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  • 1. Changes in income across different levels of educational attainment during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic
    Stats in brief: 98-200-X2021015
    Description: This Census in Brief article examines how changes in income from 2019 to 2020, during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, differed by level of education. It looks at changes in employment income, income-replacement benefits (COVID-19 benefits and employment insurance) and the combination of these two income types. It also examines how changes in income varied by major field of study and by province.
    Release date: 2023-10-04
  • 2. 1991 Census Public Use Microdata File: Individual File CD-ROM Archived
    Public use microdata: 95M0007X
    Description: Microdata files are unique among census products in that they give users access to unaggregated data. This makes the public use microdata files (PUMFs) powerful research tools. Each file contains anonymous individual responses on a large number of variables. The PUMF user can group and manipulate these variables to suit his/her own data and research requirements. Tabulations not included in other census products can be created or relationships between variables can be analysed by using different statistical tests. PUMFs provide quick access to a comprehensive social and economic database about Canada and its people. All subject-matter covered by the census is included in the microdata files. However, to ensure the anonymity of the respondents, geographic identifiers have been restricted to the provinces/territories and large metropolitan areas. Microdata files have traditionally been disseminated on magnetic tape, which required access to a mainframe computer. For the first time, the 1991 PUMFs will also be available on CD-ROM for microcomputer applications. This file contains data based on a 3% of the population enumerated in the 1991 Census. It provides information on the demographic, social and economic characteristics of the Canadian population. The Individual File allows users to return to the base unit of the census, enabling them to group and manipulate the data to suit their own data and research requirements.

    This product provides two basic tools to assist users in accessing and using the 1991 Census Public Use Microdata File - Individuals CD-ROM.

    Release date: 2023-09-12
  • 3. 1991 Census Public Use Microdata File: Household and Housing File CD-ROM Archived
    Public use microdata: 95M0008X
    Description: Microdata files are unique among census products in that they give users access to unaggregated data. This makes the public use microdata files (PUMFs) powerful research tools. Each file contains anonymous individual responses on a large number of variables. The PUMF user can group and manipulate these variables to suit his/her own data and research requirements. Tabulations not included in other census products can be created or relationships between variables can be analysed by using different statistical tests. PUMFs provide quick access to a comprehensive social and economic database about Canada and its people. All subject-matter covered by the census is included in the microdata files. However, to ensure the anonymity of the respondents, geographic identifiers have been restricted to the provinces/territories and large metropolitan areas. Microdata files have traditionally been disseminated on magnetic tape, which required access to a mainframe computer. For the first time, the 1991 PUMFs will also be available on CD-ROM for microcomputer applications. This file contains data based on a 3% of the population enumerated in the 1991 Census. It provides information on the demographic, social and economic characteristics of the Canadian population. The Households and Housing File allows users to return to the base unit of the census, enabling them to group and manipulate the data to suit their own data and research requirements.

    This product provides two basic tools to assist users in accessing and using the 1991 Census Public Use Microdata File - Households and Housing CD-ROM.

    Release date: 2023-09-12
  • 4. Individuals File (Flat ASCII File), 2001 Census (Public Use Microdata Files)
    Public use microdata: 95M0016X
    Description: This file provides data on the characteristics of the population. The 2001 Census Public Use Microdata Files (PUMFs) contain samples of anonymous responses to the 2001 Census questionnaire. The files have been carefully scrutinized to ensure the complete confidentiality of the individual responses. Three files are available: the Individuals File, the Families File, and the Households and Housing File.

    Microdata files are unique among census products in that they give users access to non-aggregated data. The PUMFs user can group and manipulate these variables to suit data and research requirements. Tabulations excluded from other census products can be created or relationships between variables can be analysed using different statistical tests. PUMFs provide quick access to a comprehensive social and economic database about Canada and its people.

    Most of the subject matter covered by the census is included in the microdata files. To ensure the respondents' anonymity, geographic identifiers have been restricted to provinces/territories and large metropolitan areas.

    Note: Please be advised that errors have been detected in the data for two variables contained on the revised version of this CD-ROM. As well, we have added a unique record identifier called PPSORT, built/included in the file for administrative purposes only. The affected variables are: Income status (2000 low income cut-offs) (INCSTP) Ethnic origin (ETHNICRA) Further details can be found in the "Errata" file offered in several formats on the new, re-issued CD-ROM. Original release date - February 8, 2005 1rst Correction - released August 24, 2005 2nd Correction - released April 26, 2006

    Release date: 2023-09-12
  • 5. Intergenerational income mobility: The lasting effects of growing up in a lower-income family Archived
    Stats in brief: 11-627-M2020053
    Description:

    Using data from the Longitudinal and International Study of Adults, this infographic shows the relationship between the income of adult Canadians and the income of their parents when they were growing up. Additionally, it highlights that families with higher incomes were also families where parents were more highly educated, while families with lower incomes were more likely to have a non-official language as their mother tongue or to be lone-parent families.

    Release date: 2020-09-15
  • 6. A profile of workers in the homelessness support sector
    Articles and reports: 75F0002M2019010
    Description:

    This study aims to profile workers in the homelessness support field. This group was defined by classifying workers based on specific occupations and industry of employment. Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, various socio-economic characteristics for these workers are presented. The study profiles these individuals by geography, age, sex, educational attainment, Aboriginal identity and visible minority status. The study also addresses their work patterns, earnings and low income status. Some discussion of the limitations of available data and insights into potential future areas for research follow.

    Release date: 2019-09-23
  • 7. First Official Language Spoken (7), Highest Certificate, Diploma or Degree (15), Immigrant Status and Period of Immigration (11), Individual Low-income Status (6), Low-income Indicators (4), Work Activity During the Reference Year (4A) and Sex and Age (15) for the Population Aged 15 Years and Over in Private Households for Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data
    Table: 98-400-X2016376
    Description:

    This table presents first official language spoken, highest certificate, diploma or degree, immigrant status and period of immigration, individual low-income status, low-income indicators, work activity during the reference year, and sex and age for the population aged 15 years and over in private households of Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations.

    Release date: 2018-06-21
  • 8. Income Statistics (13), Major Field of Study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 (43), Highest Certificate, Diploma or Degree (15), Work Activity During the Reference Year (5), Age (10) and Sex (3) for the Population Aged 15 Years and Over in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data
    Table: 98-400-X2016260
    Geography: Province or territory, Census metropolitan area, Census agglomeration, Census metropolitan area part, Census agglomeration part
    Description:

    This table presents income statistics, major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016, highest certificate, diploma or degree, work activity during the reference year, age and sex for the population aged 15 years and over in private households of Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations.

    Release date: 2018-03-28
  • 9. Mother Tongue (10), Income Statistics (17), Highest Certificate, Diploma or Degree (15), Immigrant Status and Period of Immigration (10), Work Activity During the Reference Year (4A) and Sex and Age (15) for the Population Aged 15 Years and Over in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data
    Table: 98-400-X2016199
    Geography: Province or territory, Census metropolitan area, Census agglomeration, Census metropolitan area part, Census agglomeration part
    Description:

    This table presents mother tongue, income statistics, highest certificate, diploma or degree, immigrant status and period of immigration, work activity during the reference year, age and sex for the population aged 15 years and over who worked in 2015, in private households of Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations.

    Release date: 2018-03-28
  • 10. First Official Language Spoken (7), Income Statistics (17), Highest Certificate, Diploma or Degree (15), Immigrant Status and Period of Immigration (10), Work Activity During the Reference Year (4A), Age (6B) and Sex (3) for the Population Aged 15 Years and Over in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data
    Table: 98-400-X2016200
    Geography: Province or territory, Census metropolitan area, Census agglomeration, Census metropolitan area part, Census agglomeration part
    Description:

    This table presents first official language spoken, income statistics, highest certificate, diploma or degree, immigrant status and period of immigration, work activity during the reference year, age and sex for the population aged 15 years and over who worked in 2015, in private households of Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations.

    Release date: 2018-03-28
Data (62)

Data (62) (0 to 10 of 62 results)

Analysis (52)

Analysis (52) (0 to 10 of 52 results)

  • 1. Changes in income across different levels of educational attainment during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic
    Stats in brief: 98-200-X2021015
    Description: This Census in Brief article examines how changes in income from 2019 to 2020, during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, differed by level of education. It looks at changes in employment income, income-replacement benefits (COVID-19 benefits and employment insurance) and the combination of these two income types. It also examines how changes in income varied by major field of study and by province.
    Release date: 2023-10-04
  • 2. Intergenerational income mobility: The lasting effects of growing up in a lower-income family Archived
    Stats in brief: 11-627-M2020053
    Description:

    Using data from the Longitudinal and International Study of Adults, this infographic shows the relationship between the income of adult Canadians and the income of their parents when they were growing up. Additionally, it highlights that families with higher incomes were also families where parents were more highly educated, while families with lower incomes were more likely to have a non-official language as their mother tongue or to be lone-parent families.

    Release date: 2020-09-15
  • 3. A profile of workers in the homelessness support sector
    Articles and reports: 75F0002M2019010
    Description:

    This study aims to profile workers in the homelessness support field. This group was defined by classifying workers based on specific occupations and industry of employment. Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, various socio-economic characteristics for these workers are presented. The study profiles these individuals by geography, age, sex, educational attainment, Aboriginal identity and visible minority status. The study also addresses their work patterns, earnings and low income status. Some discussion of the limitations of available data and insights into potential future areas for research follow.

    Release date: 2019-09-23
  • 4. The Effects of Education on Canadians’ Retirement Savings Behaviour Archived
    Articles and reports: 11F0019M2017391
    Description:

    This paper assesses the extent to which education affects how Canadians save and accumulate wealth for retirement. The paper makes three contributions. First, a descriptive analysis is presented of differences in savings and home values across individuals based on their levels of educational attainment. To this end, new datasets that link survey respondents from the 1991 and 2006 censuses of Canada to their administrative tax records are used. These data provide a unique opportunity to jointly observe education, savings, home values, and a plethora of other factors of relevance. Second, the causal effect of high school completion on savings rates in tax-preferred accounts is estimated, exploiting compulsory schooling reforms in the identification. Third, building on a recent study by Messacar (2015), education is also found to affect how individuals re-optimize their savings rates in response to an automatic change in pension wealth accumulation. The implications of this study’s findings for the “nudge paradigm” in behavioural economics are discussed.

    Release date: 2017-03-27
  • 5. The association between skills and low income Archived
    Articles and reports: 75-006-X201600114322
    Description:

    This article explores how skill proficiencies are related to household income for Canadians aged 16 to 65 using data from the first wave of the Longitudinal and International Study of Adults (LISA), conducted in 2012. The article also demonstrates how the relationship between skill level and low income changes after controlling for other characteristics known to increase the risk of low income.

    Release date: 2016-02-24
  • 6. The ups and downs of minimum wage Archived
    Articles and reports: 75-006-X201400114035
    Description:

    This article provides information on the evolution of the minimum wage since 1975, the average hourly wage, and on the ratio between these two indicators. The article also sheds light on the increase in the proportion of paid workers earning minimum wage between 1997 and 2013, as well as the characteristics of workers most likely to be paid at this minimum rate.

    Release date: 2014-07-16
  • 7. Education and occupation of high-income Canadians Archived
    Stats in brief: 99-014-X201100311860
    Description:

    These two short articles provide complementary analysis to the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) analytical document on the composition of income in Canada. They focus on specific topics of interest. The first NHS in Brief is entitled Education and occupations of high-income Canadians, and the second, Persons living in low-income neighbourhoods.

    Release date: 2013-09-11
  • 8. The Income Management Strategies of Older Couples in Canada Archived
    Articles and reports: 11F0019M2011335
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    In this study, the income management strategies of Canadian couples are examined using data from the 2007 General Social Survey. The extent to which "older" couples, in which at least one spouse or partner is aged 45 or older, employ an allocative, pooled, or separate strategy is explored. Results show that the income management strategies used by these couples are correlated with relationship characteristics, such as common-law status, duration of relationship, and the presence of children. As well, the likelihood of using a separate approach is positively correlated with levels of educational attainment and with the amount of income received by wives or female partners.

    Release date: 2011-06-22
  • 9. Cities and Growth: Earnings Levels Across Urban and Rural Areas: The Role of Human Capital Archived
    Articles and reports: 11-622-M2010020
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    Using 2001 Census data, this paper investigates the extent to which the urban-rural gap in the earnings of employed workers is associated with human capital composition and agglomeration economies. Both factors have been theoretically and empirically linked to urban-rural earnings differences. Agglomeration economies-the productivity enhancing effects of the geographic concentration of workers and firms-may underlie these differences as they may be stronger in larger urban centres. But human capital composition may also drive the urban-rural earnings gap if workers with higher levels of education and/or experience are more prevalent in cities. The analysis finds that up to one-half of urban-rural earnings differences are related to human capital composition. It also demonstrates that agglomeration economies related to city size are associated with earnings levels, but their influence is significantly reduced by the inclusion of controls for human capital.

    Release date: 2010-01-25
  • 10. Income disparities in health-adjusted life expectancy for Canadian adults, 1991 to 2001 Archived
    Articles and reports: 82-003-X200900411019
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This article profiles differences in health-adjusted life expectancy across income categories for a representative sample of the Canadian population. Mortality data were obtained from the 1991-2001 Canadian census mortality follow-up study, which linked a 15% sample of the 1991 adult non-institutional population with 11 years of death records from the Canadian Mortality Data Base.

    Release date: 2009-11-18
Reference (3)

Reference (3) ((3 results))

  • 1. Update on Analytical Studies Research Archived
    Notices and consultations: 11-015-X
    Description:

    This newsletter is a brief description of projects within the Business and Labour Market Analysis Division of Statistics Canada. The research covers a wide range of topics including labour market issues, low income, immigration, business firm dynamics, pensions, productivity, technology and innovation, as well as economic geography.

    Release date: 2007-09-14
  • 2. Questionnaire and Collection Procedures for SLID Income Data Collection: May 1994 Archived
    Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 75F0002M1994008
    Description:

    This document describes the survey content for the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID) income data questionnaire and explains the interview process.

    Release date: 1995-12-30
  • 3. Questionnaire and Collection Procedures for the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID) Income Data Collection: May 1995 Archived
    Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 75F0002M1995012
    Description:

    This paper describes the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID) income data collection procedures and provides an overview of the interview process. May 1995 was the first year respondents could choose to carry out the interview as in the previous year, or they could grant permission for Statistics Canada to access their income tax returns from Revenue Canada and forego the interview.

    Release date: 1995-12-30
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