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  • 11. Income of Families
    13C0016
    Description:

    Annual information is available on census families (couple families and lone-parent families) and persons not in census families.

    Data for families may be requested by age group of family members, number and age of children, average family size, total family income range by age or by number of children, sources of family income, economic dependency, low income families, after-tax income, single-earner and dual-earner families and wife's contribution to total husband-wife employment income. Statistics on persons not in census families provide details on age group, income group and sources of income. The statistics are derived primarily from the annual tax file provided by the Canada Revenue Agency.

    Data for couple families, lone-parent families and persons not in census families can be requested beginning in 1990. The latest data (2019) can be requested for Canada, provinces and territories, federal electoral districts, economic regions, census divisions, census metropolitan areas, census agglomerations, census tracts and certain postal geographies.

    Release date: 2017-07-12
  • 12. Revising Statistics Canada's Low Income Measure (LIM) Archived
    Articles and reports: 75F0002M2010004
    Description:

    Statistics Canada introduced its Low Income Measure (LIM) in 1991 as a complement to its Low Income Cut-Offs (LICOs). The Low Income Measure (LIM) is a dollar threshold that delineates low-income in relation to the median income and different versions of this measure are in wide use internationally. Over the intervening 25 years there have been a number of useful methodological and conceptual developments in the area of low income measurement. To make the Canadian LIM methodology consistent with international norms and practices, a revision of the Statistics Canada LIM methodology appears desirable.

    This paper describes three modifications to the LIM that Statistics Canada plans to introduce in 2010: replacing the economic family by household; replacing the current LIM equivalence scale by the square root of household size; and taking household size into consideration in determining the low-income thresholds. The paper explains the rationale behind each modification and demonstrates the impacts the revisions will have on low-income statistics in comparison with those under the existing LIM. Overall the revisions do not have any significant effect on broad historic trends in low-income statistics in Canada. However, compared to the existing LIM the revised LIM produces lower estimates of low-income incidence for certain groups of individuals such as unattached non-elderly individuals.

    Release date: 2010-06-07
  • 13. International differences in low-paid work Archived
    Articles and reports: 75-001-X200910613231
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    Like the United States and the United Kingdom, Canada has a higher proportion of low-paid jobs than Australia and most countries in continental Europe. While the differences with continental Europe highlight different approaches to the labour market, the much lower rate of low-paid work in Australia is more puzzling since that country shares many similarities with Canada. Differences in wage-setting mechanisms appear to play a role in explaining the disparity in rates of low-paid jobs.

    Release date: 2009-09-18
  • 14. College and university graduates with low earnings in Canada : Demographic and labour market characteristics Archived
    Articles and reports: 81-004-X200900210897
    Description:

    International comparisons show that Canada ranks highest compared to other major countries in terms of the percentage of college and university graduates with low employment earnings. This article uses data from the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics to identify key demographic and employment characteristics that suggest reasons for these graduates' low earnings situations.

    Release date: 2009-06-17
  • 15. Transitions to the Labour Market Archived
    Stats in brief: 81-599-X2009002
    Description:

    This fact sheet provides summary information about students' transitions from school to the labour market, based on data showing employment status, earnings, and the mobility of students and graduates across Canada. Charts and tables released at the same time as this fact sheet complement the text and summarize data for Canada, the provinces and the territories from the Labour Force Survey, the National Graduates Survey, and the Follow-up of Graduates Survey.

    Release date: 2009-06-17
  • 16. High-income Canadians Archived
    Articles and reports: 75-001-X200710913194
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    No agreed-upon definition exists of what constitutes high income, either in dollar cut-offs or as a percentage of the population. Researchers have used widely varying methods, producing widely varying outcomes. This paper presents various criteria for defining high income and looks at some of the characteristics and behaviours of high-income taxfilers under these definitions. Income taxes paid and effective tax rates are also examined.

    Release date: 2007-12-19
  • 17. Low-paid Work and Economically Vulnerable Families over the Last Two Decades Archived
    Articles and reports: 11F0019M2005248
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    We examine the evolution of low-paid work and the position of economically vulnerable families in Canada over the last two decades. Despite substantial growth in workers' educational attainment and experience, the proportion of jobs paying less than $10.00 per hour has remained fairly stable since the early 1980s. However, union coverage in low-paid jobs has dropped, especially for males. The risk of job loss has changed little but the proportion of newly hired employees who hold temporary jobs has increased markedly, thereby indicating important changes in the employer-employee relationship. Despite their rising educational attainment, most low earners (except women aged 25 to 29) have not seen their chances of escaping low earnings improved between the 1980s and the 1990s.

    Of all full-time employees, 5% were low-paid and lived in low income families in 1980 and 2000. In 2000, individuals with no high school diploma, recent immigrants, unattached individuals, lone mothers and persons living alone accounted for fully 71% of all full-time workers in low-paid jobs and in low-income, but only 37% of all full-time workers. While members of these five groups account for the majority of low-paid workers in low-income families, two of these groups have seen their economic position declined significantly: low-educated couples and recent immigrants.

    Release date: 2005-04-25
  • 18. Relative earnings of British Columbia university graduates Archived
    Articles and reports: 81-003-X20020016466
    Geography: Province or territory
    Description:

    This article examines the distribution of annual earnings of B.C. university graduates from the classes of 1974 through 1996.

    Release date: 2003-02-17
  • 19. Income Prospects of British Columbia University Graduates Archived
    Articles and reports: 11F0019M2001170
    Geography: Canada, Province or territory
    Description:

    Using a new dataset which combines the 1982-1997 tax records and administrative records of British Columbia bachelors graduates from the classes of 1974-96, the real market income of graduates is examined, focussing on changes in income between graduating cohorts, as well as differences across major fields of study. For men and women BC graduates, there has been a decline in real annual income received after graduation for more recent cohorts which is eventually offset by a higher growth rate in income. Also, annual incomes after graduation are relatively high for graduates with applied degrees such as in the engineering, education, and health fields, however, incomes converge as graduate cohorts age. The former finding is at odds with those of Beaudry and Green (1997) who found that weekly earnings declined across cohorts for male university graduates, with no offsetting rise in the growth rate (their results were more similar for women). Differences may be due to this paper's use of annual income as an outcome measure, or its focus on BC student's outcomes rather than national outcomes.

    Release date: 2001-05-04
  • 20. Measuring Economic Well-being of Rural Canadians Using Income Archived
    Articles and reports: 21-601-M2001045
    Description:

    This paper provides an overview of the economic well-being of rural Canadians using a variety of income indicators.

    Release date: 2001-04-04
Data (1)

Data (1) ((1 result))

  • 1. Family Incomes, Census Families Archived
    Table: 13-208-X
    Description:

    This publication shows the distribution of census families and persons not in families by size of income, major source of income, region/province, age, sex and other characteristics. The census family concept used is identical to that of the Canadian census. Statistics are derived from the Survey of Consumer Finances, conducted annually since 1972. Definitions and a bibliography are included.

    Release date: 1999-06-28
Analysis (19)

Analysis (19) (0 to 10 of 19 results)

  • 1. Income in Canada, 2020 Archived
    Stats in brief: 11-627-M2022040
    Description:

    Based on the data from the 2021 Census, the following infographic looks at income in Canada for 2020, including median household income, the prevalence of low-income and income inequality.

    Release date: 2022-07-13
  • 2. Infographic: Labour market outcomes for college and university graduates, 2010 to 2014 Archived
    Stats in brief: 11-627-M2018039
    Description:

    This infographic details the median employment income earned by Canadian postsecondary graduates 2 and 5 years after obtaining their credential.

    Release date: 2018-12-04
  • 3. The socioeconomic portrait of Canada’s evolving farm population Archived
    Stats in brief: 11-627-M2018041
    Description:

    Based on the 2016 Census of Agriculture and 2016 Census of Population, this infographic looks at the distribution of the Canadian farm population by province, by location (rural vs urban) and by median household income.

    Release date: 2018-11-27
  • 4. The income of Canadians Archived
    Stats in brief: 11-627-M2018006
    Description:

    The infographic looks at income in Canada, including the percentage of persons in low income, government transfers and the median after-tax income by family type for reference period 2016. 

    Release date: 2018-03-13
  • 5. Revising Statistics Canada's Low Income Measure (LIM) Archived
    Articles and reports: 75F0002M2010004
    Description:

    Statistics Canada introduced its Low Income Measure (LIM) in 1991 as a complement to its Low Income Cut-Offs (LICOs). The Low Income Measure (LIM) is a dollar threshold that delineates low-income in relation to the median income and different versions of this measure are in wide use internationally. Over the intervening 25 years there have been a number of useful methodological and conceptual developments in the area of low income measurement. To make the Canadian LIM methodology consistent with international norms and practices, a revision of the Statistics Canada LIM methodology appears desirable.

    This paper describes three modifications to the LIM that Statistics Canada plans to introduce in 2010: replacing the economic family by household; replacing the current LIM equivalence scale by the square root of household size; and taking household size into consideration in determining the low-income thresholds. The paper explains the rationale behind each modification and demonstrates the impacts the revisions will have on low-income statistics in comparison with those under the existing LIM. Overall the revisions do not have any significant effect on broad historic trends in low-income statistics in Canada. However, compared to the existing LIM the revised LIM produces lower estimates of low-income incidence for certain groups of individuals such as unattached non-elderly individuals.

    Release date: 2010-06-07
  • 6. International differences in low-paid work Archived
    Articles and reports: 75-001-X200910613231
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    Like the United States and the United Kingdom, Canada has a higher proportion of low-paid jobs than Australia and most countries in continental Europe. While the differences with continental Europe highlight different approaches to the labour market, the much lower rate of low-paid work in Australia is more puzzling since that country shares many similarities with Canada. Differences in wage-setting mechanisms appear to play a role in explaining the disparity in rates of low-paid jobs.

    Release date: 2009-09-18
  • 7. College and university graduates with low earnings in Canada : Demographic and labour market characteristics Archived
    Articles and reports: 81-004-X200900210897
    Description:

    International comparisons show that Canada ranks highest compared to other major countries in terms of the percentage of college and university graduates with low employment earnings. This article uses data from the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics to identify key demographic and employment characteristics that suggest reasons for these graduates' low earnings situations.

    Release date: 2009-06-17
  • 8. Transitions to the Labour Market Archived
    Stats in brief: 81-599-X2009002
    Description:

    This fact sheet provides summary information about students' transitions from school to the labour market, based on data showing employment status, earnings, and the mobility of students and graduates across Canada. Charts and tables released at the same time as this fact sheet complement the text and summarize data for Canada, the provinces and the territories from the Labour Force Survey, the National Graduates Survey, and the Follow-up of Graduates Survey.

    Release date: 2009-06-17
  • 9. High-income Canadians Archived
    Articles and reports: 75-001-X200710913194
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    No agreed-upon definition exists of what constitutes high income, either in dollar cut-offs or as a percentage of the population. Researchers have used widely varying methods, producing widely varying outcomes. This paper presents various criteria for defining high income and looks at some of the characteristics and behaviours of high-income taxfilers under these definitions. Income taxes paid and effective tax rates are also examined.

    Release date: 2007-12-19
  • 10. Low-paid Work and Economically Vulnerable Families over the Last Two Decades Archived
    Articles and reports: 11F0019M2005248
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    We examine the evolution of low-paid work and the position of economically vulnerable families in Canada over the last two decades. Despite substantial growth in workers' educational attainment and experience, the proportion of jobs paying less than $10.00 per hour has remained fairly stable since the early 1980s. However, union coverage in low-paid jobs has dropped, especially for males. The risk of job loss has changed little but the proportion of newly hired employees who hold temporary jobs has increased markedly, thereby indicating important changes in the employer-employee relationship. Despite their rising educational attainment, most low earners (except women aged 25 to 29) have not seen their chances of escaping low earnings improved between the 1980s and the 1990s.

    Of all full-time employees, 5% were low-paid and lived in low income families in 1980 and 2000. In 2000, individuals with no high school diploma, recent immigrants, unattached individuals, lone mothers and persons living alone accounted for fully 71% of all full-time workers in low-paid jobs and in low-income, but only 37% of all full-time workers. While members of these five groups account for the majority of low-paid workers in low-income families, two of these groups have seen their economic position declined significantly: low-educated couples and recent immigrants.

    Release date: 2005-04-25
Reference (5)

Reference (5) ((5 results))

  • 1. Aggregated and derived income concepts and income statistics, 2021 Census of Population
    Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 98-20-00032021011
    Description: This video explains the key concepts of different levels of aggregation of income data such as household and family income; income concepts derived from key income variables such as adjusted income and equivalence scale; and statistics used for income data such as median and average income, quartiles, quintiles, deciles and percentiles.
    Release date: 2023-03-29
  • 2. Overview of the Education and Labour Market Longitudinal Platform and Associated Datasets, 2022 Archived
    Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 37-20-00012022004
    Description:

    This technical reference guide (updated to include the 2022 datasets) is intended for users of the Education and Labour Market Longitudinal Platform (ELMLP). The data for the products associated with this issue are derived from integrating Postsecondary Student Information System (PSIS) administrative data with other administrative data on earnings. Statistics Canada has derived a series of annual indicators on the labour market outcomes of public postsecondary graduates including median employment income by educational qualification, field of study, age group and gender for Canada, the provinces and the territories combined.

    Release date: 2022-06-06
  • 3. Labour market outcomes for college and university graduates, 2010 to 2017 Archived
    Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 37-20-00012021005
    Description:

    This technical reference guide is intended for users of the Education and Labour Market Longitudinal Platform (ELMLP). The data for the products associated with this issue are derived from integrating Postsecondary Student Information System (PSIS) administrative data with other administrative data on earnings. Statistics Canada has derived a series of annual indicators on the labour market outcomes of public postsecondary graduates including median employment income by educational qualification, field of study, age group and sex for Canada, the provinces and the territories combined.

    Release date: 2021-10-21
  • 4. Labour market outcomes for college and university graduates, 2010 to 2016 Archived
    Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 37-20-00012020004
    Description:

    This technical reference guide is intended for users of the Education and Labour Market Longitudinal Platform (ELMLP). The data for the products associated with this issue are derived from integrating Postsecondary Student Information System (PSIS) administrative data with other administrative data on earnings. Statistics Canada has derived a series of annual indicators on the labour market outcomes of public postsecondary graduates including median employment income by educational qualification, field of study, age group and sex for Canada, the provinces and the territories combined.

    Release date: 2020-11-05
  • 5. Labour market outcomes for college and university graduates, 2010 to 2014 Archived
    Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 37-20-00012018001
    Description:

    This technical reference guide is intended for users of the Education and Labour Market Longitudinal Platform (ELMLP). The data for the products associated with this issue are derived from integrating Postsecondary Student Information System (PSIS) administrative data with other administrative data on earnings. Statistics Canada has derived a series of annual indicators on the labour market outcomes of public postsecondary graduates including median employment income by educational qualification, field of study, age group and sex for Canada, the provinces and the territories combined.

    Release date: 2018-12-04
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