Economic accounts

Description:

The networked economy involves economic and social actors and the links that tie them together. The information and communication technologies that provide the links are changing, as are the electronic products that they deliver. This requires the statistical office to introduce new surveys and to develop and use relevant industrial and product classifications. As technology changes, so does the way of doing business and trade in a global economy, with implications for statistics on labour, balance of payments and prices, and, more generally for the whole System of National Accounts. While the networked economy is the way of the future, there are people and businesses that cannot participate fully and there is a need for statistical information about them. This paper looks at these issues, at the statistics that are being developed, and at some of the gaps that are arising.

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As of January 31, 2002 the monthly GDP by industry estimates will include Information and Communications Technologies (ICT) series. Three new aggregation series for the Information and Communications Technologies (ICT) sector and its manufacturing and services components are available back to January 1997 on CANSIM II.

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This study examines provincial differences in productivity (GDP per job) using decomposition and regression analysis. In the first stage of the study, the relative size of productivity differences across provinces is examined. Then, these differences are decomposed into two components - the first is the portion of the difference that arises from industry-mix, and the second is due to "real" productivity differences at the industry level. The paper also examines the contributions of the "new" and "old" economy sectors to differences in provincial productivity. Finally, regression analysis is performed in order to determine the statistical significance of interprovincial productivity differences. The paper finds that British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Ontario and Quebec do not differ significantly from another in terms of GDP per job after differences in industry mix are considered. Manitoba and the Atlantic Provinces lag behind the others. Most of the difference in the latter two cases stems from "real" differences at the industry level rather than from the effect of differences in industry mix. The Natural Resources sector plays an important role in bolstering the performance of Alberta and Saskatchewan.

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In 1999, Canada's travel account balance (including passenger fares), the difference between the expenditures of foreign visitors in the country and those of Canadian residents outside the country, measured its lowest deficit since 1988, declining to $3.0 billion.

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This paper examines some of the fundamental issues behind foreign affiliate trade statistics (FATS), including what they are, who needs them and why they have become so important, and Statistics Canada's plan for collecting FATS.

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In 1994, Statistics Canada published its first estimates of a Tourism Satellite Account (TSA) for the 1988 reference year. In all subsequent work, there has been an ongoing concern on the part of Canadian national accountants with respect to the need for regular updates to the TSA. This article marks the completion of the work involved in updating the TSA for the 1992 reference year and the revisions made to the 1988 year. An analysis of the results as well as a discussion of the structural changes between the two reference years is presented in this paper. In addition, the underlying reasons for the revisions to the previously published 1988 estimates are discussed. A section is also devoted to future developments currently under consideration in the Canadian context, in particular those relating to the development of provincial TSAs for the 1996 reference year.

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As of May 31, 2001 the Quarterly Income and Expenditure Accounts will have adopted the following change: Capitalization of software.

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As of May 31, 2001 the Quarterly Income and Expenditure Accounts will have adopted the following change: Capitalization of software.

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As of September 28, 2001 the annual revision of monthly GDP by industry estimates will include major classification and conceptual changes: Change in valuation from factor cost to basic prices.

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As of September 28, 2001 the annual revision of monthly GDP by industry estimates will include major classification and conceptual changes: Adoption of NAICS.

Description: This table contains 4060 series, with data for years 1961 - 1996 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years). This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (1 items: Canada ...) Inputs-outputs (2 items: Inputs; Outputs ...) North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) (63 items: Total industries; Crop and animal production; Forestry and logging; Fishing; hunting and trapping ...) Commodity (112 items: Total commodities; Grains; Live animals; Other agricultural products ...).

Description: This table contains 13713 series, with data for years 1961 - 1996 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years). This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (1 items: Canada ...) Inputs-outputs (2 items: Inputs; Outputs ...) North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) (118 items: Total industries; Crop and animal production; Forestry and logging; Fishing; hunting and trapping ...) Commodity (470 items: Total commodities; Hogs; Poultry; Cattle and calves ...).

Description:

This table contains 399 series, with data for years 1981 - 1997 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years), and was last released on 2009-01-23. This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (16 items: Canada; Newfoundland and Labrador; Prince Edward Island; Nova Scotia ...), Implicit price index components (29 items: Gross domestic product (GDP) at market prices; Semi-durable goods; Durable goods; Personal expenditure on consumer goods and services ...).

Description:

This table contains 173 series, with data for years 1961 - 1980 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years), and was last released on 2009-01-23. This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (15 items: Canada; Prince Edward Island; Nova Scotia; Newfoundland and Labrador ...), Income-based estimates (12 items: Corporation profits before taxes; Provincial gross domestic product (GDP) at market prices; Net domestic income at factor cost; Interest and miscellaneous investment income ...).

Description:

This table contains 509 series, with data for years 1961 - 1980 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years), and was last released on 2009-01-23. This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (15 items: Canada; Nova Scotia; Newfoundland and Labrador; Prince Edward Island ...), Expenditure-based estimates (35 items: Provincial gross domestic product (GDP) at market prices; Personal expenditure on consumer services; Durable goods; Personal expenditure on consumer goods and services ...).

Description:

This table contains 20 series, with data for years 1981 - 1991 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years), and was last released on 2009-01-23. This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (1 items: Outside Canada ...), Expenditure-based estimates (20 items: Final domestic demand; Personal expenditure on consumer goods and services; Government current expenditure on goods and services; Personal expenditure on consumer services ...).

Description:

This table contains 476 series, with data for years 1971 - 1991 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years), and was last released on 2009-01-23. This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (14 items: Canada; Nova Scotia; Prince Edward Island; Newfoundland and Labrador ...), Final domestic demand components (34 items: Final domestic demand; total; Personal expenditure on consumer goods and services; Durable goods; Semi-durable goods ...).

Description:

This table contains 19 series, with data for years 1981 - 1991 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years), and was last released on 2009-01-23. This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (1 items: Outside Canada ...), Implicit price index components (19 items: Provincial gross domestic product (GDP) at market prices; Personal expenditure on consumer goods and services; Government current expenditure on goods and services; Services ...).

Description:

This table contains 406 series, with data for years 1971 - 1991 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years), and was last released on 2009-01-23. This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (14 items: Canada; Newfoundland and Labrador; Nova Scotia; Prince Edward Island ...), Implicit price index, components (29 items: Final domestic demand; total; Durable goods; Semi-durable goods; Personal expenditure on consumer goods and services ...).

Description: This table contains 1404 series, with data for years 1961 - 1997 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years), and was last released on 2009-01-22. This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (1 items: Canada ...), Multifactor productivity and related variables (27 items: Multifactor productivity based on gross output; Multifactor productivity based on value-added; Labour productivity based on value-added; Labour productivity based on gross output ...), Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) (52 items: Agricultural and related services industries; Mining (including milling); quarrying and oil well industries; Fishing and trapping industries; Logging and forestry industries ...).

Description:

Following normal practice, the annual revision of the National Economic and Financial Accounts has been carried out and the revised estimates have been released along with those for the first quarter of 1995. This annual revision of the different parts of the System of National Accounts is an integrated process, with revised estimates of the Income and Expenditure Accounts, Financial Flow Accounts and the Balance of International Payments being released simultaneously. Corresponding revisions to the monthly estimates of gross domestic product (GDP), by industry and to the Input-Output Accounts at current and constant prices will be completed in August.

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When productivity increases in a sector, does it mean employment growth? This article explores the question and introduces a new concept: multifactor productivity.

Description:

There has been growing interest in recent years about the scope of tourism in Canada. In response to this demand for information, Statistics Canada has developed a Tourism Satellite Account (TSA) which provides some answers to questions such as: Which industries constitute 'the tourism industry'? What are the industry's gross domestic product (GDP) and employment rates? And what is the extent of tourism-related expenditures?

This article reports on the research that Statistics Canada has undertaken as part of an ongoing examination of the tourism industry.

Description:

This (1994) paper considers four alternative definitions of the underground economy and examines the available evidence about its size. Statistics Canada believes the underground economy is far smaller than the money demand studies have suggested.

Description:

Revised estimates of the Income and Expenditure Accounts (IEA) covering 1990 to 1993 have been released along with the estimates for the first quarter of 1994. These revised estimates reflect the most current source data and seasonal patterns. The annual revision of the different parts of the System of National Accounts is an integrated process. Revised estimates of two other parts of the system, the Balance of International Payments and Financial Flow Accounts, have been released simultaneously. Corresponding revisions to the monthly estimates of the gross domestic product (GDP), by industry and to the Input-Output Accounts at current and constant prices will be available at the end of August.

The first section of this paper reviews the current revisions to the GDP and the main aggregates. The second section analyses the revision patterns of selected income and expenditure aggregates of the GDP over the period 1980 to 1993. For further information on sources, methods and definitions employed in the IE A, refer to the Guide to the Income and Expenditure Accounts, Catalogue no. 13-603E, no. 1.

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This article presents the first results from a study of the value of household work (VHW) in Canada for 1992. The study, the fourth of its kind, is part of continuing efforts to extend measures of production both within and outside Statistics Canada's System of National Accounts. A more in-depth report on the study is currently being prepared.

Description:

Revised estimates of the Income and Expenditure Accounts covering 1989 to 1992 have been released along with the estimates for the first quarter of 1993. These revised estimates reflect the most current source data and seasonal patterns. The annual revision of the different parts of the System of the National Accounts is an integrated process. As such, revised estimates of two other parts of the system -- the Balance of International Payments and Financial Flow Accounts -- have been released simultaneously. Corresponding revisions to the monthly estimates of Gross Domestic Product by Industry and to the Input-Output Accounts at current and constant prices are also available.

Description:

This article introduces two new tables showing volume indexes of real gross domestic product (GDP) per capita and its components for Canada compared with the United States and the associated purchasing power parities (PPPs). These international comparisons of real expenditures based on PPPs are considered to be a major addition to the tools available for macroeconomic analysis. For example, the recent publication by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) of a set of estimates of different countries' output using PPPs has changed the view of the share of world output that comes from the industrialized countries compared with the developing economies.

An analysis based on PPPs, rather than a more conventional one based on exchange rates, has significantly changed the relative measures of output of countries. Comparisons based on exchange rates are unlikely to fully take into account the differences in price levels between countries (i.e., the goods and services that can be purchased in one country's currency compared with another's). Moreover, services are not generally traded in the way that goods are, so their prices in different countries tend not to be related in a way that parallels the currency exchange rate. If aggregate output is to be properly compared across countries, PPPs become more and more important as the size of the service sector grows.

Economic theory would suggest that for internationally traded domestically produced goods and services, PPPs and exchange rates will tend to equalize in the long run. Exchange rates, however, can fluctuate widely in short periods and are affected by expectations and factors such as deficits, wars, fuel shortages and interest rates. With the calculation of PPPs, actual price level differences can be identified. Such measures are also much more stable over time.

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The interview discusses Canada's transition from an industrial to an information economy.

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Has recovery begun? An up-to-date look at labour market developments in the first six months of 1991.

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An explanation of the structure and concepts of Canada’s balance of payments and international investment position accounts.

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An explanation of the structure and concepts of Canada’s financial flow and national balance sheet accounts.

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An explanation of the national accounts price-quantity decomposition using Laspeyres, Paasche and Fisher indexes.

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A review of the seven-decade history of Canada’s System of Macroeconomic Accounts connecting the story to the evolution of the international SNA, plus a discussion of the uses and users of Canada’s accounts.

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An explanation of the structure and concepts of Canada’s income and expenditure accounts.

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An introduction and overview of the Canadian System of Macroeconomic Accounts.

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An explanation of key national accounting concepts involving stocks and flows; the distinction between price and volume changes; production, distribution, consumption and accumulation; residence; institutional units and sectors; classifications; and accounting concepts. Also includes a description of SNA 2008’s sequence of accounts.

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An explanation of the structure and concepts of Canada’s supply and use accounts.

Description: The Methodological Guide: Canadian System of Macroeconomic Accounts provides readers with information on macroeconomic accounts at Statistics Canada. It provides links to produced data and publications and describes the concepts, sources, and methods used to compile them. Topics include gross domestic product, national economic accounts (incomes, expenditures, savings, capital formation, financial flows and balance sheet accounts), supply and use tables, provincial and territorial economic accounts, productivity, balance of payments, international investment position and government finance statistics.

This user's guide has been developed by the Macroeconomic Accounts Program to facilitate access to macroeconomic accounting information throughout Statistics Canada and to explain its linkage with international standards, such as the System of National Accounts, 2008. This guide is continually being updated to maintain its relevance.

Description:

The Methodological Guide: Canadian System of Environmental-Economic Accounting provides readers with information on environmental-economic accounts at Statistics Canada. It provides links to produced data and publications and describes the concepts, sources, and methods used to compile them. Topics include ecosystem accounting, asset accounts (natural resources in physical and monetary terms), physical flow accounts (energy and water use, and waste and greenhouse gas emissions), environmental activity statistics (expenditures on environmental protection), and the applications and extensions of those accounts (attribution of physical flows to final demand and intensity measures).

This user's guide has been developed by the Environmental Statistics Program to facilitate access to environmental-economic accounting information throughout Statistics Canada and to explain its linkage with international standards, the United Nations System of Environmental-Economic Accounting. This guide is continually being updated to maintain its relevance.