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41. Educating Health Workers: Provincial Results Archived
Articles and reports: 81-595-M2008068
Geography: Canada
Description:
Using major Statistics Canada data sources related to the education and training of Canadians, this publication presents a jurisdictional view of what we currently know on educating health workers to begin to address some critical questions facing Canadians today: Does Canada have enough interested individuals with the right skills who want to work in health? Does it have the infrastructure, capacity, and effective education system to ensure an adequate supply of health workers to meet future health care demands?
As such, this report reveals some important information about what happens before, during and after health education. It focuses on interest in health occupations, the number of students taking and graduating from postsecondary health programs along with their socio-demographic characteristics and those of the faculty teaching these programs, the labour market experiences of recent graduates from these programs - including their mobility after graduation - as well as the ongoing participation of health workers in formal and informal training.
Release date: 2008-10-10
42. International Adult Literacy Survey [Series] Archived
Journals and periodicals: 89-552-M
Geography: Canada
Description:
The International Adult Literacy Survey (IALS) was a seven-country initiative conducted in the fall of 1994. Its goal was to create comparable literacy profiles across national, linguistic and cultural boundaries. Successive waves of the survey now encompass close to 30 countries around the world. This monograph series features detailed studies from the IALS database by literacy scholars and experts in Canada and the United States. The research is primarily funded by Human Resources Development Canada. Monographs focus on current policy issues and cover topics such as adult training, literacy skill match and mismatch in the workplace, seniors' literacy skills and health, literacy and economic security, and many others.
Release date: 2008-07-21
43. Literacy and the Labour Market: Cognitive Skills and Immigrant Earnings Archived
Articles and reports: 89-552-M2008020
Geography: Canada
Description:
Considerable research effort has been devoted to understanding earnings differences between immigrant and Canadian-born workers. Previous studies have established that immigrants typically earn less than Canadian-born workers with the same amount of education and work experience. The low earnings of immigrants are often attributed to the specificity of human capital to the country where it originates - in other words, education or work experience in the country of origin cannot be directly transferred to the host country, resulting in well qualified immigrants holding low paying jobs. Another possibility is that employers in the host country discriminate against immigrants. This paper uses data from the Canadian component of the International Adult Literacy and Skills Survey (IALSS), which includes both standard demographic and labour market information for the Canadian born and immigrants and results from tests of literacy, numeracy and problem-solving skills, to investigate these issues. Interpreting the test scores as direct measurements of cognitive skills, the authors provide a closer examination of explanations for low immigrant earnings than has previously been possible. In addition, the data include more precise information on where education was obtained and age of migration than is available in most previous studies, further enabling scrutiny of immigrant-Canadian born earnings differentials.
Release date: 2008-07-21
44. Literacy and the Labour Market: The Generation of Literacy and Its Impact on Earnings for Native Born Canadians Archived
Articles and reports: 89-552-M2007018
Geography: Canada
Description:
This study examines the distribution of literacy skills in the Canadian economy and the ways in which they are generated. In large part, the generation of literacy skills has to do with formal schooling and parental inputs into their children's education. The nature of literacy generation in the years after individuals have left formal schooling and are in the labour market is also investigated. Once the core facts about literacy in the economy have been established, the study turns to examining the impact of increased literacy on individual earnings. Both the causal impact of literacy on earnings and the joint distribution of literacy and income are explored. The authors argue that the latter provides a more complete measure of how well an individual is able to function in society.
The study focuses mainly on data from the Canadian component of the 2003 International Adult Literacy and Skills Survey (IALSS), composed of a sample of over 22,000 respondents. The Canadian component of the 1994 International Adult Literacy Survey (IALS) is also used in order to obtain a more complete picture of how literacy changes with age and across birth cohorts.
Release date: 2007-11-30
45. Adult Learning: A Comparative Perspective: Results from the Adult Literacy and Life Skills Survey Archived
Articles and reports: 89-552-M2007017
Geography: Canada
Description: This study provides comparative estimates of participation in adult education and training courses and programmes, duration of studies, engagement in informal learning and sources of direct financial support, based on results of the 2003 International Adult Literacy and Skills Survey (IALSS), the Canadian component of the Adult Literacy and Life Skills study. It also examines levels of inequality in adult learning and reasons for participating in adult education and training, including the role of labour force status and job and workplace characteristics. Finally, it presents a review of the relationship between actual skill use and participation in both organized and informal forms of adult learning. Comparisons are made between Canadian provinces and territories and three selected countries, namely Norway, Switzerland and the United States.
Release date: 2007-10-12
46. Gaining and Losing Literacy Skills over the Lifecourse Archived
Articles and reports: 89-552-M2007016
Geography: Canada
Description:
Recent findings from the International Adult Literacy Survey (IALS) and the 2003 Adult Literacy and Life Skills Survey (ALL) suggest that improvements in literacy skill flowing from the initial education system are being eroded by significant levels of literacy skill loss in adulthood. This study uses data from IALS and ALL to explore how Canada's stock of literacy skill evolved over the nine year period from 1994 to 2003. It analyzes net skill change for various demographic groups for Canada and the provinces and explores the individual characteristics that influence whether a particular group has gained or lost skills on average over the nine-year reference period.
Release date: 2007-07-06
47. The Canadian Component of the 2003 International Adult Literacy and Skills Survey (IALSS): The Situation of Official Language Minorities Archived
Articles and reports: 89-552-M2006015
Geography: Canada
Description:
This monograph focuses on the differences in performance on the IALSS tests between people whose mother tongue is French and those whose mother tongue is English in Canada, particularly those living in a minority situation. Various factors are examined with the goal of explaining these differences. Schooling, age, reading and writing habits of everyday life, as well as the living environment explains a large part of the differences between linguistic groups.
Release date: 2006-12-19
48. Human Capital and Canadian Provincial Standards of Living Archived
Articles and reports: 89-552-M2006014
Geography: Canada
Description:
This paper examines the role of human capital accumulation in explaining the relative levels of income per capita across Canadian provinces. We use principally two different types of human capital indicators based respectively on university attainment and literacy test scores. A synthetic time series of the average literacy level of labour market entrants for each period between 1951 and 2001 is constructed from the demographic profile of literacy test scores taken from the 2003 Adult Literacy and Lifeskills Survey. The percentage of the working-age population holding a university degree is available since 1951 from the census figures. Our main results are the following. First, both human capital indicators are strong predictors of the relative levels of per capita income (minus government transfers) across provinces, along with the relative rates of urbanization and specific shocks in Alberta and Quebec. Second, the skills acquired by one extra year of schooling result in an increase in per capita income of around 7.3 percent. Third, we find that our literacy indicator does not outperform the university attainment indicator. This contrasts sharply with our recent result found at the cross-country level (Coulombe, Tremblay, and Marchand [2004]) and suggests substantial measurement error in cross-country schooling data. Fourth, by focusing on regional economies that have similar levels of social infrastructure and social development, our analysis provides potentially more reliable estimates of the contribution of human capital accumulation to relative living standards.
Release date: 2006-04-05
49. Literacy and Digital Technologies: Linkages and Outcomes Archived
Articles and reports: 56F0004M2005012
Geography: Canada
Description:
This paper investigates relationships between adult literacy skills and use of information and communications technologies (ICTs). Using the Adult Literacy and Life Skills Survey (ALL), it becomes possible to compare respondents' ICT use, based on self-assessed ICT use patterns and attitudes toward computers, with literacy skills and a number of socio-demographic characteristics, including age, gender and educational attainment. The paper offers data for Canada, its provinces and territories, as well as five other countries (Bermuda, the United States, Italy, Norway and Switzerland), allowing international and inter-provincial comparisons. An important objective of the paper is to examine outcomes associated with literacy skills in combination with patterns of ICT use, and this is achieved by profiling these characteristics and studying their relationships with respondent income. In addition, it offers a portrait of adults' computer and Internet use, including purposes of use, attitudes toward computers, and use of other ICTs, and analyzes such use, with a detailed focus on Canada.
Patterns of Internet and computer access confirm the existence of "digital divides" both within and between nations. Apart from Italy, differences between the countries included in this study are not large. However, as found elsewhere, large divides exist within countries when examining respondents grouped by their level of income. In Canada, the Western provinces, the territories, and Ontario emerge as leaders in ICT use, although regional patterns are complex and vary depending on the specific technology examined.
Many other factors are also strongly associated with respondents' ICT use. Age, gender, educational attainment, and level of literacy proficiency help predict whether a respondent is a "high-intensity" computer user. A significant decline in ICT use is found to occur after age 45 in all countries. The findings for ICT use by gender, however, were mixed. In the European countries included in this study (Italy, Norway and Switzerland), clear gender differences emerge but no such gap exists in North America. Respondents with less than upper-secondary education are significantly less likely to use computers for a range of purposes, and this pattern is most pronounced in Italy and Bermuda. In addition, scales that measure individuals' use of computers and the Internet, and attitudes toward computers, tend to increase with the literacy proficiency of respondents.
Finally, literacy and computer use profiles are strongly related to the likelihood that respondents have high earnings. In most countries included in this study, adults who have average or higher literacy skills and who are intensive computer users have about three to six times the odds of being in the top quartile of personal income, compared to respondents with below average literacy skills and less intensive computer use.
Release date: 2005-12-05
50. Building on Our Competencies: Canadian Results of the International Adult Literacy and Skills Survey Archived
Journals and periodicals: 89-617-X
Geography: Canada, Province or territory
Description:
The International Adult Literacy and Skills Survey, undertaken in 2003, measured the proficiencies of a representative sample of Canadian adults aged 16 and over in four domains: prose literacy, document literacy, numeracy and problem solving, and benchmarked performance against an international standard. The proficiency scores are compared between provinces, territories and nations, and over time. Moreover, literacy performance is examined in relation to differences in variables such as educational attainment, employment and unemployment, earnings and self-assessed health. Analyses of the literacy performance of groups of special interest, including women and men, young adults and seniors, recent and established immigrants, and Aboriginal populations are included.
Release date: 2005-11-30

Data (22)

Data (22) (0 to 10 of 22 results)

1. Education Indicators in Canada: Report of the Pan-Canadian Education Indicators Program
Table: 81-582-X
Description: The Pan-Canadian Education Indicators Program (PCEIP) draws from a wide variety of data sources to provide information on the school-age population, elementary, secondary and postsecondary education, transitions, and labour market outcomes.
PCEIP products include data tables, fact sheets, an interactive dashboard, a data explorer, and a handbook. They present indicators for all of Canada, the provinces, the territories, and include year over year comparisons.
The PCEIP is an ongoing initiative of the Canadian Education Statistics Council, a partnership between Statistics Canada and the Council of Ministers of Education, Canada that provides a set of statistical measures on education systems in Canada.
Release date: 2026-03-25
2. Average scores and distribution of proficiency levels in literacy, numeracy and adaptive problem solving, by age group and gender
Table: 37-10-0259-01
Geography: Canada, Province or territory
Frequency: Occasional
Description: Average scores and distribution of proficiency levels in literacy, numeracy and adaptive problem solving, by age group and gender, population aged 16 to 65, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Canada and provinces, 2022.
Release date: 2024-12-10
3. Average scores in literacy, numeracy and adaptive problem solving, by labour force status, age group and gender
Table: 37-10-0260-01
Geography: Canada, Province or territory
Frequency: Occasional
Description: Average scores in literacy, numeracy and adaptive problem solving, by labour force status, age group and gender, population aged 16 to 65, Canada and provinces, 2022.
Release date: 2024-12-10
4. Average scores in literacy, numeracy and adaptive problem solving, by highest level of education, age group and gender
Table: 37-10-0261-01
Geography: Canada, Province or territory
Frequency: Occasional
Description: Average scores in literacy, numeracy and adaptive problem solving, by highest level of education, age group and gender, population aged 16 to 65, Canada and provinces, 2022.
Release date: 2024-12-10
5. Average scores in literacy, numeracy and adaptive problem solving, by occupation and gender
Table: 37-10-0262-01
Geography: Canada, Province or territory
Frequency: Occasional
Description: Average scores in literacy, numeracy and adaptive problem solving, by occupation and gender, population aged 16 to 65, Canada and provinces, 2022.
Release date: 2024-12-10
6. Adult Literacy and Life Skills Surveys: Public Use Microdata Files
Public use microdata: 89M0016X
Description: Governments and other stakeholders are increasingly interested in assessing the skills of their adult populations in order to monitor how well prepared they are for the challenges of the modern knowledge-based society. Adults are expected to use information in complex ways and to maintain and enhance their literacy skills to adapt to ever changing technologies. Literacy is important not only for personal development, but also for positive educational, social, and economic outcomes. Adult literacy, numeracy and problem-solving skills encompass a continuum of learning that enables individuals to achieve their goals, develop their knowledge and potential, and participate fully in their communities and society as a whole.
Canada has been participating in adult skills assessment surveys for several decades. The surveys are repeated every ten years, with the first in the series taking place in 1994. First there was the International Adult Literacy Survey (IALS), then the International Adult Literacy and Skills Survey (IALSS) in 2003 and the Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC) cycles 1 and 2 in 2012 and 2022 respectively. Each of these surveys builds on the concepts of the previous surveys. Over the years, the framework has broadened the definition of literacy to adapt it to the information age, notably by including reading skills in digital environments.
Release date: 2024-08-23
7. Literacy, numeracy - Average scores and distribution of proficiency levels, by sex and age group, inactive Archived
Table: 37-10-0047-01
Geography: Canada, Province or territory
Frequency: Occasional
Description: Literacy, numeracy - Average scores and distribution of proficiency levels, by sex and age group, population aged 16-65, Canada, provinces and territories 2012.
Release date: 2015-06-22
8. Literacy, numeracy - Average scores, by sex and age group Archived
Table: 37-10-0047-02
Geography: Canada, Province or territory
Frequency: Occasional
Description:
Literacy, numeracy - Average scores, by sex and age group, population 16-65, Canada, provinces and territories, 2012.
Release date: 2015-06-22
9. Problem-solving in technology-rich environments - Distribution of non-respondents and proficiency levels, by sex and age group, inactive Archived
Table: 37-10-0048-01
Geography: Canada, Province or territory
Frequency: Occasional
Description: Problem-solving in technology-rich environments (PS-TRE) - Distribution of non-respondents and proficiency levels, by sex and age group, population aged 16-65, Canada, provinces and territories 2012.
Release date: 2015-06-22
10. Literacy, numeracy - Average scores and distribution of proficiency levels, by labour force status, highest level of education and age group, inactive Archived
Table: 37-10-0049-01
Geography: Canada, Province or territory
Frequency: Occasional
Description: Literacy, numeracy - Average scores and distribution of proficiency levels, by labour force status, highest level of education and age group, population aged 16-65, Canada, provinces and territories 2012.
Release date: 2015-06-22

Analysis (51)

Analysis (51) (30 to 40 of 51 results)

31. Learning a Living: First Results of the Adult Literacy and Life Skills Survey Archived
Journals and periodicals: 89-603-X
Geography: Canada
Description:
"Learning a living: First results of the Adult Literacy and Life Skills Survey" presents new evidence on the nature and magnitude of the literacy gaps faced by OECD countries and how these gaps have evolved over the medium term.
The fundamental goal of the Adult Literacy and Life Skills Survey (ALL) is to shed new light on the twin processes of skill gain and loss. The survey is sponsored by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).
The report offers new insights into the factors that influence the formation and loss of adult skills in various settings - at home and at work - for the seven countries participating in the first round of data collection. The study offers the first comparative evidence on the impact of formal adult education and informal learning on the supply of skill. It also provides unique insight into the distribution of information and communication technology skills, and how these have amplified both productivity and wage inequality.
It is meant to assist decision makers in formulating policy in four areas:-Policies aimed at removing skill deficits that act as barriers to innovation, productivity and high rates of economic growth;-Policies designed to limit and reverse social exclusion and income inequality; -Policies that seek to reduce the unit cost of delivering public health care and education services;-Policies conceived to improve quality in all spheres, from public services to quality of life, individual fulfillment and happiness.
Release date: 2005-05-11
32. The Effect of Literacy on Immigrant Earnings Archived
Articles and reports: 89-552-M2004012
Geography: Canada
Description:
This monograph series features detailed studies from the International Adult Literacy Survey (IALS) database by Canadian and U.S. literacy scholars and experts. Monographs focus on current policy issues and cover topics such as adult training, literacy skill match and mismatch in the workplace, seniors' literacy skills and health as well as literacy and economic security.
Release date: 2004-09-07
33. Literacy Scores, Human Capital and Growth Across Fourteen OECD Countries Archived
Articles and reports: 89-552-M2004011
Geography: Canada
Description:
This paper develops a measure of investment in education from the literacy level of labour market entrants, using the 1994 International Adult Literacy Survey.
Release date: 2004-06-22
34. Literacy Skills, Occupational Assignment and the Returns to Over- and Under-education Archived
Articles and reports: 89-552-M2001009
Geography: Canada
Description:
This study compares the pattern of returns to the education required by an individual's job, including education beyond and below that level, to patterns in other countries. It explores the relationship between literacy skills and the educational requirements of an individual's job.
Release date: 2002-01-25
35. Adult Education Participation in North America: International Perspectives Archived
Journals and periodicals: 89-574-X
Geography: Canada
Description:
The International Adult Literacy Survey (IALS) was a 22-country study conducted between 1994 and 1998. In every country nationally representative samples of adults aged 16-65 were interviewed and assessed at home. The goals of the survey were to create comparable literacy profiles across national, linguistic and cultural boundaries and to study the factors that influence literacy proficiency. One factor in particular was singled out for attention, namely the role of adult education and training in improving literacy skills and wider labor market outcomes. The monograph series includes studies by literacy scholars and experts drawing on the IALS database. This particular monograph was funded by the United States Department of Education, Office of Vocational and Adult Education, Division of Adult Education and Literacy. Other studies in the series were funded primarily by Human Resources Development Canada and Statistics Canada.
Today the capacity of labor markets, firms and individuals to adjust to change, improve productivity and capitalize on technological innovation depends in large measure on the skills of the adult population. Improving the stock of skills available to the economy through investment in adult education and workplace learning is therefore an issue of considerable strategic importance.
This monograph presents 15 international indicators that allow readers to compare the volume of adult education participation in North America with that of other advanced industrialized nations. The data offer a comparative snapshot of the total adult education effort as well as the social distribution of adult education opportunities in the mid to late 1990s. The findings generally suggest that both Canada and the United States have mature adult education and training markets. However, the findings also indicate that there are major differences among countries in who gets trained, and how much. On most measures North America finds itself in an average position, ahead of emerging economies but behind the Nordic countries.
Release date: 2001-09-07
36. A Report on Adult Education and Training in Canada: Learning a Living Archived
Journals and periodicals: 81-586-X
Description:
In today's emerging knowledge societies, the capacity of labour markets, firms and individuals to adjust to change, improve productivity and capitalize on technological innovation depends in large measure on the skills of the adult population. Improving the stock of skills available to the economy through investment in adult education and workplace learning has therefore become an issue of considerable strategic importance. But how are the Canadian markets for adult education and training evolving?
This report presents, for the first time, evidence on the development of adult education and training in Canada during the last decade. Examined are not only broad trends in the demand and supply of adult education, but also the factors contributing to observed developments. Survey data collected in 1998 allow readers to gauge the current situation and make comparisons over time and across Canadian provinces. The findings indicate, first, that growth in adult education participation has slowed in recent years, and second, that there are major differences between the provinces in who gets trained, and how much.
Release date: 2001-05-10
37. Literacy, Numeracy and Labour Market Outcomes in Canada (Highlights) Archived
Journals and periodicals: 89F0125X
Description:
These highlights provide a brief summary of the report 'Literacy, numeracy and labour market outcomes in Canada', (catalogue no. 89-552-MPE00008 and 89-552-MIE00008) which investigates the relationship between labour market success and literacy skills.
Release date: 2001-03-19
38. Literacy, Numeracy and Labour Market Outcomes in Canada Archived
Articles and reports: 89-552-M2001008
Geography: Canada
Description:
This study investigates the relationship between labour market success and literacy skills, specifically prose literacy, document literacy and quantitative literacy or numeracy. It focuses on the relationship between literacy and annual, weekly and hourly earnings.
Release date: 2001-03-19
39. Benchmarking Adult Literacy in North America: An International Comparative Study Archived
Journals and periodicals: 89-572-X
Description:
The International Adult Literacy Survey was a 22-country initiative conducted between 1994 and 1998. In every country nationally representative samples of adults aged 16-65 were interviewed and tested at home, using the same literacy test. The main purpose of the survey was to find out how well adults use information to function in society. Another aim was to investigate the factors that influence literacy proficiency and to compare these between countries.
This monograph presents 10 international indicators that allow readers to compare the literacy proficiency of Americans with that of other populations. The findings confirm that low literacy is an important issue in all regions and countries surveyed.
Release date: 2001-02-08
40. Schooling, Literacy and Individual Earnings Archived
Articles and reports: 89-552-M2000007
Geography: Canada
Description:
This paper addresses the problem of statistical inference with ordinal variates and examines the robustness to alternative literacy measurement and scaling choices of rankings of average literacy and of estimates of the impact of literacy on individual earnings.
Release date: 2000-06-02

Reference (4)

Reference (4) ((4 results))

1. Using the Program for International Assessment of Adult Competencies direct measures of skills in the Longitudinal and International Study of Adults Archived
Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 89-648-X2015001
Description:
The Longitudinal and International Study of Adults (LISA) has the direct measures of skills from the Program for International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC) because the two surveys had coordinated collection. The direct measures of skills cover three domains: literacy, numeracy, and problem solving in technology-rich environments. The skills measures are reflected in sets of 10 plausible values (PVs) that were created using a multiple imputation methodology. This paper demonstrates the proper use of the PVs. It also demonstrates that reliable estimates of skills can be produced using LISA and the results are similar to what would be obtained from the PIAAC data.
Release date: 2015-04-22
2. Measuring Adult Literacy and Life Skills: New Frameworks for Assessment Archived
Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 89-552-M2005013
Geography: Canada
Description:
This report documents key aspects of the development of the International Adult Literacy and Life Skills Survey (ALL) - its theoretical roots, the domains selected for possible assessment, the approaches taken to assessment in each domain and the criteria that were employed to decide which domains were to be carried in the final design. As conceived, the ALL survey was meant to build on the success of the International Adult Literacy Survey (IALS) assessments by extending the range of skills assessed and by improving the quality of the assessment methods employed. This report documents several successes including: · the development of a new framework and associated robust measures for problem solving · the development of a powerful numeracy framework and associated robust measures · the specification of frameworks for practical cognition, teamwork and information and communication technology literacy The report also provides insight into those domains where development failed to yield approaches to assessment of sufficient quality, insight that reminds us that scientific advance in this domain is hard won.
Release date: 2005-03-24
3. Schooling, Literacy and Individual Earnings (Highlights) Archived
Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 89F0120X
Description:
Direct measures of skill attainment such as the International Adult Literacy Survey are used to assess the importance of educational outcome skills such as literacy in determining labour market outcomes such as earnings. Policy makers also use them to direct resources most efficiently. However, these skill measures are the product of complex statistical procedures. This paper examines the mathematical robustness of the International Adult Literacy Survey measures against other possibilities in estimating the impact of literacy on individual earnings.
Release date: 2000-06-02
4. Backgrounder on the International Adult Literacy Survey (IALS) Archived
Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 89F0094X
Description:
The Backgrounder on the International Adult Literacy Survey (IALS) describes the history of the survey and how literacy is measured.
Release date: 1996-09-12

Date modified:: 2026-08-14

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