Trade patterns

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  • 41. Trade Liberalization and Productivity Dynamics: Evidence from Canada Archived
    Articles and reports: 11F0027M2008051
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This paper investigates the productivity effects of the Canada-United States Free Trade Agreement (FTA) on Canadian manufacturing. It finds that Canadian tariff cuts increased exit rates among moderately productive non-exporting plants. This led to the reallocation of market share toward highly productive plants, which helps explain why aggregate productivity gains were observed when Canadian tariffs were reduced. The paper also finds that all of the within-plant productivity gains resulting from the U.S. tariff cuts involved exporters and, especially, new entrants into the export market. It demonstrates that any lack of output responses and labour-shedding as a consequence of the FTA were experienced by Canadian plants who were non-exporters, while exporters captured the gains from the FTA.

    Release date: 2008-05-07
  • 42. Tracking value-added trade: Examining global inputs to exports Archived
    Articles and reports: 11-010-X200800210522
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    In a reversal from the 1990s, firms reduced their use of imported inputs early in this decade. However, as import prices fell after the loonie began its sharp increase, import use rose in 2004 for the first time since 1998.

    Release date: 2008-02-15
  • 43. Not Dutch disease, it's China syndrome Archived
    Articles and reports: 11-010-X200700810305
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    The restructuring of the economy since 2003 has been driven by the surge in commodity prices resulting from the integration of China into the world economy. Labour and capital have shifted to the resource sector, notably in western Canada. Despite the rising exchange rate and lower prices manufacturers overall have maintained output while cutting jobs.

    Release date: 2007-08-16
  • 44. Not Dutch Disease, It's China Syndrome Archived
    Articles and reports: 11-624-M2007017
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This paper empirically investigates how the Canadian economy has evolved following the rise in commodity prices and appreciation of the Canadian dollar that began in 2003. The adjustment in the manufacturing industry has garnered the greatest attention because it has borne the brunt of job losses. However, the adjustment of the manufacturing industry has not been straightforward. Rather, a complex reallocation has been taking place within manufacturing that has been predominantly due to the integration of emerging nations into the global economy. The increased commodity prices and falling manufactured prices caused by this integration have affected durable and non-durable manufacturing industries differently. Non-durable manufacturers have tended to see their competitiveness eroded and their output has tended to fall. Durable manufacturers, on the other hand, have increased output in response to the resource boom and increased demand in general. The result has been stable manufacturing output overall, accompanied by a re-orientation of manufacturing output away from non-durables and toward durables.

    The appreciated dollar and higher commodity prices have also led to a more widespread industrial reallocation in Canada. The higher commodity prices have started a resource boom, particularly in Alberta. The boom has led to rising resource industry employment, while manufacturing employment declined, and to rising service-sector employment. It has contributed to inter-provincial migration, and has greatly increased the purchasing power of Canadian incomes as terms of trade have improved.

    Release date: 2007-08-16
  • 45. Canada's changing auto industry Archived
    Articles and reports: 11-010-X20070059639
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    The auto industry has been a leading force in globalization, with overseas firms shifting production to North America following their success in sales. This paper looks at how Canada fared in attracting new domestic plants, and whether they behaved differently in buying parts locally and trading internationally.

    Release date: 2007-05-17
  • 46. Trade liberalization and the Canadian clothing market Archived
    Articles and reports: 11-010-X20060129545
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This paper documents how changes in the rules of trade have affected the clothing market. Free trade with the US initially was a boon to domestic output and jobs. Imports from less-developed countries increased in the 1990s, but the entry of China into the WTO saw the displacement of many of these countries, as well as domestic producers. Consumers reaped the benefit of cheaper imports.

    Release date: 2006-12-07
  • 47. Manufacturing: The Year 2005 in Review Archived
    Articles and reports: 11-621-M2006045
    Geography: Province or territory
    Description:

    This report highlights trends in manufacturing for 2005. It focuses on shipments by industry and provinces. It also examines recent movements of other key variables such as employment, profits, capital investment, capacity utilization and productivity.

    Release date: 2006-06-28
  • 48. Exchange Rate Cycles and Canada- U.S. Manufacturing Prices Archived
    Articles and reports: 11F0027M2006041
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    During the post-1970 period, Canadian manufacturing prices have alternately increased and fallen relative to U.S. prices' just the reverse of the cycle in the Canada' U.S. exchange rate. But not all manufacturing industries have experienced the same amplitude of relative price changes. This paper examines the industry characteristics that are related to the shifts in competitiveness, measured as the relative price ratio between Canadian prices and U.S. prices adjusted by the exchange rate. We find that relative factor input costs and relative productivity growth are the two most important factors influencing changes in relative Canada' U.S. prices. Competitive pressures emanating from trade are important determinants of the extent to which relative productivity differences are passed through to cross-country relative prices in the manufacturing sector. We also find that the magnitude of domestic market competition and export intensity affects the short-run relative price shifts over the cycle of exchange rate.

    Release date: 2006-06-28
  • 49. The rise of the dragon: The growing importance of China to Canada's culture goods trade Archived
    Articles and reports: 87-004-X20030038997
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    The study evaluates and analyses the export of culture goods to China and Canada's imports from China.

    Release date: 2006-06-12
  • 50. How Are Canadian Regions Adjusting to a Larger and More Integrated North American Market? Archived
    Articles and reports: 11F0027M2006039
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This paper relates to two understudied, but increasingly important concerns: the measurement of regional integration, and the regional benefits to North American economic integration. The objective is to measure Canada's regional integration in manufacturing industries with that of the United States, and examine the regional impact of growing trade integration on productivity growth and select other economic performance variables.

    Our research shows that Canada and each of its regions are becoming more integrated in trade in manufactures with the United States, but Ontario is much more integrated than the rest of Canada. While all regions have benefited through improved productivity performance, higher wages and higher output growth, Ontario has been the principal beneficiary. No evidence was found that increased trade integration in manufactures with the United States caused anything more than short-run adjustment losses in employment. Canada and each of its regions have expanded their share of North American manufacturing which stands in sharp contrast to the supposition that it would be the United States that would experience a growth in North American production share (Krugman, 1980).

    Release date: 2006-05-31
Data (23)

Data (23) (0 to 10 of 23 results)

  • 1. Trade in goods by exporter characteristics, by enterprise employment size and number of partner countries
    Table: 12-10-0091-01
    Geography: Canada
    Frequency: Annual
    Description:

    Trade in goods by exporter characteristics data available by enterprise employment size and number of partner countries. Users have the option of selecting information related to the value of exports and the number of exporting enterprises.

    Release date: 2024-05-16
  • 2. Trade in goods by exporter characteristics, by industry of enterprise and number of partner countries
    Table: 12-10-0092-01
    Geography: Canada
    Frequency: Annual
    Description:

    Trade in goods by exporter characteristics data available by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) and number of partner countries. Users have the option of selecting information related to the value of exports and the number of exporting enterprises.

    Release date: 2024-05-16
  • 3. Trade in goods by exporter characteristics, by enterprise employment size and concentration of exports
    Table: 12-10-0093-01
    Geography: Canada
    Frequency: Annual
    Description:

    Trade in goods by exporter characteristics data available by enterprise employment size and concentration of exports. Only data on the value of exports are available from this table.

    Release date: 2024-05-16
  • 4. Trade in goods by exporter characteristics, by enterprise employment size and industry
    Table: 12-10-0094-01
    Geography: Canada
    Frequency: Annual
    Description:

    Trade in goods by exporter characteristics data available by enterprise employment size and North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). Users have the option of selecting information related to the value of exports and the number of exporting enterprises.

    Release date: 2024-05-16
  • 5. Trade in goods by exporter characteristics, by enterprise employment size and country of destination
    Table: 12-10-0095-01
    Geography: Canada
    Frequency: Annual
    Description:

    Trade in goods by exporter characteristics data available by enterprise employment size and country of destination. Users have the option of selecting information related to the value of exports and the number of exporting enterprises.

    Release date: 2024-05-16
  • 6. Trade in goods by exporter characteristics, by enterprise employment size and region type
    Table: 12-10-0096-01
    Geography: Canada
    Frequency: Annual
    Description:

    Trade in goods by exporter characteristics data available by enterprise employment size and region type. Region type includes exports to United States only, to non-United States countries only, and to both US and non-US countries. Users have the option of selecting information related to the value of exports and the number of exporting enterprises.

    Release date: 2024-05-16
  • 7. Trade in goods by exporter characteristics, by enterprise employment size and export size
    Table: 12-10-0097-01
    Geography: Canada
    Frequency: Annual
    Description:

    Trade in goods by exporter characteristics data available by enterprise employment size and export size. Users have the option of selecting information related to the value of exports and the number of exporting enterprises.

    Release date: 2024-05-16
  • 8. Trade in goods by exporter characteristics, by industry of establishment
    Table: 12-10-0098-01
    Geography: Canada, Geographical region of Canada, Province or territory
    Frequency: Annual
    Description:

    Trade in goods by exporter characteristics data available by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) industry codes at the establishment level. Users have the option of selecting information related to the value of exports and the number of exporting establishments in all provinces and territories in Canada.

    Release date: 2024-05-16
  • 9. International merchandise trade for all countries and by Principal Trading Partners, monthly
    Table: 12-10-0011-01
    Geography: Canada
    Frequency: Monthly
    Description: International merchandise trade data grouped by Principal Trading Partners (PTP). Users have the option of selecting Imports, Exports, or Trade Balance. Data are unadjusted and seasonally adjusted, and are on a Customs and Balance of Payments basis.
    Release date: 2024-05-02
  • 10. Canadian International Merchandise Trade Web Application
    Data Visualization: 71-607-X2021004
    Description: The Canadian International Merchandise Trade (CIMT) Web Application offers the most detailed commodity trade data using the Harmonized System (HS) classification of goods (the 8-digit commodity level for exports and the 10-digit for imports). The CIMT Web Application also offers data at the international 6-digit commodity level. With the CIMT Web Application the user can visualize the latest information on customs based monthly trade through tables and charts as well as a time series report. For a selected period of time, one can also customize its selection and visualize trade, export or import, data for a specific trading partner, a specific province and a specific variable such as value, volume and a percentage change on a monthly or annual basis. The application has also the ability to retrieve the top 25 commodities traded between a selected by the user geography, Canada or a province, and trading partner, the World or a specific country, for the month of interest. When desired, the user can copy the data seen on the screen into their preferred data manipulation software.
    Release date: 2024-05-02
Analysis (73)

Analysis (73) (30 to 40 of 73 results)

  • 31. The Impact of Trade on Plant Scale, Production-Run Length and Diversification Archived
    Articles and reports: 11F0027M2006038
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This paper examines the effect of trade liberalization on plant scale, production-run length and product diversification. We first develop a model of trade in differentiated products with multi-product plants. We then present empirical evidence using a large panel of Canadian manufacturing plants and their experience with the 1989 Canada-U.S. Free Trade Agreement (FTA). The model predicts that the bilateral tariff reduction reduces the product diversification of exporting plants, increases the production-run length and has an ambiguous effect on the size of those plants. It also reduces the product diversification and size of non-exporting plants, and has no effect on the production-run length of those plants. The empirical evidence on non-exporting plants provides broad support for the model. The evidence on exporting plants shows that exporters reduce product diversification, and increase production-run length and plant size, but those changes do not appear to be related to tariff cuts. Once in the export markets, plants respond to forces other than tariff cuts. Further tariff cuts have less effect on those plants.

    Release date: 2006-05-19
  • 32. Canada's Merchandise Trade with the European Union: 1995 to 2004 Archived
    Articles and reports: 65-507-M2006006
    Description:

    While two way trade between Canada and the EU accounted for 8% of Canada's total trade in 2004, the same as a decade earlier, Canada has seen its trade balance with the EU move ever further into a deficit position. Canadian imports from the EU have increased at twice the annual rate of our exports to the EU since 1995. The increase in imports of pharmaceuticals and the exports of diamonds have had the biggest impact on trade between Canada and the EU during this period.

    Release date: 2006-03-28
  • 33. Canada's place in world trade, 1990 to 2005 Archived
    Articles and reports: 11-010-X20060039135
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    Canada is one of the most trade-oriented countries in the world. This paper looks at how our exports have become more resource-dependent, thanks to energy demand from the US and overseas demand for industrial goods. Meanwhile, our imports have diversified away from the US and Japan, mostly to China.

    Release date: 2006-03-16
  • 34. Feeding the Dragon: Canadian Exporters and a Booming China Archived
    Articles and reports: 11-621-M2006037
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This study examines China's principal imports from Canada and the world between 1998 and 2004 using the United Nations "UN Comtrade" Database. The study focuses on exports by key Canadian industries to China such as organic chemicals, wood pulp, metal and wheat.

    Release date: 2006-03-14
  • 35. Foreign Control of Canada's Merchandise Exports, 2002 Archived
    Articles and reports: 65-507-M2005004
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    Foreign control of a country's economic assets is of great interest to industry and policy makers alike. In 2002, foreign controlled exporting establishments operating in Canada represented about 10% of the total number of exporting establishments on Statistics Canada's Exporter Register. Total exports by those (foreign controlled) establishments in 2002 was in the amount of $155 billion - about half of the total exports in that year. It is contended that the lowering of barriers to trade with the U.S. has made it easier, not only for Canadian exporters to do business and invest in the U.S., but also for foreign enterprises to establish a physical presence in Canada in order to gain better access to the lucrative North American market. The paper examines to what extent the above contention is valid. The paper also examines the differences between industries, variation between countries, the diversity of export destinations and foreign control by province.

    Release date: 2005-10-03
  • 36. How Canada compares in the G8 Archived
    Articles and reports: 75-001-X200510613144
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    The G8 countries have only 13% of the world's population, but they account for 46% of the global economy. Despite being the smallest member of the group, Canada's GDP per capita puts it near the top of the economic ranking. This article presents selected indicators from various sources to describe how Canada compares with the other members of the G8, highlighting changes since the early 1990s.

    Release date: 2005-09-21
  • 37. Merchandise Trade Reconciliation Study: Canada-China, 2002 and 2003 Archived
    Articles and reports: 65-507-M2005003
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    Trade statistics produced by one country will frequently differ from those produced by its trading partner(s) reflecting conceptual, definitional and reporting differences of the countries involved. This is evident with Canadian and Chinese merchandise trade numbers. Reconciled data show that Canada had a smaller trade deficit with China than official published Canadian numbers, while China had a larger surplus with Canada than official published Chinese statistics.

    This paper examines the differences in trade statistics between the two countries and provides estimates to better reflect the actual trade in 2002 and 2003.

    Release date: 2005-08-16
  • 38. Trade Liberalization, Profitability, and Financial Leverage Archived
    Articles and reports: 11F0019M2005256
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    We investigate whether trade liberalization affects profitability and financial leverage, using Canadian data from the period following implementation of the Canada-U.S. Free Trade Agreement. We find that falling domestic tariffs are associated with declining profits and increasing leverage for import-competing firms, while falling foreign tariffs are associated with increasing profits and decreasing leverage for firms in export-oriented industries. This pattern is consistent with the "pecking order" theory of capital structure.

    Release date: 2005-06-22
  • 39. Summary Of: Trade Liberalization, Profitability, and Financial Leverage Archived
    Articles and reports: 11F0019M2005257
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This article summarizes findings from the research paper entitled: Trade liberalization, profitability, and financial leverage. Changes in international trade policy may influence financial leverage, the relative importance of debt as opposed to equity in financing the firm, expressed by a debt-to-asset ratio. The primary objective of this paper is to investigate empirically whether trade liberalization has an impact on leverage. The second is to estimate the effect of trade liberalization on profitability. Changes in trade policy are a major part of the international business environment, and our theoretical formulation suggests that trade liberalization influences leverage largely through its effect on profits. Therefore, testing the link between liberalization and profits is a central test of our overall theoretical structure. The paper is divided into the following sections: four testable hypotheses regarding the possible effect of trade liberalization on profits and leverage; a description of the data set; empirical results and analysis; and concluding remarks.

    Release date: 2005-06-22
  • 40. Key Trends in Canada's International Trade in Machinery and Transport Equipment, 1980-2003 Archived
    Articles and reports: 65-507-M2005002
    Description:

    The paper examines the data for the period from 1980 to 2003 on machinery and transport equipment, identifies some key trends in the data and explains those trends in light of major economic events of the last two decades.

    Release date: 2005-06-21
Reference (4)

Reference (4) ((4 results))

  • 1. Balance of Payments trade in goods at Statistics Canada: Expanding geographic detail to 27 principal trading partners
    Notices and consultations: 13-605-X201400414107
    Description:

    Beginning in November 2014, International Trade in goods data will be provided on a Balance of Payments (BOP) basis for additional country detail. In publishing this data, BOP-based exports to and imports from 27 countries, referred to as Canada’s Principal Trading Partners (PTPs), will be highlighted for the first time. BOP-based trade in goods data will be available for countries such as China and Mexico, Brazil and India, South Korea, and our largest European Union trading partners, in response to substantial demand for information on these countries in recent years. Until now, Canada’s geographical trading patterns have been examined almost exclusively through analysis of Customs-based trade data. Moreover, BOP trade in goods data for these countries will be available alongside the now quarterly Trade in Services data as well as annual Foreign Direct Investment data for many of these Principal Trading Partners, facilitating country-level international trade and investment analysis using fully comparable data. The objective of this article is to introduce these new measures. This note will first walk users through the key BOP concepts, most importantly the concept of change in ownership. This will serve to familiarize analysts with the Balance of Payments framework for analyzing country-level data, in contrast to Customs-based trade data. Second, some preliminary analysis will be reviewed to illustrate the concepts, with provisional estimates for BOP-based trade with China serving as the principal example. Lastly, we will outline the expansion of quarterly trade in services to generate new estimates of trade for the PTPs and discuss future work in trade statistics.

    Release date: 2014-11-04
  • 2. Culture Goods Trade Data User Guide Archived
    Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 81-595-M2006040
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This guide discusses the collection and interpretation of statistical data on Canada's trade in culture goods. This guide has been restructured and simplified to better meet the needs of data users. This version replaces Culture Goods Trade Estimates: Methodology and Technical Notes, Catalogue no. 81-595-MIE2004020.

    Release date: 2006-03-30
  • 3. From Concord to Chardonnay: Canada's Grape Transformation Archived
    Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 96-328-M2004016
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This activity looks at how Canada's grape industry has transformed itself in the wake of the Canada-U.S. Free Trade Agreement.

    Release date: 2004-10-29
  • 4. Culture Goods Trade Estimates: Methodology and Technical Notes Archived
    Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 81-595-M2004020
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This article discusses the collection and interpretation of statistical data on Canada's trade in culture goods. It defines the products that are included in culture trade and explains how appropriate products are selected from the relevant classification standards.

    This version has been replaced by Culture Goods Trade Data User Guide, Catalogue No. 81-595-MIE2006040.

    Release date: 2004-07-28
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