Work and retirement

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All (67)

All (67) (0 to 10 of 67 results)

  • 1. Employment by choice and necessity among Canadian-born and immigrant seniors
    Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202400400002
    Description: Many seniors work past their mid-60s for various reasons. Some find it necessary to keep working because of inadequate retirement savings, mortgage payments, unforeseen expenses, or the responsibility to support children and other family members in Canada or abroad. Others choose to work to provide a sense of personal fulfillment, stay active and remain engaged. This article uses data from the Labour Force Survey (LFS) and examines the degree to which Canadian-born and immigrant seniors aged 65 to 74 worked by choice or necessity in 2022.
    Release date: 2024-04-24
  • 2. Retirement age by class of worker, annual
    Table: 14-10-0060-01
    Geography: Canada
    Frequency: Annual
    Description: Retirement age by class of worker and sex, last 5 years.
    Release date: 2024-01-05
  • 3. A cross-cohort comparison of economic well-being during retirement years
    Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202300500002
    Description: The financial security of seniors has long been a concern, especially in recent years, against the backdrop of an aging population. This study analyzes the extent to which pre-retirement lifestyles can be maintained into retirement years by comparing family incomes of five cohorts of individuals as they age from their mid 50s to late 70s.
    Release date: 2023-05-24
  • 4. Income in retirement: Expectations versus reality
    Stats in brief: 11-627-M2022088
    Description:

    This infographic examines whether the financial expectations of non-retired Canadians were met upon retiring, as captured in Wave 5 (2020) of the Longitudinal and International Study of Adults. In 2014, a group of non-retired Canadians aged 55 or older were asked about their financial expectations for retirement. New data from 2020 reveal how this same group of Canadians-now retired-is doing financially.

    Release date: 2022-12-13
  • 5. Plans to address expected retirements, fourth quarter of 2022
    Table: 33-10-0613-01
    Geography: Canada, Province or territory
    Frequency: Occasional
    Description:

    Plans to address expected retirements, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), business employment size, type of business, business activity and majority ownership, fourth quarter of 2022.

    Release date: 2022-11-25
  • 6. Do aging baby boomers work more than earlier generations?
    Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202200400001
    Description:

    Baby boomers are on average living longer and healthier, and thus are capable of working more years than earlier generations. The feasibility of working in older ages is further improved as the economic structure continues to shift from manufacturing to the service sector and knowledge-based employment that provide jobs with less physical strain. Whether retirement-age baby boomers will have a higher level of labour force participation (LFP) than earlier generations will have a large impact on their economic well-being and on the overall labour supply in Canada within a decade or so. Using the Labour Force Survey (LFS) between January 1976 and December 2021, this article compares baby boomers and earlier generations in LFP.

    Release date: 2022-04-28
  • 7. Results from the 2016 Census: Occupations with older workers Archived
    Articles and reports: 75-006-X201900100011
    Description:

    Over the past two decades, the share of the employed population aged 55 and over increased significantly. This study uses Census of Population and Labour Force Survey to examine the changing age composition of workers within the most prevalent occupations (with at least 10,000 workers), as well as the occupations that are increasing and decreasing in size most rapidly.

    Release date: 2019-07-25
  • 8. Study: Occupations with older workers Archived
    Stats in brief: 11-001-X201920620845
    Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin
    Release date: 2019-07-25
  • 9. Reasons for working at 60 and beyond Archived
    Articles and reports: 71-222-X2018003
    Description:

    Using data from the Labour Force Survey, this analysis provides new information on the labour force participation of older Canadians, defined in this analysis as persons aged 60 years and older, by shedding light on the reasons why they were working.

    Release date: 2018-12-14
  • 10. Study: A day in the life: How do older Canadians spend their time? Archived
    Stats in brief: 11-001-X201808018343
    Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin
    Release date: 2018-03-21
Data (5)

Data (5) ((5 results))

  • 1. Retirement age by class of worker, annual
    Table: 14-10-0060-01
    Geography: Canada
    Frequency: Annual
    Description: Retirement age by class of worker and sex, last 5 years.
    Release date: 2024-01-05
  • 2. Plans to address expected retirements, fourth quarter of 2022
    Table: 33-10-0613-01
    Geography: Canada, Province or territory
    Frequency: Occasional
    Description:

    Plans to address expected retirements, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), business employment size, type of business, business activity and majority ownership, fourth quarter of 2022.

    Release date: 2022-11-25
  • 3. Survey of Older Workers: Public Use Microdata File
    Public use microdata: 89M0030X
    Description:

    The Survey of Older Workers (SOW) is a survey that was conducted in October and November of 2008 .The survey was conducted on behalf of Human Resources and Skills Development Canada with the objective to develop a statistical database providing estimates surrounding the issues of work and retirement as perceived by older workers in the 10 provinces. The fundamental objective of the SOW is an attempt to understand the components that are integral in the decision to either continue working or retire. In essence we are trying to obtain a better understanding of factors that are driving the decisions of older workers in regards to working and retirement.

    Release date: 2010-01-06
  • 4. General Social Survey, Cycle 21: Family, Social Support and Retirement ( 2007): Public Use Microdata File, Documentation and User's Guide
    Public use microdata: 12M0021X
    Description:

    This package was designed to enable users to access and manipulate the microdata file for the 21st cycle (2007) of the General Social Survey (GSS). It contains information on the objectives, methodology and estimation procedures, as well as guidelines for releasing estimates based on the survey. Cycle 21 of the GSS collected data from persons aged 45 years and over living in private households in the 10 provinces of Canada. The survey covered a wide range of topics such as well-being, family composition, retirement decisions and plans, care giving and care receiving experiences, social networks and housing.

    Release date: 2009-05-04
  • 5. General Social Survey, Cycle 16: Aging and Social Support (2002): Public Use Microdata File and Documentation, 2002 Archived
    Public use microdata: 12M0016X
    Geography: Province or territory
    Description:

    Cycle 16 of the GSS is the second cycle (after cycle 11) to collect information social support for older Canadians, introducing modules on preparations for retirement and retirement experience. The GSS is an annual telephone survey covering the non-institutionalized population in the 10 provinces. Respondents were randomly selected from a list of individuals aged 45 and over who had responded to another Statistics Canada survey. Data were collected over an 11-month period from February to December 2002. The representative sample had about 25,000 respondents. The response rate was almost 84%.

    The main objective of the 2002 GSS was to provide data on the aging population. However, the survey allows detailed analysis of characteristics of family and friends who provide care to seniors; characteristics of seniors receiving formal and informal care; links to broader determinants of health (such as income, education and social networks); and people's retirement plans and experiences.

    Release date: 2005-11-28
Analysis (58)

Analysis (58) (30 to 40 of 58 results)

  • 31. Income Security and Stability During Retirement in Canada Archived
    Articles and reports: 11F0019M2008306
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    Past research has shown that the Canadian pension system is relatively effective in helping seniors to stay out of poverty. However, the extent to which the pension system enables individuals and families to maintain living standards achieved during their working years after retirement (income security) is less well understood. To help fill this knowledge gap, we employ 20-year longitudinal data to track individuals as they move from age 55 through their retirement years. We use various measures of an individual's family income to study four main issues: change in income levels through retirement; the role that various income sources play in this change; variation in replacement rates through time and between poorer and richer individuals; and, finally, the degree of long-term stability in individual incomes. For workers with average incomes, family income falls after age 60, declines until age 68, and then stabilizes at approximately 80% of the income level they had at age 55. In contrast, low income individuals (those in the bottom income quintile) experience little change in income as they move from age 55 through the retirement years, largely because of the income maintenance effects of the public pension system. They experience high levels of individual income instability in their late 50s and early 60s, but income instability falls dramatically after retirement. Individuals in the top quintile experience substantially larger income declines in retirement so that income inequality within a cohort declines as the cohort ages. More recent groups of retirees are experiencing higher income levels than earlier cohorts, largely because of higher private pensions. Replacement rates have changed little among cohorts, however. Whether recent gains in income levels will persist in future cohorts is unknown since pension coverage has been falling among younger workers.

    Release date: 2008-03-10
  • 32. Pensions and retirement savings of families Archived
    Articles and reports: 75-001-X200711113197
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    Prime-aged couples experienced a moderate decline in RPP coverage over the last two decades, as the substantial growth in wives labour market participation and the slight increase in their RPP coverage only partially offset a substantial decline in husbands coverage. On average, retirement savings of families rose over the last two decades, but the distribution became more unequal. To a large extent, the uneven growth in retirement savings mirrors the sharp increase in family earnings inequality since the early 1980s.

    Release date: 2007-12-19
  • 33. Pension Coverage and Retirement Savings of Canadian Families, 1986 to 2003 Archived
    Articles and reports: 11F0019M2006286
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    We analyze the degree to which Canadian families are covered by private pension plans and document how their savings for retirement (made through contributions to tax-assisted retirement savings programs) have evolved over the last two decades. We find that two-parent families, lone-parent families and other individuals located in the bottom quintile of the earnings distribution are not better prepared for retirement than their counterparts were in the mid-1980s or the early 1990s. On the other hand, those located in the top quintile are better prepared than their counterparts were in the mid-1980s or the early 1990s. As a result, Canadian families' preparedness for retirement, which was fairly unequal in the mid-1980s, has become even more unequal over the last two decades. This finding has important implications for the future. Recent research has shown that the maturation of the Canada and Quebec Pension Plans (C/QPPs) has led to a substantial reduction in income inequality among the elderly between the early 1980s and the mid-1990s. In the absence of offsetting trends, the growing inequality in Canadian families preparedness for retirement implies that that the distribution of family income among seniors should become more unequal in the years to come.

    Release date: 2006-09-26
  • 34. Cracking the RRSP nest egg Archived
    Articles and reports: 75-001-X200610413161
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    A registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) constitutes a key component of retirement income planning in Canada. RRSPs allow individuals to save pre-tax dollars in a variety of investment instruments where interest, dividends and capital gains accrue tax free until the funds are withdrawn. However, the taxman will eventually receive his due. RRSPs must be converted into an annuity or a registered retirement income fund (RRIF) in the year the taxpayer turns 69, with prescribed minimum withdrawals starting the following year. RRSP withdrawals already generate significant tax revenues, estimated at over $4 billion in 2002. Although mandatory conversion affects mainly middle- and high-income earners, some low-income savers could have their means-tested social benefits reduced by the boost in income.

    Release date: 2006-06-20
  • 35. Aging, health and work Archived
    Articles and reports: 75-001-X200610213157
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    While the majority of Canadians aged 50 to 69 not in the labour force were retired in 2003, nearly half a million were not working for health-related reasons. The Canadian Community Health Survey is used to compare the health of working individuals aged 50 to 69 with their contemporaries who are not working, whether for health or other reasons. Chronic conditions and lifestyle choices are also examined.

    Release date: 2006-03-20
  • 36. Post-retirement employment Archived
    Articles and reports: 75-001-X200510913150
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    The likelihood of returning to paid employment after retirement is influenced by various factors. Although most retirees rejoin the workforce for financial reasons, non-financial considerations are also important. Many in the study who worked full time prior to retirement chose to return on a part-time basis - over one-third of the men and more than half of the women.

    Release date: 2005-12-22
  • 37. Job strain and retirement Archived
    Articles and reports: 75-001-X200510713147
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    Excessive demands coupled with a lack of decision-making power can lead to job strain. Are older workers (aged 45 to 57) who experience high job strain more likely to retire early than those who do not feel under the same pressure at work? Managers, professionals, and technicians seem to be more affected than other occupations.

    Release date: 2005-09-21
  • 38. What makes retirement enjoyable? Archived
    Articles and reports: 11-008-X20050028453
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    Using data from the 2002 General Social Survey (GSS), this article looks at recent retirees (individuals who retired during the preceding decade and were at least 50 years old when they did so) and their enjoyment of life before and after retirement. A statistical model explores the relationship between enjoyment of retired life and specific individual characteristics (for example, marital status, health and financial wellbeing) while holding the effects of other characteristics constant.

    Release date: 2005-09-13
  • 39. Marital satisfaction during the retirement years Archived
    Articles and reports: 11-008-X20040047776
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    The years leading up to retirement may confront people with new challenges as well as opportunities. In addition to health, finances and several other factors, family relationships in general and satisfaction with marriage in particular greatly influence couples' experience of these years.

    This article uses data from the 2001 and 1995 General Social Surveys (GSS) to examine older couples' (aged 50 to 74 years) perceptions of their relationship during retirement or the years leading to retirement. Specifically, the analysis looks at couples' employment or retirement status, each individual's relative contribution to household income and the presence of adult children in the home as they relate to the quality of their relationship.

    Release date: 2005-03-08
  • 40. You can't always get what you want: Retirement preferences and experiences Archived
    Articles and reports: 11-008-X20040037731
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This article explores whether those who are forced to retire have had adequate opportunity to prepare for retirement, either financially or psychologically. It uses new information from the 2002 General Social Survey (GSS) to examine the match between the retirement preferences and experiences of people who retired during the period from 1992 to 2002.

    Release date: 2004-12-07
Reference (4)

Reference (4) ((4 results))

  • 1. New Frontiers of Research on Retirement - Technical Annex Archived
    Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 75-512-X
    Description:

    This book provides technical documentation of variables, methodologies and extended lists of references used in developing the research findings reported in "New Frontiers of Research on Retirement". It will be used around the world by researchers and teachers, as well as by students preparing theses related to patterns of transition to retirement. This documentation is important because a large part of book is devoted to scientific papers that are based upon Statistics Canada's data and which require substantial innovations of useful concepts and data.

    Release date: 2008-09-08
  • 2. Survey of Persons Not in the Labour Force
    Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 4400
    Description: The purpose of this survey was to find out more about the activities, previous work force attachment and future plans of persons not presently in the labour force; information was also collected on the plans of non-student youth and the retirement circumstances of retired people.
  • 3. General Social Survey - Education, Work and Retirement
    Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 4500
    Description: The two primary objectives of the General Social Survey (GSS) are: to gather data on social trends in order to monitor changes in the living conditions and well being of Canadians over time; and to provide information on specific social policy issues of current or emerging interest. This survey monitored changes in education, work and retirement, and examined the relationships between these three main activities.
  • 4. Survey of Older Workers
    Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 5158
    Description: The survey is designed to assess the labour market intentions and transitions of older Canadians.
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