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Description:

Labour force characteristic estimates by visible minority group, age group, and sex.

Description:

Labour force characteristic estimates by visible minority group, region, age group, and sex.

Description: Many seniors work past their mid-60s for various reasons. Some find it necessary to keep working because of inadequate retirement savings, mortgage payments, unforeseen expenses, or the responsibility to support children and other family members in Canada or abroad. Others choose to work to provide a sense of personal fulfillment, stay active and remain engaged. This article uses data from the Labour Force Survey (LFS) and examines the degree to which Canadian-born and immigrant seniors aged 65 to 74 worked by choice or necessity in 2022.

Description: Social connections and relationships are important, yet often overlooked, indicators of well-being. For immigrants, these networks are also important for integration. This study examines how immigrant women’s sociodemographic characteristics and life-course circumstances are associated with the size and composition of their personal networks and provides comparisons with Canadian-born women.

Description: 2021 economic outcomes of taxfiling immigrants admitted between 0 and 14 years of age compared to Canadian taxfilers by age at taxation, sex, admission category, period of admission, age group at admission, and low income duration during first 4 years after admission, for Canada and provinces.

Description: Differences in the number and proportion of persons with and without disabilities, by age group and gender, Canada, provinces and territories.

Description: Differences in the number and proportion of persons with disabilities with either mild, moderate, severe, or very severe disabilities, by age group and gender, Canada, provinces and territories.

Description: Differences in the type of disabilities persons with disabilities have, by age group and gender, Canada, provinces and territories.

Description: Differences between persons with and without disabilities in terms of those who are employed, unemployed, or not in the labour force, by age group and gender, Canada, provinces and territories.

Description: Differences in highest level of educational attainment between persons with and without disabilities as well as how it varies by level of severity of disability, by age group and gender, Canada, provinces and territories.

Description: Income of Immigrant tax-filers, by sex, pre-admission experience, knowledge of official languages at admission, immigrant admission category, admission year and tax year, for Canada and provinces, 2021 constant dollars.

Description: Income of Immigrant taxfilers, by sex, immigrant admission category, socio-demographic profile, admission year and tax year, for Canada and provinces, 2021 constant dollars.

Description: Income of asylum claimants, by sex, age group, birth area, residency status, claim year, and tax year, for Canada and provinces, 2021 constant dollars.

Description: Immigrant income, by sex, pre-admission experience, knowledge of official languages at admission, immigrant admission category, admission year and tax year, for Canada, provinces and economic regions, 2021 constant dollars.

Description: Income of Immigrant taxfilers, by sex, pre-admission experience, knowledge of official languages at admission, immigrant admission category, admission year and tax year, for Canada, provinces and census metropolitan areas, 2021 constant dollars.

Description: Number of persons in the labour force (employment and unemployment) and not in the labour force, unemployment rate, participation rate, and employment rate, by immigrant status and age group, last 5 years.

Description: Labour force characteristic estimates by age group, sex, and visible minority group.

Description: Labour force characteristic estimates by region, age group, sex, and visible minority group.

Description: Data on resident owners who are persons occupying one of their residential properties: immigration characteristics (immigration status, period of immigration, admission category, place of birth), age, total family income, the number and the total assessment value of residential properties owned.

Description: The number of postsecondary enrolments, by status of student in Canada, country of citizenship, Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016, Cannabis STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) and BHASE (business, humanities, health, arts, social science and education) groupings, International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED), institution type and gender.

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This paper outlines the experience of visible minorities in Canada as victims in the criminal justice system, using a mix of demographic, economic and justice data.

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This article examines the migratory behaviour of individuals in the context of a family strategy.

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This paper addressed the need for alternative education systems and programs for "at-risk" African-Canadian, visible minority, and First Nations children and youth.

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This article looks at the changes in immigration to Canada during the 20th century.

Description:

The agriculture industry in Canada was built largely by immigrants. They arrived, mostly from Europe and Asia, as land grant settlers and homesteaders or as indentured or hired labour. Times have changed. Ninety percent of foreign born Canadians now live in the 15 largest cities. While many recent immigrants still work in agriculture, increasingly they are entrepreneurs who are managing businesses of significant size.

Description:

This article examines Canada's growing visible minority population in Toronto, Vancouver and Montreal.

Description:

While there are many studies on differences in earnings between immigrants and the native-born or among immigrant groups, they ignore the distribution and concentration of income. These aspects are important for understanding the distribution of economic welfare and consumer behaviour among members and hence are policy relevant.

Using the 1991 Census data, the distribution and concentration of income have been examined among 15 broad birthplace groups for population aged 55 years and over. About 19% of males and 15% of females receive less than half the median income and obtain 5% and 3% of the aggregate income respectively. About 30% of males and 29% of females receive more than one and half times the median income and obtain 61% and59% of aggregate income respectively. About 51% of males and 56% of females who receive incomes between half and one and half times the median income are termed middle-class and their shares of aggregate income amount to 34 and 38% respectively.

Although, older immigrants aged 55 years and over, as a group, have roughly the same quartile distribution and concentration of income as their Canadian-born counterparts, the birthplace groups differ from each other. The groups coming from the developing regions, that is, the very groups that have lower average annual incomes, also have more inequitable distribution of income than the Canadian-born or their counterparts from the developed regions. Thus, the income distribution is more polarized in the populations from developing regions than in the populations from developed regions or in the Canadian-born population. On average, females receive 45% less income than males, and there is less polarization of income among them than among males regardless of the place of birth. A part of the explanation lies in the receipt of government transfers which tend to equalize rather than polarize incomes, and older women derive higher proportion of their income from government transfers than older men.

Description:

This study addresses the labour market adjustment of immigrants in Canada and specifically, employment stability. It uses data from the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID).

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The wage opportunities afforded different racial groups vary considerably. This paper presents a new analysis of wage differentials for different visible minority groups in Canada which also accounts for immigration background. It uses data from the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID).

Description:

This paper investigates the inter-provincial labour mobility behaviour of immigrants relative to that of native-born Canadians. Foreign-born Canadians differ a great deal from their domestically-born counterparts. The foreign-born population is geographically concentrated in a few provinces and a few big cities. As a whole, they are older, better educated, more likely to be married, and more likely to have dependent children and bigger households. They are less active in participating in full-time education and training. They fare relatively better in the labour market. As a result, a higher proportion of them receive social security benefits that are directly tied to the presence of dependent children or age such as family allowance benefits and pension income, but a lower proportion receive benefits that are related to labour market performance such as employment insurance benefits and social assistance benefits.

As a whole, immigrants are relatively less mobile inter-provincially. This is true both nationally and across almost every province. Among those who move to other provinces, destinations for foreign-born migrants are highly geographically concentrated. Most of them make their new homes in Alberta, Ontario and British Columbia. A significantly lower proportion of them relocate to other provinces for economic considerations but a much higher proportion move to go to school or after retirement. Earnings return to their inter-provincial migration is significantly more substantial. This is the result of both wage increase and more hours of work after migration.

Multi-variate regression results show that there are no statistically significant structural differences in the determinants of inter-provincial migration decisions between comparable foreign- and native-born Canadians. The probability of moving to other provinces, for immigrants as well as for domestically-born Canadians, is higher if earnings potentials elsewhere are relatively higher, lower if it is relatively harder to find employment elsewhere, higher among better educated workers, lower among French-speaking Canadians, lower among union members, and decreases with age, family size and job tenure. None of the proxies for government's labour market interventions significantly affect the decision to move inter-provincially. The lower mobility rates among the foreign-born are fully attributable to distributional and compositional differences between the immigrant and non-immigrant populations.

These findings have a direct policy implication on immigration selection. To encourage population and labour force growth in economically less prosperous provinces, it appears appropriate and effective to amend the current immigration selection and approval system, considering intended destinations as an additional factor and awarding additional points to applicants who choose designated provinces.

Description: This document presents a complete list of the social inclusion indicators for ethnocultural groups in Canada that are available on the homepage of our Gender, Diversity and Inclusion Statistics Hub. The information provided for each indicator includes a short description of the corresponding derivation, available data sources, reference years and accessible levels of geographical and disaggregation. Each indicator has a corresponding products number (data tables, visualization tools and analytical documents). This document has been updated to reflect the social inclusion indicators and associated products that are available in 2024.

Description:

This reference guide provides information to help users effectively use and interpret place of birth, generation status, citizenship and immigration data from the 2021 Census. This guide contains definitions and explanations of concepts, questions, classifications, data quality and comparability with other sources for this topic.

Description: This document presents a complete list of the social inclusion indicators for ethnocultural groups in Canada that are available on the homepage of our Gender, Diversity and Inclusion Statistics Hub. The information provided for each indicator includes a short description of the corresponding derivation, available data sources and reference years, and accessible levels of geographical disaggregation. Each indicator has various corresponding products (data tables, visualization tools and analytical documents).

Description:

This reference guide provides information to help users effectively use and interpret visible minority and population group data from the 2021 Census. This guide contains definitions and explanations of concepts, questions, classifications, data quality and comparability with other sources for this topic.

Description:

This reference guide provides information to help users effectively use and interpret ethnic or cultural origin data from the 2021 Census. This guide contains definitions and explanations of concepts, questions, classifications, data quality and comparability with other sources for this topic.

Description:

The Longitudinal Immigration Database (IMDB) is a comprehensive source of data that plays a key role in the understanding of the economic behaviour of immigrants. It is the only annual Canadian dataset that allows users to study the characteristics of immigrants to Canada at the time of admission and their economic outcomes and regional (inter-provincial) mobility over a time span of more than 35 years. The IMDB includes Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) administrative records which contain exhaustive information about immigrants who were admitted to Canada since 1952. It also includes data about non-permanent residents who have been issued temporary resident permits since 1980. This report will discuss the IMDB data sources, concepts and variables, record linkage, data processing, dissemination, data evaluation and quality indicators, comparability with other immigration datasets, and the analyses possible with the IMDB.

Description:

The Longitudinal Immigration Database (IMDB) is a comprehensive source of data that plays a key role in the understanding of the economic behaviour of immigrants. It is the only annual Canadian dataset that allows users to study the characteristics of immigrants to Canada at the time of admission and their economic outcomes and regional (inter-provincial) mobility over a time span of more than 35 years. The IMDB includes Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) administrative records which contain exhaustive information about immigrants who were admitted to Canada since 1952. It also includes data about non-permanent residents who have been issued temporary resident permits since 1980. This report will discuss the IMDB data sources, concepts and variables, record linkage, data processing, dissemination, data evaluation and quality indicators, comparability with other immigration datasets, and the analyses possible with the IMDB.

The IMDB was released in stages. The sections 2.2 and 7 of this report were revised to take the updates into account.

Description:

This fact sheet offers a concise overview of updated—new or modified—content for the 2021 Census of Population that is specific to the theme of immigration, ethnocultural diversity and languages in Canada, which includes the following topics: immigration and citizenship, place of birth of person/parents, ethnic or cultural origins, population groups, religion, language, and minority language educational rights. The changes considered for these topics are explained, along with the resulting approach for 2021.

Description:

The 2019 Census Test included three different versions of a question on ethnic or cultural origins. This paper summarizes the results of the 2019 Census Test and, using these results, provides the rationale for modifying the question on ethnic or cultural origins.

Description:

The mandate of the Analytical Studies Branch (ASB) is to provide high-quality, relevant and timely information on economic, health and social issues that are important to Canadians. The branch strategically makes use of expert knowledge and a large range of statistical sources to describe, draw inferences from, and make objective and scientifically supported deductions about the evolving nature of the Canadian economy and society. Research questions are addressed by applying leading-edge methods, including microsimulation and predictive analytics using a range of linked and integrated administrative and survey data. In supporting greater access to data, ASB linked data are made available to external researchers and policy makers to support evidence-based decision making. Research results are disseminated by the branch using a range of mediums (i.e., research papers, studies, infographics, videos, and blogs) to meet user needs. The branch also provides analytical support and training, feedback, and quality assurance to the wide range of programs within and outside Statistics Canada.