Balance of international payments

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  • 1. Canada's Net Foreign Debt at Market Value Archived
    Articles and reports: 11-626-X2012018
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This article in the Economic Insights series highlights the new set of estimates for Canadian direct investment abroad and Foreign direct investment in Canada that present Canada's international investment position on a market value basis. It is one of a series of Economic Insights articles designed to emphasize key aspects of the new national accounts data and their utility for analyses of the Canadian economy. Several of these articles highlight changes to the organization of the national accounts data or draw attention to improvements in measurement.

    Release date: 2012-10-25
  • 2. Is Canada Losing Its Status As a Debtor Nation? Archived
    Articles and reports: 11-626-X2012005
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This Economic Insights article reports on long-run changes in the value of Canada's external financial assets and liabilities. It summarizes results from the research paper, Canada's International Investment Position: Recent Trends and Implications for Aggregate Measures of Income and Wealth, and is part of an ongoing research program at Statistics Canada that investigates the international dimensions of the Canadian economy.

    Release date: 2012-02-29
  • 3. The evolution of the global financial crisis and cross-border financial activity, 2007-2010 Archived
    Articles and reports: 11-010-X201000911343
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    A review of how the unfolding of the global financial crisis was reflected in securities transactions and investment flows into and out of Canada.

    Release date: 2010-09-16
  • 4. Canadian and U.S. Real Income Growth Pre and Post 2000: A Reversal of Fortunes Archived
    Articles and reports: 11F0027M2007048
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    Evaluations of an economy's economic performance are often made using a measure of real gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, which represents the average remuneration (labour income plus capital services) that an economy generates through domestic production.

    Because real GDP is a constant dollar measure of the remuneration to capital and labour in an economy, it does not account for who owns the capital, how much of it is used up through production or how relative price shifts affect the volume of goods and services that can be purchased.

    Modifications can be made to traditional estimates of GDP to account for these factors. This paper examines the performance of the Canadian economy using alternate measures' gross domestic income, gross national income and net national income. The paper also examines the relative performance of the Canadian and U.S. economies using standard GDP measures and these alternate measures.

    The comparison spans the period from 1980 to 2006, but focuses on the 2002-to-2006 period. During these latter years, changes in commodity prices, manufactured goods prices, the exchange rate, international investment income and capital consumption have all contributed importantly to real income growth in Canada.

    As a result, a very different picture of relative performance of the Canadian and U.S. economies emerges when an aggregate income measure is used that accounts for relative price changes, international income flows and capital consumption than when real GDP is used. From 2002 to 2006, U.S. real GDP per capita grew 9.3% while Canadian GDP per capita rose 7.0%, making it appear that the U.S. economy was outperforming the Canadian economy. However, once changes in resource prices and the exchange rate, international investment income and capital consumption are taken into account, real income per capita in the United States increased by 8.6%, which is similar to its GDP per capita growth. However, the Canadian adjusted measure of real income per capita growth rose 15.6%, more than twice the per capita real GDP growth in Canada and nearly double the U.S. rate.

    In contrast, the difference between the two economies was exactly the opposite in the period from 1980 to 2000 when commodity prices were falling, when the exchange rate was not appreciating and when outward flows of income to foreigners were increasing relative to the income paid to Canadians. During this period, when consideration is given to these factors, real income measures in Canada were falling relative to those in the United States.

    Release date: 2007-11-22
  • 5. Canadian Direct Investment in 'Offshore Financial Centers' Archived
    Articles and reports: 11-621-M2005021
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This article analyses Canadian direct investment abroad in 'Offshore Financial Centers' between 1990 and 2003. It provides an analysis of the distribution of Canadian direct investment assets in these countries and elsewhere in the world by industry. Lastly, it measures and analyses these countries' contribution to the growth of assets held abroad by Canadian companies during the period.

    Release date: 2005-03-14
  • 6. The tourism trade balance between Canada and the United States, 1991-2003 Archived
    Articles and reports: 87-003-X20050017825
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This article presents a trend analysis of the tourism trade balance between Canada and the United States using data from the International Travel Survey. Specifically, the article is an attempt to identify the factors or travel characteristics that had the greatest effect on the tourism trade balance since 1991. Pre-1991 data are not considered. The study focuses exclusively on travel between Canada and the United States because the U.S. contributes more than any other country to Canada's international travel receipts and is the country where Canadian travellers spend the most outside Canada.

    Release date: 2005-01-26
  • 7. Balance of Payments Division - Research Papers Archived
    Journals and periodicals: 67F0001M
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    These papers deal with selected aspects of Canadas' international economic transactions and international positions with foreign countries. They provide background information as well as in depth analysis on data reported in any of the four following publications: Canadas balance of international payments (67-001-XPB), Canadas international transactions in securities (67-002-XPB), Canadas international investment position (67-202-XPB) and Canadas international transactions in services (67-203-XPB).

    Release date: 2004-12-22
  • 8. Reconciliation of the Canadian - U.S. Current Account, 2002 and 2003 Archived
    Articles and reports: 67F0001M2004022
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    Canada's balance of payments with the United States should be, in principle, the mirror image of the U.S. balance of payments with Canada. In practice, however, the two countries' statistics have conceptual, methodological and data differences.

    Each year, the two countries' balance of payments current accounts are reconciled to reflect how the estimates would appear if both countries used common definitions, methodologies and data sources. Such reconciliation is important because of the extensive economic links between the two countries and the need to explain differences in their published official bilateral estimates.

    Release date: 2004-12-22
  • 9. National versus domestic output: A measure of economic maturity? Archived
    Articles and reports: 11-010-X20040127744
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    Recent media reports suggest that the ratio of gross national income (formerly gross national product) to gross domestic product reflects a nation's 'economic maturity'. Nations at a higher stage of economic development generally have a GNI larger than GDP because of their past investments abroad. Less developed countries that depend on large inflows of foreign investment to finance their growth have a smaller GNI than GDP. This article analyzes how relevant these suggestions are for the Canadian economy. Since 1998, our ratio of GNI to GNP has risen 96% to 98%. In dollar terms, Canadians would have received $16.4 billion less income if GNI had grown only as fast as GDP, equivalent to $512 for every Canadian. Based on recent trends, Canada's GNI could outstrip its GDP for the first time on record before the end of the current decade.

    Release date: 2004-12-16
  • 10. Cross-border Acquisitions: A Canadian Perspective Archived
    Articles and reports: 11-621-M2004013
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This paper presents data on cross-border mergers and acquisitions from a Canadian perspective, for 1997 to 2002.

    Release date: 2004-05-25
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