Daily. The articles in the 2001 Census Analysis Series are available free of charge via the Internet.

Description:

This Internet report presents the highlights of the mobility and migration data release from the 2001 Census of Population and Housing. Numerous colour maps, charts and tables illustrate the latest interprovincial and intermetropolitan migration trends observed from the published data.

This series includes a number of comprehensive articles that supplement the day-of-release information launched through The Daily. These catalogued articles provide an analytical perspective on the 2001 Census release topics. The number and length of these articles vary for each census release and are based on the 21 census release topics disseminated over 8 major release dates.

More focused articles were disseminated as major releases in The Dailyin the weeks following the official release of the data. Other more specialized articles were also announced in The Daily. The articles in the 2001 Census Analysis Series are available free of charge via the Internet.

Description:

This report contains basic conceptual and data quality information intended to facilitate the use and interpretation of census industry data. It provides an overview of the industry processing cycle, including elements such as regional processing, edit and imputation, and the tabulation of error rates. Notable changes in the industrial classification structure are discussed as well as differences in the coding procedures from the previous census (1996). The report concludes with summary tables that indicate the level of data quality in the 2001 Census industry data.

Description:

This report contains basic conceptual and data quality information intended to facilitate the use and interpretation of census class of worker data. It provides an overview of the class of worker processing cycle including elements such as regional office processing, and edit and imputation. The report concludes with summary tables that indicate the level of data quality in the 2001 Census class of worker data.

Description:

This guide has been developed to help users convey their ideas and suggestions to Statistics Canada regarding the 2001 Census products and services line. It contains a series of questions about specific dissemination issues and topics related to the 2001 Census dissemination strategy. The document covers many aspects of census dissemination. Readers are welcome to focus on sections of particular interest to them. In addition, users are welcome to provide comments on any other census-related issues during this consultation process.

Description:

This report describes the comments received as a result of the 2006 Census questionnaire consultation process. In preparation for the next census, Statistics Canada has continued its tradition of consulting data users and other interested persons for their views on the content of the 2006 Census questionnaire. Based on feedback received during previous consultations, Statistics Canada decided to implement a new integrated consultation approach. With a broader spectrum than just the 2006 Census content, this new model also encouraged discussions on the 2001 Census data dissemination process and different geographic concepts.

This round of consultation was held in two phases. The first phase invited data users to submit their written suggestions. The second phase included meetings with data users to discuss, in greater detail, comments brought forth during the first phase. It allowed for a thorough analysis on data users' specific needs prior to meetings and was instrumental in identifying Statistics Canada's participation. According to the feedback received, data users appreciated this new consultation process.

Consultations on the content of the 2006 Census were held from June to December 2002. Over 75 written submissions were received and more than 25 meetings were organized throughout Canada, totalling approximately 800 comments.

Description:

This guide provides general information on the population group question and on the derivation of the visible minority population in the census. The Guide also discusses the historical comparability of the data on visible minorities.

Description:

This guide provides general information on the concept of religion in the census and to the evolution of the religion question over the past 100 years. The guide discusses the religion classification used in the 1991 and 2001 Censuses and various products of the 2001 Census.

Description:

This guide provides general information on the ethnic origin concept in the census and how the question of ethnicity has changed over time. In addition, the guide discusses the historical comparability of the ethnic origin data.

Description:

This report discusses various aspects of the quality of data on mother tongue, language spoken at home, knowledge of language and language at work. In the 2001 Census questionnaire, there are five questions on these four language categories. These questions, complemented by questions on ethnicity, religious affiliation and immigration, provide an opportunity to study linguistic and cultural characteristics of Canadians. These questions on languages are designed to collect the demolinguistic data. Demolinguistics, a subdiscipline of demography (not of linguistics), involves the demographic analysis of data on languages. Such analysis is useful for our understanding of, for instance, the linguistic diversity of Canadians, the evolution of language groups, or the transmission of mother tongue between generations. For each of the four categories of language questions mentioned above, the report describes briefly the procedures of data collection, some aspects of coverage, the processing stages of the data verification operation and the procedures used for editing and imputing the language variables. Finally, a description on how the data were evaluated will be presented.

Description:

This report provides information on various aspects of the data on mobility and migration. It provides a review of the questions, concepts and definitions, along with a discussion of limitations inherent in the measurement of one-year and five-year mobility and migration in the censuses of Canada. Some background is provided on the processing of mobility data, from collection through to retrieval. The historical comparability of mobility and migration data from 1961 to 2001 is examined in terms of conceptual and processing changes. The analysis of the quality of 2001 data focuses mainly on the quality at the national and provincial level. Where possible, the five-year data and the one-year data are discussed separately.

Description:

This report discusses data quality pertaining to household variables (tenure, household maintainer, owner's major payments and gross rent) and dwelling characteristics (structural type of dwelling, number of rooms, number of bedrooms, period of construction, condition of dwelling and value of dwelling). The report also describes the various aspects of data processing that could impact data quality.